Северокавказские языки и хатти

Öz

Northwest Caucasian Languages and Hattic [Kuzeybatı Kafkas Dilleri ve Hattice]

Öz

Bu araştırma beş Kuzeybatı Kafkas Dilleri ve Hatik arasındaki ilişkiyi incelemektedir. Bu beş dilde 193 ana kelime oluşturulmuş ve benzerlikleri araştırılmıştır. Abhaz, Abaza, Adige, Kabartay ve Ubıh verilerinde Starostin, Chirikba ve Kuiper’ın çalışmaları esas alınmıştır. 15 kelimelik bir alt Hatik listesi Soysal’ın çalışmasına dayanmaktadır. Bu listeler filogenetik ilişkileri oluşturabilmek için karakter listeleri olarak formüle edilmiştir. Bu dillerin filogenetik ilişkileri oldukça yaygın olarak kullanılan ‘Neighbor Joining’ yöntemiyle PAUP* 4’de araştırılmıştır. Ayrıca bu dillerin ilişkilerini destekleyen ve desteklemeyen gurup genetik çalışmaları ve arkeolojik veriler de tartışılmıştır. Bu proje Hatik için sınırlı olmakla beraber, Kuzey Batı Kafkas Dilleri için bir ön karakter veri seti oluşturmuştur. Filogenetik ağaçlar, bu diller arasındaki genel ilişkiyi sergilemektedir. Bu araştırma Kafkas Dillerinde bu tür araştırmalara bir temel teşkil etmektedir. Ayrıca, dil ailelerinin evrimi çalışmalarında kontrast sorgulama uygulamalarına yönelik bir yöntem örneği sunmaktadır.

Anahtar Kelimeler

• Hatik
• Kuzey Batı Kafkas Dilleri
• Dil Bilim

Northwest Caucasian Languages and Hattic [Kuzeybatı Kafkas Dilleri ve Hattice]

Abstract

The relationships among five Northwest Caucasian languages and Hattic were investigated. A list of 193 core vocabulary words was constructed and examined to find look-alike words. Data for Abhkaz, Abaza, Adyghe, Kabardian and Ubykh drew on the work of Starostin, Chirikba and Kuipers. A sub-set list of 15 look-alike words for Hattic was constructed from Soysal. These lists were formulated as character data for reconstructing the phylogenetic relationships of the languages. The phylogenetic relationships of these languages were investigated by a well known method, Neighbor Joining, as implemented in PAUP* 4.0. Supporting and dissenting evidence from human genetic population studies and archeological evidence were discussed. This project has produced a provisional set of character data for the Northwest Caucasian languages and, to a limited extent, Hattic. Phylogenetic trees have been generated and displayed to show their general character and the types of differences obtained by alternate methods. This research is a basis for further inquiries into the development of the Caucasian languages. Moreover, it presents an example of the method for contrast queries application in studying the evolution of language families.

Keywords

• Northwest Caucasian Languages
• Hattic
• Historical Linguistics

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