EKOLOJİK OKURYAZARLIK, EKOLOJİK ZEKÂ VE EKO-GİRİŞİMCİLİK NİYETİ ARASINDAKİ İLİŞKİLER ÜZERİNE BİR ARAŞTIRMA

Öz

Küresel ölçekte artan sanayileşme ve tüketim baskısı sonucunda derinleşen ekolojik sorunlar, artan atık miktarı ve dünya sınırlarını zorlayan ekolojik ayak izleri, sürdürülebilir kalkınma paradigmalarının yeniden sorgulanmasını zorunlu kılmaktadır. Bu çevresel kriz ortamında, çevresel tehditleri ekonomik değere ve toplumsal faydaya dönüştürmeyi hedefleyen eko-girişimcilik, kritik bir çözüm yolu olarak öne çıkmaktadır. Eko-girişimcilik niyetinin oluşumunda ise bireylerin doğayla ilişkisini tanımlayan ekolojik zekâ ve ekolojik okuryazarlık kavramları belirleyici rol oynamaktadır. Bu bağlamda, bu çalışmada Selçuk Üniversitesi öğrencilerinin ekolojik okuryazarlıklarının ve ekolojik zekâlarının eko-girişimcilik niyetleri üzerindeki etkisi ve ayrıca ekolojik zekâlarının ekolojik okuryazarlıkları üzerindeki etkisi yapısal eşitlik modeliyle değerlendirilmiştir. Yapılan alan araştırması sonucunda öğrencilerin ekolojik okuryazarlıklarının ve ekolojik zekâlarının eko-girişimcilik niyetleri üzerinde ve ekolojik zekâlarının ekolojik okuryazarlıkları üzerinde olumlu etkisi olduğu sonucuna ulaşılmıştır.

Anahtar Kelimeler

• Ekolojik Zekâ
• Ekolojik Okuryazarlık
• Eko-girişimcilik Niyeti

A STUDY ON THE RELATIONSHIPS BETWEEN ECOLOGICAL LITERACY, ECOLOGICAL INTELLIGENCE, AND ECO-ENTREPRENEURIAL INTENTION

Öz

Environmental problems that have deepened as a result of increasing industrialization and consumption pressure on a global scale, the growing volume of waste, and ecological footprints that push the planet’s boundaries make it necessary to reconsider sustainable development paradigms. In this context of enviromental crisis, eco-entrepreneurship—aimed at transforming environmental threats into economic value and social benefit—emerges as a critical solution pathway. In the formation of eco-entrepreneurial intention, the concepts of ecological intelligence and ecological literacy, which define individuals’ relationship with nature, play a decisive role. In this context, this study evaluated the impact of Selçuk University students' ecological literacy and ecological intelligence on their eco-entrepreneurial intentions, as well as the impact of their ecological intelligence on their ecological literacy. The field research revealed that students' ecological literacy and ecological intelligence had a positive impact on their eco-entrepreneurial intentions, and that their ecological intelligence had a positive impact on their ecological literacy.

