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THE EFFECT OF ECONOMIC GROWTH ON LIFE EXPECTANCY AT BIRTH: EMPIRICAL FINDINGS FROM G7 COUNTRIES

Yıl 2025, Sayı: 1, 45 - 54, 29.09.2025

Tuğba Konuk

https://doi.org/10.35345/johmal.1778290

Öz

The relationship between economic growth and health indicators is a frequently discussed topic in economic literature. Life expectancy at birth is not only a health indicator showing the average lifespan of individuals, but also an important factor determining the quality of human capital and long-term economic development potential. A healthy population contributes to economic growth by participating in production for longer, obtaining higher returns from education, and transferring knowledge. Conversely, growth also increases life expectancy by allocating more resources to health spending and infrastructure.
This study examines the effect of economic growth on life expectancy at birth in G7 countries for the period 2000–2021 using panel data analysis. The selected period is critical as it encompasses important developments such as the global financial crisis, sustainable development goals, and the COVID-19 pandemic. Life expectancy at birth was used as the dependent variable in the model, GDP per capita as the independent variable, and infant mortality rates as the control variable. The Driscoll-Kraay robust estimator was applied to address heteroscedasticity, autocorrelation, and inter-unit correlation issues.
The analysis results show that economic growth significantly increases life expectancy. According to the findings, a 1% increase in growth raises life expectancy by approximately 0.04%. Conversely, a 1% increase in infant mortality reduces life expectancy by 0.06%. These results confirm the decisive role of health infrastructure and early childhood services in public health.
While consistent with findings in the literature, the results obtained for G7 countries indicate that health and economic policies must be addressed together.

Anahtar Kelimeler

Economic Growth Life Expectancy G7 Panel Data Analysis

Kaynakça

  • Baltagi, B. H. (2005). Econometric analysis of panel data (3rd ed.). John Wiley & Sons.
  • Chen, Z., Hua, J., Wang, Y., & Guo, H. (2021). Impacts from economic development and environmental factors on life expectancy: A comparative study based on data from both developed and developing countries from 2004 to 2016. International Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health, 18(16), 8559. https://doi.org/10.3390/ijerph18168559
  • Darie, F., Proscanu, C., Zemeleagă, C., & Prinz, E. (2024). Evaluating the impact of demographic shifts: A comparative analysis of economic and social consequences in G7 and BRICS nations. In Proceedings of the International Conference on Economics and Social Sciences. https://doi.org/10.24818/icess/2024/021
  • Driscoll, J. C., & Kraay, A. C. (1998). Consistent covariance matrix estimation with spatially dependent panel data. Review of Economics and Statistics, 80(4), 549–560. https://doi.org/10.1162/003465398557825
  • Ertürkmen, G., & Konuk, T. (2025). The impact of financial development on unemployment: Panel data analysis for BRICS-T countries. Uluslararası İktisadi ve İdari Akademik Araştırmalar Dergisi, 5(1), 45–53.
  • Gürler, M., & Özsoy, Ö. (2018). Exploring the relationship between life expectancy at birth and economic growth in 56 developing countries. Journal of Global Health Reports, 2, e2019001. https://doi.org/10.29392/joghr.2.e2019001
  • He, L., & Li, N. (2018). The linkages between life expectancy and economic growth: Some new evidence. Empirical Economics, 58(6), 2381–2402. https://doi.org/10.1007/s00181-018-1612-7
  • Jakovljevic, M., Timofeyev, Y., Ranabhat, C., Fernandes, P., Teixeira, J., Rančić, N., & Reshetnikov, V. (2020). Real GDP growth rates and healthcare spending – Comparison between the G7 and the EM7 countries. Globalization and Health, 16(1). https://doi.org/10.1186/s12992-020-00590-3
  • Jalili, A., Panahi, H., & Sojoodi, S. (2021). Investigating the causal relationship between woman’s health and economic growth in groups D8 and G7 countries. Quality & Quantity, 56, 359–374. https://doi.org/10.1007/s11135-021-01133-7
  • Konuk, T. (2024). Uluslararası göçün göç alan ülkeler açısından ekonomik belirleyicileri: G7 ülkeleri için panel veri analizi. Akademik Birikim Dergisi, 7(5), 926–935. https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.14583342
  • Konuk, T. (2025). Ar-Ge harcamalarının ekonomik büyüme üzerine etkisi: BRICS-T ülkeleri için panel veri analizi. Dicle Akademi Dergisi, 5(1), 109–118. https://doi.org/10.61964/dade.1635720
  • Kouton, J., N’guessan, C., & Ayivodji, F. (2018). Threshold effects of health on economic growth in Sub-Saharan African countries: Evidence from a dynamic panel threshold model. Journal of Economics and Development, 6(4). https://doi.org/10.15640/jeds.v6n4a3
  • Lal, B. (2023). Demographic and socio-economic development—Evidence from G7 countries. Studies in Social Science & Humanities, 2(3). https://doi.org/10.56397/sssh.2023.08.03
  • Miladinov, G. (2020). Socioeconomic development and life expectancy relationship: Evidence from the EU accession candidate countries. Genus, 76(1). https://doi.org/10.1186/s41118-019-0071-0
  • Ngangué, N., & Manfred, K. (2015). The impact of life expectancy on economic growth in developing countries. Asian Economic and Financial Review, 5(4), 653–660. https://doi.org/10.18488/journal.aefr/2015.5.4/102.4.653.660
  • Roffia, P., Bucciol, A., & Hashlamoun, S. (2022). Determinants of life expectancy at birth: A longitudinal study on OECD countries. International Journal of Health Economics and Management, 23(2), 189–212. https://doi.org/10.1007/s10754-022-09338-5
  • Shafi, R., & Fatima, S. (2019). Relationship between GDP, life expectancy and growth rate of G7 countries. International Journal of Sciences, 8(12). https://doi.org/10.18483/IJSCI.2085
  • Yerdelen Tatoğlu, F. (2020). Panel veri ekonometrisi. Beta Yayıncılık.
  • Zeiri, R., Bouzir, A., Mbarek, M., & Benammou, S. (2023). The link between economic growth, air pollution and health expenditure in the G7 countries. International Journal of Energy Economics and Policy, 13(3), 256–266. https://doi.org/10.32479/ijeep.14480

