Amerika Birleşik Devletleri’nde Yabancı Banka Uyum Sorunları: Yazılı Anlaşmalar Üzerine Bir İçerik Analizi

Yıl 2019, Cilt: 6 Sayı: 2, 10 - 29, 01.07.2019

Mustafa Çelik , Ömer Tekşen

Öz

Bu çalışmanın
amacı, Amerika Birleşik Devletleri’nde (ABD) yabancı bankaların faaliyetleri
üzerinde etkili olan yasal ve düzenleyici çevreyi ortaya koymak ve bu
bankaların karşılaştığı yaptırım türleri üzerinden bu sektörde faaliyet
gösteren bankalara uyum sürecinde yol gösterici bir çerçeve oluşturmaktır. Bu
kapsamda çalışmada ABD bankacılık sektörü düzenleyicilerine ve uygulanmakta
olan yaptırımlara yer verilmiş ve Amerika Birleşik Devletleri Merkez
Bankası’nın (FED) 2009-2018 yılları arasında yabancı bankalarla yaptığı yazılı
anlaşmalar (written agreements) üzerinden içerik analizine gidilmiştir. Analiz,
ABD düzenleyicilerinin, yabancı bankalardan özellikle terörün finansmanı, kara
paranın aklanması ve işlem kaynağının zor tespiti gibi sorunlara yönelik
politika ve uygulama taleplerinin bulunduğunu ortaya koymaktadır. Çalışma
sonucuna göre ABD’de faaliyet gösteren bankalar, gelişmiş bilgi teknolojileri
ile desteklenmiş bir biçimde bankacılık işlemleri ve müşteriler için istihbarat
toplama sistemleri oluşturmalı, her bir işlemi potansiyel risk düzeyine göre irdelemeli
ve istihbarat ve risk değerlendirme sistemini sürekli olarak değerlendirip
güncellemelidir.

Anahtar Kelimeler

ABD Bankacılık Sektörü, Düzenleyici Otoriteleri, Yazılı Anlaşmalar, İçerik Analizi, Banka Düzenlemesi

Foreign Bank Organization Complience Problems In Us: A Content Analysis On Written Agreements

Öz

The aim of this
paper is to present legal and regulatory enviroment that affects US foreign
banks’ activities and constitute an advisory 
framework for foreign banks in complience process that operate in US by analysing
enforcement actions on banking sector. In this context, it is given wide
coverage to US banking sector regulatory bodies and enforcement actions and
content analysis on FED’s written agreements with foreign banks between 2009-2018
years are conducted. According to the results, US regulators demands,policies
and measures for preventing terrorism financing, anti-money laundering and
tracking international financial transactions from foreign banking
organizations. Foreign banking organizations (FBOs) should establish customer
due-dilligence systems that are supported with 
developed IT systems; investigate each financial transaction according
to potential risk level and review and update customer due-dilligence and
financial acticity monitoring systems regularly. 

Anahtar Kelimeler

US Banking Sector, Regulatory Bodies, Written Agreements, Content Analysis, Bank Regulation

Kaynakça

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