Anahtar Kelimeler

• Ecological Intelligence
• Ecological Literacy
• Eco-Entrepreneurial Intention

Kaynakça

1. Kaynakça AhmadiKafeshani, A., & Nazemi, A. (2014). The relationship between emotional intelligence and entrepreneurial intention of students. Sport Management, 22(22), 421–441.
2. Alpdoğan, H., & Atik, Y. (2024). Çevresel sürdürülebilirlik bağlamında yeşil girişimciliğin yeşil büyümeye etkileri: Türkiye ve dünya’dan yeşil girişimcilik örnekleri (ss. 65–85). Özgür Yayınları.
3. Alshebami, A. S., Alholiby, M. S., Elshaer, İ. A., Sobaih, A. E. E. & Al Marri, S. H. (2023). Examining the relationship between green mindfulness, spiritual intelligence, and environmental self-identity: Unveiling the path to green entrepreneurial intention. Administrative Sciences, 13(10), 1-17.
4. Atienza-Barba, M., del Brio-Gonzalez, J., Mitre-Aranda, M., & Barba-Sanchez, V. (2025). Gender differences in the impact of ecological awareness on entrepreneurial intent. International Entrepreneurship and Management Journal, 21(79), 1-19.
5. Baumgartner, H., & Homburg, C. (1996). Applications of structural equation modeling in marketing and consumer research: A review. International Journal of Research in Marketing, 13(2), 139-161.
6. Cai X, Hussain, S., & Zhang, Y. (2022) Factors that can promote the green entrepreneurial intention of college students: A fuzzy set qualitative comparative analysis. Front. Psychol. 12, 1-13.
7. Cai, B., Chen, Y., & Ayub, A. (2023). “Quiet the mind, and the soul will speak!” Exploring the boundary effects of green mindfulness and spiritual intelligence on university students’ green entrepreneurial intention–behavior link. Sustainability, 15(3895), 1–21.
8. Capra, F. (2002). The hidden connections: A science for sustainable living. Anchor Books.

