Socioeconomic reasons for the return of retired individuals to their working lives in Türkiye

Abstract

Due to longer life expectancies and lower fertility rates, many different countries face the financial and psychologi-cal concerns and limited demand of workforce problems due to having an aging population. The desire of older individuals to continue their working life after retirement is seen as an important way to combat these difficulties. In recent years, organizations have begun to realize that it is necessary to adjust workplace practices to be more inclusive in order for retired individuals to continue their working lives. However, there are relatively few empiri-cal studies investigating the effects on older people’s intention to rework after retirement. The findings of the few empirical studies in the literature lead to determining which factors are effective in encouraging retirees to conti-nue working. The aim of this research is to determine what factors affect the decisions of indefinite participation in the labor force of elderly individuals who return to occupational life. The sample of this research consists of participants who are living in the cities of Istanbul, Sakarya and Kocaeli and continuing to work after retirement. It is aimed to reach empirical findings by evaluating the collected data with descriptive and content analysis. With this research, effective results were obtained through sub-themes titled “perceptions related to career/age relations-hip”, “loss of income/purchasing power”, “social status/reputation” and “personal physical and mental health”. It is expected that the obtained results will contribute to improvements in the relevant labor law and Social Security Institution (SGK) legislation.

Keywords

• Senior workforce
• aging workforce
• pension
• qualitative research

Türkiye’de emekli bireylerin iş yaşamlarına yeniden dönmelerine ilişkin sosyoekonomik nedenler

Öz

Daha uzun yaşam beklentileri ve daha düşük doğurganlık oranları ile birçok ülke, yaşlanan bir nüfusa sahip olmanın getirdiği finansal ve psikolojik sorunlar ile işgücü arzı problemleriyle karşı karşıya kalmaktadır. İleri yaştaki bireylerin emekli olduktan sonra tekrar çalışma yaşamlarını devam ettirmek istemeleri, bu zorluklarla mücadelenin önemli bir yolu olarak görülmektedir. Son yıllarda örgütler, daha ileri yaştaki emekli bireylerin çalışma yaşamlarını devam ettirmeleri için işyeri uygulamalarını daha kapsayıcı olacak şekilde ayarlama gerektiğini anlamaya başlamaktadırlar. Bununla birlikte, daha ileri yaştaki bireylerin emeklilik sonrası yeniden çalışmaya devam etme niyetleri üzerindeki etkilerini araştıran nispeten az sayıda ampirik çalışma bulunmaktadır. Literatürdeki bu az sayıdaki ampirik çalışma bulguları, hangi faktörlerin ileri yaştaki emekli bireylerin çalışmaya devam etmeye teşvik etmede etkili olduğunu belirlemeye yönlendirmektedir. Bu araştırmanın amacı, emekli olduktan sonra tekrar iş yaşantısına dönen ileri yaştaki bireylerin işgücüne sürekli katılım kararlarını etkileyen faktörlerin neler olduğunu belirlemektir. Bu araştırmanın örneklemi, İstanbul, Sakarya ve Kocaeli illerinde yaşayan ve emeklilik sonrası çalışmaya devam eden katılımcılardan oluşmaktadır. Toplanan verilerin, betimsel ve içerik analizleri ile değerlendirilerek ampirik bulgulara ulaşılması hedeflenmektedir. Araştırma sayesinde “kariyer/yaş ilişkisine bağlı algılar”, “gelir kaybı/alım gücü”, “toplumsal statü/itibar” ve “kişisel beden ve ruh sağlığı” başlıklı alt temalar üzerinden etkili sonuçlara ulaşılmıştır. Elde edilen sonuçların ilgili iş kanunlarında ve SGK mevzuatında iyileştirmeler yapılmasına katkı sağlayacağı umulmaktadır.

Anahtar Kelimeler

• Kıdemli işgücü
• yaşlanan işgücü
• emeklilik
• nitel araştırma

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