Oral Motor Stimulation, Feeding and Sucking Success in Preterm Infants

Yıl 2023, Cilt: 26 Sayı: 1, 27 - 33, 29.03.2023

Şenay Aras Doğan Ayda Çelebioğlu Aynur Aytekin Özdemir , Kadir Şerafettin Tekgündüz

https://doi.org/10.5152/JANHS.2023.2296162

Öz

Objective: Sucking and swallow dysfunction are common complications in preterm infants that cause oral feeding difficulties. Achieving oral feeding as early as possible is beneficial for preterm infants. This study aimed to determine the effect of nutrition oral motor stimulation in preterm infants for successful feeding and sucking.

Methods: This study was conducted as an experimental trial at a neonatal intensive care unit between May 5, 2017, and March 19, 2018. The population of the study comprised preterm infants between the 29th and 34th weeks of gestation. Preterm infants in the experimental group (n = 39) were applied oral motor stimulation, preterm infants in the control group (n = 38) were only fed. These procedures were performed on each preterm infants in the experimental and control groups 3 times a day for 14 days.

Results: It was found that the time of transition to full oral feeding was shorter (P = .010) while the LATCH mean scores for the first (P < .001) and second (P = .001) measurements and average nutrient intake for the second (P = .005) measurements were higher in the experimental group. The preterm infants who received oral motor stimulation transited to full oral feeding earlier and showed a higher success in sucking.

Conclusion: Oral motor stimulation positively affects sucking skills in preterm infants and promotes their health. It is recommended to use international standard values for assessing the growth rate in preterm infants.

Anahtar Kelimeler

Feeding, sucking success, oral motor stimulation, preterm infant, nurse

Pretem Bebeklerde Oral Motor Stimulasyon, Beslenme ve Emme Başarısı

Öz

Amaç: Emme ve yutma yetersizliği, prematüre bebeklerin oral beslenme güçlüğüne neden olan yaygın komplikasyonlardır. Oral beslenmenin mümkün olduğu kadar erken başarılması premetüre bebekler için yararlıdır. Bu çalışmanın amacı preterm bebeklerde oral motor stimulasyonun başarılı beslenme ve emme üzerine etkisini belirlemektir.

Yöntemler: Bu çalışma, 5 Mayıs 2017-19 Mart 2018 tarihleri arasında bir yenidoğan yoğun bakım ünitesinde deneysel çalışma olarak yürütülmüştür. Araştırmanın evrenini 29. ve 34. gebelik haftaları arasındaki preterm bebekler oluşturmuştur. Deney grubundaki preterm bebeklere (n = 39) oral motor stimulasyon uygulanmıştır, kontrol grubundaki preterm bebekler (n = 38) sadece beslenmiştir. Bu işlemler deney ve kontrol grubundaki her preterm bebeğe 14 gün boyunca günde 3 kez uygulanmıştır.

Bulgular: Deney grubunda tam oral beslenmeye geçiş süresi daha kısa (P = ,010) iken birinci (P < ,001) ve ikinci (P = ,001) ölçümlerde LATCH ölçeği ortalama puanları ve ikinci (P = ,005) ölçüm besin alımı daha fazla bulunmuştur. Oral motor stimulasyon uygulanan preterm bebekler tam oral beslenmeye daha erken geçmiş ve daha ileri emme başarısı göstermiştir.

Sonuç: Oral motor stimülasyon, prematüre bebeklerde emme becerilerini olumlu yönde etkilemekte ve sağlıklarını desteklemektedir. Preterm bebeklerde büyüme oranını değerlendirmek için uluslararası standart değerlerin kullanılması önerilmektedir.

Anahtar Kelimeler

Beslenme, emme başarısı, oral motor stimulasyon, preterm bebek, hemşire

Kaynakça

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