9. Çakır, V., & Çakır, V. (2007). Televizyon reklamlarının algılanan değeri ve reklam tutumu ilişkisi: bir yapısal eşitlik modeli. İstanbul Üniversitesi İletişim Fakültesi Dergisi, 37-59.
10. Doll, W. J., Xia, W., & Torkzadeh, G. (1994). A confirmatory factor analysis of the end-user computing satisfaction instrument. MIS Quarterly, 18(4), 453–461.
11. Ebenezer, K., & Ganesh Babu, M. (2025). Green ventures and sustainable models: The rise of eco-innovation in startups. Advances in Consumer Research, 2(5), 435–440.
12. Eminoğlu, E., & Nartgün, Z. (2009). Üniversite öğrencilerinin akademik sahtekarlık eğilimlerinin ölçülmesine yönelik bir ölçek geliştirme çalışması. Uluslararası İnsan Bilimleri Dergisi, 6(1), s. 215-240.
13. Eskiler, E., & Altunışık, R. (2021). The moderating effect of involvement in the relationship between customer behavioral intentions and its antecedents. Sage Open, 11(2), 1-12.
14. Gardner, H. (1994). Intelligence reframed: Multiple intelligences for the 21st century. Basic Books.
15. Gefen, D. (2000). E-commerce: the role of familiarity and trust. The International Journal of Management Science, 28(6), 725-737.
16. Ghufronudin, G., Liestyasari, S. I., Budiati, A. C., Parahita, B. N., Astutik, D., & Siregar, R. S. (2024). Enhancing ecological awareness through innovative green sociology teaching approaches. Jurnal Pendidikan Progresif, 14(3), 2050-2063.
17. Goleman, D. (2009). Ecological intelligence: How knowing the hidden impacts of what we buy can change everything. Doubleday Business.
18. Goleman, D. (2012). Ecoliterate: How educators are cultivating emotional, social, and ecological intelligence. Jossey-Bass.
19. Güçlüoğlu, E. B. (2024). Öğretmen adaylarının ekolojik zekaları ve biyoçeşitlilik okuryazarlık düzeylerinin belirlenmesi. Yüksek Lisans Tezi. Çanakkale Onsekiz Mart Üniversitesi.
20. Gültekin, P. (2024). Environmental concern and eco-entrepreneurial intention: The mediating effects of nature-based solutions and self-efficacy. Environmental Science and Pollution Research, 31, 59894–59905.
21. Gürbüz, S., & Şahin, F. (2018). Sosyal bilimlerde araştırma yöntemleri felsefe yöntem analiz. 5.Baskı. Ankara: Seçkin Yayıncılık.
22. Gürer, A., & Bozacı, İ. (2022). Yeşil girişimcilik. A. B. Solmaztürk & B. Hırlak (Eds.), Girişimcilikte güncel yaklaşımlar içinde (ss. 255–274). Eğitim Yayınevi.
23. Haktanır, G., Özbakır, A. D., Güngör Cabbar, B., Çabuk, B., & Haktanır, K. (2023). Ecological literacy measurement tool for adults: Validity and reliability study. Necatibey Faculty of Education Electronic Journal of Science and Mathematics Education, 17(2), 1084–1112.
24. Haşlaman, T. (2005). Programlama dersi ile ilgili öz düzenleyici öğrenme stratejileri ile başarı arasındaki ilişkilerin incelenmesi: bir yapısal eşitlik modeli. Yüksek Lisans Tezi. Ankara: Hacettepe Üniversitesi.
25. Islam, M. R., & Mehdi, A. A. (2024). Bridging climate awareness and sustainable entrepreneurship: A conceptual framework based on the theory of planned behavior. International Research Journal of Economics and Management Studies, 3(7), 266–275.
26. İnce, F. (2011). Girişimciliğe ekolojik yaklaşım: Eko-girişimcilik teorik çerçeve. Nevşehir Üniversitesi Sosyal Bilimler Enstitüsü Dergisi, 1, 187–206.
27. Kapusuz, A. G., & Çavuş, M. F. (2017). Geçmişten yeni bir kavram: Yeşil (eko) girişimcilik. Üçüncü Sektör Sosyal Ekonomi Dergisi, 52(Özel Sayı), 104–119.
28. Karimi, H., & Ataei, P., (2023). The effect of entrepreneurship ecosystem on the entrepreneurial skills of agriculture students: The mediating role of social intelligence and emotional intelligence (The case of Zabol University, Iran). Curr. Psychol. 42, 23250–23264.
29. Kerçin, D., & Demir, M. Ş. (2024). An integrative and interdisciplinary assessment of environmental, ecological and eco-literacy. Journal of Computer and Education Research, 12 (24), 383-402.
30. Kerçin, D. (2023). Çevresel, ekolojik ve eko-okuryazarlığına dönük bütünleyici-interdisipliner bir değerlendirme Yüksek Lisans Tezi. Van Yüzüncü Yıl Üniversitesi.
31. Khatkhedkar, N. (2020). Creating a guidebook promoting education for sustainability and steering children to become ecologically intelligent. Bachelor’s Thesis, Laurea University.
32. Koçoğlu, E., Egüz, Ş., Tösten, R., Demir, F. B., & Tekdal, D. (2023). Perception of ecological literacy in education: A scale development study. International Journal of Education and Literacy Studies, 11(3), 3–9.
33. Kujumdzieva, A., Nustorova, M., & Nedava, T. (2019). Sosyal-Ekolojik Sistem Yaklaşımı ile Ekolojik Okuryazarlığın Geliştirilmesi içinde. Ekolojik okuryazarlık. Erasmus Projesi, 107-153.
34. Li, Y., Mohd Nordin, N. R., Akhter, S., Kumar, T., & Shaheen, M. (2023). Does green entrepreneurial behavior enhance through entrepreneurship education, perceived ability to use technology, and commitment to environment? Economic Research–Ekonomska Istraživanja, 36(3).
