Örgütsel Kimlik-İş Tatmini İlişkisinde İşe Tutulmanın Aracılık Rolü

Öz

Bu çalışmanın temel amacı, örgütsel kimliğin iş tatminini etkileyip etkilemediğin tespit edilmesi ve çalışanın işine tutulmasının bu etkide rolünün ne olduğunun sorgulanmasıdır. Araştırmanın örneklemini İstanbul’da faaliyet gösteren özel bir şirkette çalışan, 225 kişi oluşturmaktadır. Katılımcılardan anket yoluyla toplanan veriler istatiksel analizlere tabi tutulmuştur. Değişkenler arasındaki ilişkiler için korelasyon analizi ve hipotez testleri için yapısal eşitlik modelleri kurulmuştur. Analiz sonucunda elde edilen bulguya göre; çalışanların örgütsel kimlikle kendisini tanımlaması, işinden aldığı tatmini etkilemektedir. Diğer bulgu ise bu etkide çalışanların işe tutulmalarının alt boyutlarından adanma ve işe kendini kaptırmanın kısmi aracılık rolü olduğunun tespit edilmesidir. Araştırmadan elde edilen bulgular literatür çerçevesinde tartışılmıştır.

Anahtar Kelimeler

• Örgütsel Kimlik
• İş Tatmini
• İşe Tutulma

The Mediating Role of Work Engagement in the Relationship between Organization Identity and Work Satisfaction

Öz

The main purpose of this study is to understand whether organizational identity influences job satisfaction and question which role the employee in the process of absorption in the work will adopt. The sample of this study includes 225 workers in a private company in İstanbul. Statistical analysis is applied to the data collected from participants via questionnaires. The relationship between study variables was investigated by correlation and structural equation modeling analyses. According to the findings, employees’ identification of themselves with organizational identity depends on the satisfaction they obtain from their job. Another finding is that employees’ absorption and dedication has a partial mediating role in this effect. Results of this research were discussed within the framework of the existing literature.

Anahtar Kelimeler

• Organizational Identity
• Work Satisfaction
• Work Engagement

Kaynakça

1. Albert, S., Ashforth, B. E., & Dutton, J. E. (2000). Organizational Identity and Identification: Charting New Waters and Building New Bridges. Academy of Management Review, 25(1), 13-17.
2. Alarcon, G.M., & Edwards, J.M. (2011), “The Relationship of Engagement, Job Satisfaction and Turnover Intentions”, Stress and Health,27(3), 294-298.
3. Ashforth, B. E., & Mael, F. (1989). Social Identity Theory and the Organization. The Academy of Management Review, 14(1), 20–39. https://doi.org/10.1097/EDE.ObO13e31812e5535
4. Aziri, B. (2011). Job satisfaction: A literature review. Management Research & Practice, 3(4), 77-86
5. Bakker, A. B., & Leiter, M. P. (2010). Work Engagement: A Handbook of Essential Theory and Research. Psychology press.
6. Bakker, A. B., Schaufeli, W. B., Leiter, M. P., & Taris, T. W. (2008). Work Engagement: An Emerging Concept in Occupational Health Psychology. Work & Stress, 22(3), 187-200.
7. Başar, U., & Basim, N. (2015). Effects of Organizational Identification on Job Satisfaction: Moderating Role of Organizational Politics (Örgütsel Özdeşleşmenin İş Tatmini Üzerindeki Etkisi: Örgütsel Politikanın Düzenleyici Rolü). Yönetim ve Ekonomi: Celal Bayar Üniversitesi İktisadi ve İdari Bilimler Fakültesi Dergisi, 22(2), 663-683.
8. Bayram, A. (2019). Örgütsel Özdeşleşmenin İş Tatmini Üzerine Etkisinde İşe Adanmışlığın Aracı Rolünün Belirlenmesine Yönelik Bir Araştırma. Anadolu Üniversitesi Sosyal Bilimler Dergisi, 4, 321–334.

