Enteral Beslenen Hastalarda İki Farklı Ağız Bakım Yöntemine Göre Pnömoni Oranlarının Karşılaştırılması: Akut İnmeli Hastalarda Pilot Çalışma

Yıl 2025,

Alev Yıldız Ilıman , İsmet Eşer , Hadiye Şirin

https://doi.org/10.17049/jnursology.1510606

Öz

Amaç: Bu çalışma, inme sonrası nazogastrik tüp ile beslenen ve ağızdan gıda alımı olmayan hastalarda iki farklı ağız bakım yönteminin inme ile ilişkili pnömoni insidansı üzerindeki etkisini karşılaştırmıştır.

Yöntemler: Randomize kontrollü olarak planlanan bu çalışma Ağustos 2020 ile Nisan 2021 arasında Ege Üniversitesi Hastanesi Nöroloji Yoğun Bakım Ünitesinde yürütüldü. Her iki gruba yedi gün boyunca farklı ağız bakım protokolleri uygulandı. Verilerin toplanmasında, Hasta Bilgi Formu, Ulusal Sağlık Enstitüleri İnme Ölçeği, Glasgow Koma Ölçeği, Yatak Başı Ağız Değerlendirme İzlem Formu ve Hasta Takip Formu kullanıldı. Uygulama ve kontrol gruplarına yedi gün boyunca ağız bakımı uygulandı, ağız sağlıkları ve tükürük pH'ı ölçülüp kaydedildi. Pnömoni tanısı fizik muayene, kan testleri ve göğüs röntgenine dayanarak enfeksiyon hastalıkları birimi tarafından konuldu.

Bulgular: Hastaların 7 günlük ağız sağlığı değerlendirme puanlarına göre uygulama ve kontrol grubu arasındaki farkın anlamlı olduğu tespit edildi (P<,05). Uygulama grubunda hiçbir hastada pnömoni gelişmezken kontrol grubundaki hastaların %25'inde pnömoni gelişti, gruplar arasındaki fark anlamız bulundu (P<,05). Pnömoni gelişen ve gelişmeyen hastaların ağız sağlık değerlendirme puanları arasındaki farkın anlamlı olduğu belirlendi (P<,05).

Sonuç: Kapsamlı ağız bakım uygulamasının ağız sağlığı üzerinde anlamlı etkisi olduğu ancak tükürük pH'ını ve pnömoni oranlarını etkilenmediği belirlenmiştir.

Anahtar Kelimeler

Enteral beslenme , oral hijyeni , pnömoni , inme

Investigation of Pneumonia Rates in Enteral Fed Patients with Two Different Oral Care Methods: Pilot Study in Patients with Acute Stroke

Öz

Objective: This study compared the impact of two different oral care methods on the incidence of stroke-associated pneumonia in patients who were fed via nasogastric tube and had no oral intake after a stroke.

Methods: This randomized controlled trial was conducted at the Neurology Intensive Care Unit of Ege University Hospital between August 2020 and April 2021. Different oral care protocols were administered to both groups for seven days. Data were collected using the Patient Information Form, the National Institutes of Health Stroke Scale, the Glasgow Coma Scale, the Bedside Oral Exam and Patient Follow-up Form. Oral care was applied to both the intervention and control groups for seven days, with oral health and saliva pH measured and recorded. The diagnosis of pneumonia was made by the Infectious Diseases unit based on physical examination, blood tests, and chest X-rays.

Results: The difference in the seven-day oral health assessment scores between the intervention and control groups was found to be significant (P<.05). While no patients in the intervention group developed pneumonia, 25% of patients in the control group did, with the difference between the groups found to be insignificant (P<.05). The difference in oral health assessment scores between patients who developed pneumonia and those who did not was found to be significant (P<.05).

Conclusion: It was determined that comprehensive oral care had a significant effect on oral health but did not affect saliva pH or pneumonia rates.

Anahtar Kelimeler

Enteral nutrition , oral hygiene , pneumonia , stroke

Kaynakça

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