35. Meydan, C. H., & Şeşen, H. (2011). Yapısal eşitlik modellemesi AMOS uygulamaları. Ankara: Detay Yayıncılık.
36. Mishra, P., & Datta, B. (2011). Perpetual asset management of customer-based brand equity-The PAM evaluator. Current Research Journal of Social Sciences, 3(1), 34-43.
37. Mohan R. (2023). Multiple literacies in environmental education: an epistemology for sustainable development. https://www.researchgate.net.
38. Nurfitriani A., Nugraha F. F., Mulyana, E., Dahlena, A., Widyanti, T., Rohman, S. N. & Wiyanarti, E. (2024). Implementation of organic waste management through the concept of social entrepreneurship to increase environmental intelligence. Proceedings of the 9th Global Conference on Business, Management and Entrepreneurship (GCBME 2024).
39. Nuringsih, K., & Setia, B. (2023). Fostering eco-entrepreneurial intention among students: The role of entrepreneurial education, attitude, and gender. Journal of Education and Learning, 17(3), 1–10.
40. OECD. (2011). Towards green growth. OECD Publishing.
41. Okur-Berberoglu, E. (2020) An ecological intelligence scale intended for adults. World Futures, 76(3), 133-152.
42. Okur-Berberoğlu, E. (2018). Development of an ecoliteracy scale intended for adults and testing an alternative model by structural equation modelling. International Electronic Journal of Environmental Education, 8(2), 15-34.
43. Orr, D. W. (1994). Earth in mind: On education, environment, and the human prospect. Island Press.
44. Palmer, J., & Neal, P. (1994). The handbook of environmental education. Routledge.
45. Peng, Z. (2022). Path realization and analysis of synergy between ecological environment development and innovative entrepreneurship education. Journal of Environmental and Public Health, 1–9.
46. Rafiq, M., Yang, J., & Bashar, S. (2024). Impact of personality traits and sustainability education on green entrepreneurship behavior of university students: mediating role of green entrepreneurial intention. Journal of Global Entrepreneurship Research, 14 (14), 1-14.
47. Rahayu, N. S. (2024). Assessing the determinant factors affecting green entrepreneurial intention among female entrepreneurs in Indonesia. Cogent Business & Management, 11(1).
48. Schaltegger, S. (2016). Linking environmental entrepreneurship, innovation and sustainability. Springer.
49. Schermelleh-Engel, K., Moosbrugger, H. & Müller, H. (2003). Evaluating the fit of structural equation models: Tests of significance and descriptive goodness-of-fit measures. Methods of Psychological Research Online, 8(2), 23-74.
50. Segars, A. H. & Grover, V. (1993). Re-examining perceived ease of use and usefulness: A confirmatory factor analysis. MIS Quarterly, 517-525.
51. Setia, B., & Nuringsih, K. (2022). Shaping intention among students in environmental entrepreneurship through entrepreneurial education and environmental concern. Advances in Economics, Business and Management Research, 216, 109–115.
52. Setiawan, M. H., Amin, B. F., & Ratnawati, I. (2024). Green entrepreneurial intentions and university support for green entrepreneurial behavior: A systematic literature review. Research Horizon, 4(4), 339–350.
53. Setiawati, T. (2016). Improving students’ ecological intelligence in fuel-efficient transportation through contextual social studies learning. Journal of Social Studies Education Research, 7(2), 1–18.
54. Stone, M. K., & Barlow, Z. (2005). Ecological literacy: Educating our children for a sustainable world. Sierra Club Books.
55. Villi, B. (2024). Tüketicilerin ekolojik zekâları ile sürdürülebilir tüketim davranışları arasındaki ilişkinin incelenmesi. Journal of Business Research–Turk, 16(4), 2321–2337.
56. Vora, R. M., James, B. V., Lattala, L., & Joseph, D. (2024). Exploring the influence of ethnicity and environmental values on eco-entrepreneurship. In IEEE TQCEBT Conference Proceedings (pp. 1–4).
57. Widianto, F. R., Handani, S. S., & Mustika, D. (2024). Building the ecoliteracy intelligent of student through the citizen project model at FKIP UNIBBA. International Journal of Ethno-Sciences and Education Research, 4(2), 57–64.
58. Ye, Q., Zhou, R., Anwar, M. A., Siddiquei, A. N., & Asmi, F. (2020). Entrepreneurs and environmental sustainability in the digital era: Regional and institutional perspectives. International Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health, 17(4), 1-21.
59. Yılmaz, M., & Selvi, M. (2024). Fen eğitiminde alternatif girişimcilik modeli olarak ekogirişimcilik modeli. Türk Eğitim Bilimleri Dergisi, 22(2), 1497–1523.
60. Zampetakis, L. A., Kafetsios, K., Bouranta, N., Dewett, T., & Moustakis, V. S. (2009). On the relationship between emotional intelligence and entrepreneurial attitudes and intentions. International Journal of Entrepreneurial Behaviour and Research, 15(6), 595–618.