Araştırma Makalesi
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Hırvatistan Cumhuriyeti’ne Geri Dönüş Göçü

Yıl 2019, Cilt: 4 Sayı: 2, 5 - 14, 02.12.2019

Öz

Çatışma geçirmiş ülkelere yapılan Dönüş Göçü, genellikle iyileşmekte olan bir ülkede politik ilerlemenin ve başarının bir ölçütü olarak görülmektedir. Özellikle Dayton Barış Antlaşması’ndan sonra mültecilerin Hırvatistan’a geri gönderilmesi, hem barış sürecine katkıda bulunmanın bir aracıydı hem de Batı Avrupa ülkelerinin karşı karşıya olduğu mülteci yüküne bir çözümdü. Bu çalışma, ulusal ve uluslararası politika belirleyicilerinin Hırvatistan’daki mülteci geri dönüşü üzerindeki etkilerini analiz etmeyi ve uzun vadede sürdürülebilir geri dönüşü uygulamaya koymadaki sorunları incelemeyi amaçlamaktadır. Bu amaç doğrultusunda şu sorular cevaplanmaya çalışılmıştır: “Hırvatistan’da dönüş göçünü olumlu ve olumsuz olarak etkileyen faktörler nelerdir? Uluslararası toplum ve ulusal hükümet dönüş göçünü nasıl yönetmektedir? Dayton Barış Antlaşması’nın Hırvatistan’da dönüş göçü süreci üzerine etkisi nedir?” Bu bağlamda, bu çalışma hangi faktörlerin dönüş göçünü etkilediğini ve dönüş göçünün sürdürülebilirliğinde yardımların rolünün ne olduğunu ele almaktadır. Nihayetinde veriler yorumlandığında, çalışma dönüş göçünün çok zor ve yorucu bir süreç olduğunu, bu yüzden de dönüş göçü ile oluşan problemlerin tüm aktörlerin birlikte hareket etmesiyle çözülebileceğini ortaya koymaktadır. 

Kaynakça

  • Al Jazeera (2014). Ülke Profili: Hırvatistan. (Erişim: 03.09.2018), http://www.aljazeera.com.tr/ulke-profili/ulke-profili-hirvatistan
  • Albert, S. (1997). The return of refugees to Bosnia and Herzegovina: Peacebuilding with people. International Peacekeeping, 4(3), 1-23.
  • Black, R., Eastmond, M., & Gent, S. (2006). Sustainable return in the Balkans: beyond property restitution and policy. International Migration, 44(3), 5-13.
  • Dahlman, C., & Tuathail, G. Ó. (2005). The legacy of ethnic cleansing: The international community and the returns process in post-Dayton Bosnia–Herzegovina. Political Geography, 24(5), 569-599.
  • Gregurović, S., & Mlinarić, D. (2012). The Challenges of Migration Policies in Croatia: Migration History, Trends and Prospects. Association of European Migration Institutions Journal, 10, 99-113.
  • Harvey, J. (2006). Return Dynamics in Bosnia1 and Croatia: A Comparative Analysis. International Migration, 44(3), 89-144.
  • Heimerl, D. (2005). The return of refugees and internally displaced persons: From coercion to sustainability?. International Peacekeeping, 12(3), 377-390.
  • Horstein Tomić, C. (2014). Migration Activity from Croatia to Germany and Return Tendencies – An Account of Recent Developments. In: Caroline Elizabeth Hornstein Tomić, Ivan Hrstić, Filip Majetić, Marin Sopta, Ines Sabotic (eds.), Hrvatsko iseljeništvo i domovina-Razvojne perspektive, (ss 273-282). Zagreb: Institut društvenih znanosti Ivo Pilar.
  • Human Rights Watch (2003). Croatia. Broken promises: impediments to refugee return to Croatia. Human Rights Watch Paport, 15(66(D)). (Erişim: 04.08.2018), https://www.hrw.org/reports/2003/croatia0903/croatia0903.pdf
  • Huttunen, L. (2010). Sedentary policies and transnational relations: a ‘non-sustainable’case of return to Bosnia. Journal of Refugee Studies, 23(1), 41-61.
  • International Crisis Group (1999). Preventing Minority Return in Bosnia and Herzegovina:
  • the anatomy of hate and fear. Sarajevo: International Crisis Group Report, no. 73, (August 2nd 1999). (Erişim: 04.08.2018), http://www.intl-crisis-group.org/projects/sbalkans/reports/bh50main.htm
  • Knezović, S., & Grošinić, M. (2017). Migration trends in Croatia. Zagreb: Institute for Development and International Relations (IRMO)
  • KNOMAD (2015). Return Migration and Re-Integration into Croatia and Kosovo. Croatian Heritage Foundation, May 11-12, Zagreb.
  • Mesić, M., & Bagić, D. (2010). Serb Returnees in Croatia–the Question of Return Sustainability. International migration, 48(2), 133-160.
  • Mikić, L. (2005). Croatia: Challenges for Sustainable Return of Ethnic Serb Refugees. London: Minority Rights Group International, Micro study.
  • Pavlaković, V. (2009). From conflict to commemoration: Serb-Croat relations and the anniversaries of Operation Storm. In: Darko Gavrilović (ed.), Serb-Croat relations: Political cooperation and national minorities, (ss.73-82). Novi Sad: CHDR.
  • Stefanovic, D., & Loizides, N. (2017). Peaceful returns: Reversing ethnic cleansing after the Bosnian War. International Migration, 55(5), 217-234.
  • Stefansson, A. H. (2006). Homes in the making: property restitution, refugee return, and senses of belonging in a post‐war Bosnian town. International migration, 44(3), 115-139.
  • T.C. İçişleri Bakanlığı Göç İdaresi Genel Müdürlüğü (2009). Göç Terimleri Sözlüğü. (Erişim: 10.08.2018), http://www.goc.gov.tr/icerik6/goc-terimleri-sozlugu_363_382_727_icerik
  • Tuathail, G. Ó., & Dahlman, C. (2004). The effort to reverse ethnic cleansing in Bosnia-Herzegovina: The limits of returns. Eurasian Geography and Economics, 45(6), 439-464.
  • United Nations General Assembly (1995). General Framework Agreement for Peace in Bosnia and Herzegovina. (Erişim: 04.08.2018), http://peacemaker.un.org/sites/peacemaker.un.org/files/BA_951121_DaytonAgreement.pdf
  • Vidak, N. (1998). The policy of immigration in Croatia. Politička misao, 35(05), 57-75.
  • Vujadinović, S., Šabić, D., Stojković, S., & Milinčić, M. (2011). Years of refugee life in Serbia-challenges for a new beginning: stay or return home?. TRAMES: A Journal of the Humanities & Social Sciences, 15(3), 235-258.
  • World Bank (2018). Croatia. (Erişim: 08.08.2018), https://data.worldbank.org/country/croatia