9. Biswas, S., & Bhatnagar, J. (2013). Mediator Analysis of Employee Engagement: Role of Perceived Organizational Support, PO Fit, Organizational Commitment and Job Satisfaction. Vikalpa, 38(1), 27-40.
10. Brewer, M. B. (1991). The Social Self: On Being the Same and Different at the Same Time. Personality and Social Psychology Bulletin, 17(5), 475–482.
11. Christian, M. S., Garza, A. S., & Slaughter, J. E. (2011). Work Engagement: A Quantitative Review and Test of Its Relations with Task and Contextual Performance. Personnel Psychology, 64, 89–136
12. Güler, M., Çetin, F., & Basım, H. N. (2019). İşe Tutulma Ölçeği Çok Kısa Versiyonu (UWES-3) Geçerlilik ve Güvenilirlik Çalışması: Alternatif Bir Versiyon (UWES-6) Önerisi. İş ve İnsan Dergisi, 6(October), 187–195. https://doi.org/10.18394/iid.516921.
13. Hackman, R. & Oldham, G. R. (1975). Development of the Job Diagnostic Survey. Journal of Applied Psychology, 60(2), 159-170
14. Harter, J. K., Schmidt, F. L., & Hayes, T. L. (2002). Business-unit-Level Relationship Between Employee Satisfaction, Employee Engagement, and Business Outcomes: A Meta-Analysis. Journal of Applied Psychology, 87(2), 268.
15. Haslam, S. A., & Ellemers, N. (2005). International Review of Industrial and Organizational Psychology. In G. P. Hodgkinson & J. K. Ford (Eds.), International Review of Industrial and Organizational Psychology. https://doi.org/10.1002/0470029307
16. He, H., Zhu, W., & Zheng, X. (2014). Procedural Justice and Employee Engagement: Roles of Organizational Identification and Moral Identity Centrality. Journal of Business Ethics, 122, 681–695. https://doi.org/10.1007/s10551-013-1774-3
17. Hogg, M. A., & Turner, J. C. (1985). Interpersonal Attraction, Social Identification and Psychological Group Formation. European Journal of Social Psychology, 15(1), 51-66.
18. Kahn, W. A. (1990). Psychological Conditions of Personal Engagement and Disengagement at Work. Academy of Management Journal, 33(4), 692–724. https://doi.org/10.5465/256287
19. Kahn, W. A. (1992). To Be Fully There: Psychological Presence at Work. Human Relations, 45(4), 321–349. https://doi.org/10.1177/001872679204500402
20. Karanika-Murray, M., Duncan, N., Pontes, H. M., & Griffiths, M. D. (2015). Organizational Identification, Work Engagement, and Job Satisfaction. Journal of Managerial Psychology, 30(8), 1019–1033.
21. Locke, E. A. (1969). What is Job Satisfaction? Organızatıonal Behavior and Human Performance, 4, 309–336.
22. Lu, L., LU, A.C., Gürsoy, D., & Neale, N. (2016). Work Engagement, Job Satisfaction, and Turnover Intentions: A Comparison Between Supervisors and Line-Level Employees. International Journal of Contemporary Hospitality Management., 28(4), 737–761.
23. Mael, F. A., & Ashforth, B. E. (2001). Identification in Work, War, Sports, and Religion: Contrasting the Benefits and Risks. Journal for the Theory of Social Behaviour, 31(2), 196–222. https://doi.org/10.1111/1468-5914.00154
24. Maslach, C., & Leiter, M. P. (2008). Early Predictors of Job Burnout and Engagement. Journal of Applied Psychology, 93(3), 498.
25. Ming, G., Ganli, L., & Fulei, C. (2014). High-Performance Work Systems, Organizational Identification and Job Satisfaction: Evidence from China. Pakistan Journal of Statistics, 30(5), 751-766.
26. Morçin, S. E., & Çarikçi, İ. (2016). Dönüştürücü/Etkileşimci Liderliğin İş Tatminine Etkisinde Örgütsel Özdeşleşmenin Aracilik Rolü: Antalya’daki Beş Yildizli Otel İşletmeleri Örneği. Süleyman Demirel Üniversitesi İktisadi ve İdari Bilimler Fakültesi Dergisi, 21(1), 97-112.
27. Oliver, D., & Vough, H. C. (2020). Practicing Identity in Emergent Firms: How Practices Shape Founders’ Organizational Identity Claims. Strategic Organization, 18(1), 75–105. https://doi.org/10.1177/1476127019863642
28. Ötken, A.B., & Erben, G.S. (2010). Investigating the Relationship Between Organizational Identification and Work Engagement and The Role of Supervisor Support. Gazi Üniversitesi İktisadi ve İdari Bilimler Fakültesi Dergisi, 12(2), 93-118.
29. Park, J., & Gursoy, D. (2012). Generation Effects on Work Engagement Among U.S. Hotel Employees. International Journal of Hospitality Management, 31(4), 1195–1202. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ijhm.2012.02.007
