Türkiye'deki Son Sınıf Hemşirelik Öğrencilerinin Beyin Göçüyle İlgili Görüşleri: Nitel Bir Çalışma

Yıl 2025, Cilt: 28 Sayı: 3, 303 - 314, 24.09.2025

Metin Tuncer , Gülsüm Zekiye Tuncer

https://doi.org/10.17049/jnursology.1574741

Öz

Amaç: Bu çalışmada, göç etmek isteyen hemşirelik öğrencilerinin beyin göçü ile ilgili perspektiflerinin derinlemesine incelenmesi amaçlanmıştır.

Yöntemler: Çalışma, tanımlayıcı nitel araştırma tasarımına sahiptir. Çalışmanın evrenini, bir üniversitenin Hemşirelik Fakültesinde öğrenim gören ve yurtdışına göç etmeyi planlayan 13 son sınıf hemşirelik öğrencisi oluşturmuştur. Veriler, yüz yüze yapılan bireysel derinlemesine görüşmeler ile toplanmıştır. Katılımcılardan izin alındıktan sonra görüşmeler ses kaydına alınmıştır. Verilerin analizinde, Teorik Kodlamaya uygun olarak içerik analizi yapılmıştır.

Bulgular: Çalışmada, öğrencilerin görüşlerinden üç tema ortaya çıkmıştır: "Beyin göçü algısı", "Beyin göçünün motivasyonları" ve "Zorluklar". Beyin göçüne yönelik algıları olumlu olandan olumsuza doğru değişmiş, toplumda bir göç eğilimi gözlemlenmiş, Türkiye'deki hemşirelikten memnun olmadıkları ve gelecek için umutsuz hissettikleri belirlenmiştir. Çalışma koşulları, yurtdışındaki ekonomik refah ve kariyer olanakları, Türkiye'de yaşanan mobbing, ağır iş yükü ve sağlıkta şiddet, öğrencilerin göç etme motivasyonlarını oluştururken, göç edecekleri ülkede karşılaşacakları kültürel ve dil farklılıkları ise karşılaştıkları zorluklar olmuştur.

Sonuç: Göç etmek isteyen öğrencilerin perspektiflerini oluşturan faktörlerin bir kısmı kontrol edilebilir, bir kısmı ise kişisel niteliktedir. İş yüklerinin azaltılması, ekonomik destek sağlanması ve kariyer olanaklarının artırılması durumunda, öğrencilerin Türkiye’de kalma eğilimlerinin artabileceği düşünülmektedir.

Anahtar Kelimeler

Hemşirelik öğrencisi , beyin göçü , hemşire göçü

Brain Drain-Related Perspectives of Senior Nursing Students in Türkiye: A Qualitative Study

Öz

Objective: This study was aimed at investigating the brain drain-related perspectives of nursing students who wanted to emigrate in depth.

Methods: The study has the descriptive qualitative research design. The population of the study comprised 13 senior nursing students studying at the Faculty of Nursing of a university and intending to emigrate abroad. Data were collected through face-to-face individual in-depth interviews. The interviews were audio-recorded after the participants’ permission was obtained. This study adopted a qualitative research design based on inductive content analysis to explore the participants’ perspectives in depth.

Results: In this study, three themes emerged from the students' opinions: "Perception of brain drain", "Motivation behind brain drain" and "Challenges". The first theme reflected students’ varied views on migration, including both positive and negative perceptions, a growing social trend towards emigration, and feelings of hopelessness and dissatisfaction with nursing in Türkiye, leading to the formation of personal migration plans. The second theme captured motivations such as the influence of relatives and role models abroad, favourable personal conditions, attractive opportunities overseas, language efforts, and openness to new experiences. The final theme focused on challenges, including push factors like poor working conditions and low wages, barriers such as language and time constraints, and emotional concerns such as loneliness and cultural adjustment.

Conclusion: The study showed that nursing students’ intention to emigrate stems from mixed perceptions of brain drain, strong personal and social motivations, and various emotional and structural challenges. Addressing these issues may help mitigate future nurse migration.

Anahtar Kelimeler

Brain drain , nurse migration , nursing student

Kaynakça

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