Return Migration to Republic of Croatia

Yıl 2019, Cilt: 4 Sayı: 2, 5 - 14, 02.12.2019

Öz

Return Migration to post-conflict countries is often seen as a measure of success and political progress in a recovering state. Particularly, the repatriation of refugees back to Croatia following The Dayton Peace Agreement was both a means of contributing towards the peace process and a solution to the refugee burden faced by Western European countries. This study seeks to analyse the impact of national and international policy-making on the patterns of refugee return in Croatia and examine the problems of making imposed returns sustainable in the long term. In accordance with this purpose the following questions were tried to be answered: “What are the factors affecting the return migration as positive and negative in Croatia? How do the international community and national government manage the return migration? What is the impact of the Dayton Peace Agreement on the process of the return migration in Croatia?” In this context, this study addresses which factors influence the return migration and what the role of assistance is in sustainable return. Ultimately when datas was interpreted, the study reveals that the return migration is a too hard and exhausting process, therefore that the problems emerged by the return migration can be solved by all actors acting together.

Kaynakça

  • Al Jazeera (2014). Ülke Profili: Hırvatistan. (Erişim: 03.09.2018), http://www.aljazeera.com.tr/ulke-profili/ulke-profili-hirvatistan
  • Albert, S. (1997). The return of refugees to Bosnia and Herzegovina: Peacebuilding with people. International Peacekeeping, 4(3), 1-23.
  • Black, R., Eastmond, M., & Gent, S. (2006). Sustainable return in the Balkans: beyond property restitution and policy. International Migration, 44(3), 5-13.
  • Dahlman, C., & Tuathail, G. Ó. (2005). The legacy of ethnic cleansing: The international community and the returns process in post-Dayton Bosnia–Herzegovina. Political Geography, 24(5), 569-599.
  • Gregurović, S., & Mlinarić, D. (2012). The Challenges of Migration Policies in Croatia: Migration History, Trends and Prospects. Association of European Migration Institutions Journal, 10, 99-113.
  • Harvey, J. (2006). Return Dynamics in Bosnia1 and Croatia: A Comparative Analysis. International Migration, 44(3), 89-144.
  • Heimerl, D. (2005). The return of refugees and internally displaced persons: From coercion to sustainability?. International Peacekeeping, 12(3), 377-390.
  • Horstein Tomić, C. (2014). Migration Activity from Croatia to Germany and Return Tendencies – An Account of Recent Developments. In: Caroline Elizabeth Hornstein Tomić, Ivan Hrstić, Filip Majetić, Marin Sopta, Ines Sabotic (eds.), Hrvatsko iseljeništvo i domovina-Razvojne perspektive, (ss 273-282). Zagreb: Institut društvenih znanosti Ivo Pilar.
  • Human Rights Watch (2003). Croatia. Broken promises: impediments to refugee return to Croatia. Human Rights Watch Paport, 15(66(D)). (Erişim: 04.08.2018), https://www.hrw.org/reports/2003/croatia0903/croatia0903.pdf
  • Huttunen, L. (2010). Sedentary policies and transnational relations: a ‘non-sustainable’case of return to Bosnia. Journal of Refugee Studies, 23(1), 41-61.
  • International Crisis Group (1999). Preventing Minority Return in Bosnia and Herzegovina:
  • the anatomy of hate and fear. Sarajevo: International Crisis Group Report, no. 73, (August 2nd 1999). (Erişim: 04.08.2018), http://www.intl-crisis-group.org/projects/sbalkans/reports/bh50main.htm
  • Knezović, S., & Grošinić, M. (2017). Migration trends in Croatia. Zagreb: Institute for Development and International Relations (IRMO)