30. Patall, E. A., Cooper, H., & Robinson, J. C. (2008). The Effects of Choice on Intrinsic Motivation and Related Outcomes: A Meta-Analysis of Research Findings. Psychological Bulletin, 134(2), 270–300. https://doi.org/10.1037/0033-2909.134.2.270
31. Pratt, M. G., Schultz, M., Ashforth, B. E., & Ravasi, D. (Eds.). (2016). The Oxford Handbook of Organizational Identity. Oxford University Press.
32. Preacher, K. J., & Hayes, A. F. (2008). Asymptotic and Resampling Strategies for Assessing and Comparing Indirect Effects in Multiple Mediator Models. Behavior Research Methods, 40(3), 879–891. https://doi.org/10.3758/BRM.40.3.879.
33. Rich, B. L., Lepine, J. A., & Crawford, E. R. (2010). Job Engagement: Antecedents and Effects on Job Performance. Academy of Management Journal, 53(3), 617–635. https://doi.org/10.5465/amj.2010.51468988
34. Riketta, M. (2005). Organizational Identification: A Meta Analysis. Journal of Vocational Behavior, 66, 358 – 384. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jvb.2004.05.005
35. Rothmann, S. (2008). Job Satisfaction, Occupational Stress, Burnout and Work Engagement As Components of Work-Related Wellbeing. SA Journal of Industrial Psychology, 34, 11–16.
36. Saks, A. M. (2006). Antecedents and Consequences of Employee Engagement. Journal of Managerial Psychology. 21 (7), 600-619
37. Schaufeli, W. B., Bakker, A. B., & Salanova, M. (2006). The Measurement of Work Engagement with a Short Questionnaire: A Cross-National Study. Educational and Psychological Measurement, 66(4), 701–716. https://doi.org/10.1177/0013164405282471
38. Schneider, B., & Snyder, R. A. (1975). Some Relationships Between Job Satisfaction and Organization Climate. Journal of Applied Psychology, 60(3), 318–328. https://doi.org/10.1037/h0076756
39. Sökmen, A., & Bıyık, Y. (2016). Örgütsel Bağlılık, Örgütsel Özdeşleşme, Kişi-Örgüt Uyumu ve İş Tatmini İlişkisi: Bilişim Uzmanlarına Yönelik Bir Araştırma. International Journal of Informatics Technologies, 9(2), 221.
40. Spector, P. E. (1997). Job Satisfaction: Application, Assessment, Causes, and Consequences (Vol. 3). Sage.
41. Tajfel, H. (1972). Social Categorization. English Manuscript of ‘La Catégorisation Sociale’. In S. Moscovici (Ed.), Introduction À La Psychologie Sociale (Vol. 1, pp. 272–302). Paris:Larousse.
42. Tajfel, H., & J. C. Turner (1986). The Social of Identity Theory of Intergroup Behavior. In: S. Worchel and W. G. Austin (eds), Psychology of Intergroup Relations, pp. 7– 24. Nelson, Chicago.
43. Truxillo, D. M., Cadiz, D. M., Rineer, J. R., Zaniboni, S., & Fraccaroli, F. (2012). A Lifespan Perspective on Job Design: Fitting the Job and the Worker to Promote Job Satisfaction, Engagement, and Performance. Organizational Psychology Review, 2(4), 340–360. https://doi.org/10.1177/2041386612454043
44. Tüzün, İ. K., & Çağlar, İ. (2008). Örgütsel Özdeşleşme Kavrami ve Iletişim Etkinliği Ilişkisi. Journal of Yaşar University, 3(9), 1011- 1027.
45. Turner, J. C., Hogg, M. A., Oakes, P. J., Reicher, S. D., & Wetherell, M. S. (1987). Rediscoveringthe Social Group: A Self-Categorization Theory. New York: Blackwel
46. Van Dick, R., Christ, O., Stellmacher, J., Wagner, U., Ahlswede, O., Grubba, C., … Tissington, P. A. (2004). Should I Stay or Should I Go? Explaining Turnover Intentions with Organizational Identification and Job Satisfaction. British Journal of Management, 15(4), 351–360. https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1467-8551.2004.00424.x
47. Vroom, V.H. (1964). Work and motivation, John Wiley and Sons, New York, p.99
48. Yeh, C.M. (2013). Tourism Involvement, Work Engagement and Job Satisfaction Among Frontline Hotel Employees. Annals of Tourism Research, (42)1, 214-239.
49. Zhang, Y., Guo, Y., & Newman, A. (2017). Identity Judgements, Work Engagement and Organizational Citizenship Behavior: The Mediating Effects Based on Group Engagement Model. Tourism Management, 61, 190-197.
50. Wefald, A.J., & Downey, R.G. (2009), “Construct Dimensionality of Engagement and Its Relation with Satisfaction”, Journal of Psychology, (143)1, 91-112.
51. Weiss, H. M., & Cropanzano, R. (1996). Affective Events Theory. A Theoretical Discussion of the Structure, Causes and Consequences of Affective Experiences at Work, Research in Organizational Behavior, 18(1), 1-74.