  • KNOMAD (2015). Return Migration and Re-Integration into Croatia and Kosovo. Croatian Heritage Foundation, May 11-12, Zagreb.
  • Mesić, M., & Bagić, D. (2010). Serb Returnees in Croatia–the Question of Return Sustainability. International migration, 48(2), 133-160.
  • Mikić, L. (2005). Croatia: Challenges for Sustainable Return of Ethnic Serb Refugees. London: Minority Rights Group International, Micro study.
  • Pavlaković, V. (2009). From conflict to commemoration: Serb-Croat relations and the anniversaries of Operation Storm. In: Darko Gavrilović (ed.), Serb-Croat relations: Political cooperation and national minorities, (ss.73-82). Novi Sad: CHDR.
  • Stefanovic, D., & Loizides, N. (2017). Peaceful returns: Reversing ethnic cleansing after the Bosnian War. International Migration, 55(5), 217-234.
  • Stefansson, A. H. (2006). Homes in the making: property restitution, refugee return, and senses of belonging in a post‐war Bosnian town. International migration, 44(3), 115-139.
  • T.C. İçişleri Bakanlığı Göç İdaresi Genel Müdürlüğü (2009). Göç Terimleri Sözlüğü. (Erişim: 10.08.2018), http://www.goc.gov.tr/icerik6/goc-terimleri-sozlugu_363_382_727_icerik
  • Tuathail, G. Ó., & Dahlman, C. (2004). The effort to reverse ethnic cleansing in Bosnia-Herzegovina: The limits of returns. Eurasian Geography and Economics, 45(6), 439-464.
  • United Nations General Assembly (1995). General Framework Agreement for Peace in Bosnia and Herzegovina. (Erişim: 04.08.2018), http://peacemaker.un.org/sites/peacemaker.un.org/files/BA_951121_DaytonAgreement.pdf
  • Vidak, N. (1998). The policy of immigration in Croatia. Politička misao, 35(05), 57-75.
  • Vujadinović, S., Šabić, D., Stojković, S., & Milinčić, M. (2011). Years of refugee life in Serbia-challenges for a new beginning: stay or return home?. TRAMES: A Journal of the Humanities & Social Sciences, 15(3), 235-258.
  • World Bank (2018). Croatia. (Erişim: 08.08.2018), https://data.worldbank.org/country/croatia
Toplam 25 adet kaynakça vardır.

Ayrıntılar

Birincil Dil Türkçe
Bölüm Araştırma Makalesi
Yazarlar

Nesrin Kenar 0000-0002-6350-7744

Mertcan Yoldaş

Yayımlanma Tarihi 2 Aralık 2019
Yayımlandığı Sayı Yıl 2019 Cilt: 4 Sayı: 2

Kaynak Göster

APA Kenar, N., & Yoldaş, M. (2019). Hırvatistan Cumhuriyeti’ne Geri Dönüş Göçü. JOEEP: Journal of Emerging Economies and Policy, 4(2), 5-14.

The sole purpose of JOEEP is to be a prestigious journal which contributes to scientific knowledge. In order to keep this purpose, JOEEP, adopts and follows the publication policies of world’s prestigious scientific journals. All original and qualified works which may contribute to the scientific knowledge, are evaluated through a rigorous editorial and peer review process. Hereby, JOEEP is a peer reviewed and scientific journal. It strictly depends on the scientific principles, rules and ethical framework that are required to this qualification.

JOEEP is published as two issues per year June and December and all publication policies and processes are conducted according to the international standards. JOEEP accepts and publishes the research articles in the fields of economics, political economy, fiscal economics, applied economics, business economics, labour economics and econometrics. JOEEP, without depending on any institution or organization, is a non-profit journal that has an International Editorial Board specialist on their fields. All “Publication Process” and “Writing Guidelines” are explained in the related title and it is expected from authors to Show a complete match to the rules. JOEEP is an open Access journal.