EKONOMİK BÜYÜMENİN DOĞUŞTA YAŞAM BEKLENTİSİNE ETKİSİ: G7 ÜLKELERİNDEN AMPİRİK BULGULAR

Yıl 2025, Sayı: 1, 45 - 54, 29.09.2025

Tuğba Konuk

https://doi.org/10.35345/johmal.1778290

Öz

Ekonomik büyüme ile sağlık göstergeleri arasındaki ilişki, iktisat literatüründe sıkça tartışılan konular arasındadır. Doğuşta yaşam beklentisi, yalnızca bireylerin ortalama yaşam süresini gösteren bir sağlık göstergesi değil, aynı zamanda beşeri sermayenin niteliğini ve uzun vadeli ekonomik kalkınma potansiyelini belirleyen önemli bir faktördür. Sağlıklı nüfusun daha uzun süre üretime katılması, eğitimden daha yüksek verim elde etmesi ve bilgi birikimini aktarması, ekonomik büyümeyi desteklemektedir. Buna karşılık, büyümenin de sağlık harcamalarına ve altyapıya daha fazla kaynak ayırarak yaşam süresini artırıcı etkiler yarattığı görülmektedir.
Bu çalışma, G7 ülkelerinde ekonomik büyümenin doğuşta yaşam beklentisi üzerindeki etkisini 2000–2021 dönemi için panel veri analizi yöntemiyle incelemektedir. Seçilen dönem, küresel finans krizi, sürdürülebilir kalkınma hedefleri ve COVID-19 pandemisi gibi önemli gelişmeleri kapsaması açısından kritik öneme sahiptir. Modelde bağımlı değişken olarak doğuşta yaşam beklentisi, bağımsız değişken olarak kişi başına GSYH ve kontrol değişkeni olarak bebek ölüm oranları kullanılmıştır. Heteroskedastisite, otokorelasyon ve birimler arası korelasyon sorunlarına karşı Driscoll-Kraay dirençli tahmincisi uygulanmıştır.
Analiz sonuçları, ekonomik büyümenin yaşam beklentisini anlamlı biçimde artırdığını göstermektedir. Bulgulara göre büyümede %1’lik artış, yaşam beklentisini yaklaşık %0,04 oranında yükseltmektedir. Buna karşın bebek ölümlerinde %1’lik artış, yaşam beklentisini %0,06 oranında azaltmaktadır. Bu sonuçlar, sağlık altyapısı ve erken çocukluk hizmetlerinin toplum sağlığında belirleyici rolünü doğrulamaktadır.
Çalışma, literatürdeki bulgularla uyumlu olmakla birlikte, G7 ülkeleri için elde edilen sonuçlar, sağlık ve ekonomi politikalarının birlikte ele alınması gerektiğine işaret etmektedir.

Anahtar Kelimeler

Ekonomik Büyüme Yaşam Beklentisi G7 Panel Veri Analizi

Kaynakça

  • Baltagi, B. H. (2005). Econometric analysis of panel data (3rd ed.). John Wiley & Sons.
  • Chen, Z., Hua, J., Wang, Y., & Guo, H. (2021). Impacts from economic development and environmental factors on life expectancy: A comparative study based on data from both developed and developing countries from 2004 to 2016. International Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health, 18(16), 8559. https://doi.org/10.3390/ijerph18168559
  • Darie, F., Proscanu, C., Zemeleagă, C., & Prinz, E. (2024). Evaluating the impact of demographic shifts: A comparative analysis of economic and social consequences in G7 and BRICS nations. In Proceedings of the International Conference on Economics and Social Sciences. https://doi.org/10.24818/icess/2024/021
  • Driscoll, J. C., & Kraay, A. C. (1998). Consistent covariance matrix estimation with spatially dependent panel data. Review of Economics and Statistics, 80(4), 549–560. https://doi.org/10.1162/003465398557825
  • Ertürkmen, G., & Konuk, T. (2025). The impact of financial development on unemployment: Panel data analysis for BRICS-T countries. Uluslararası İktisadi ve İdari Akademik Araştırmalar Dergisi, 5(1), 45–53.
  • Gürler, M., & Özsoy, Ö. (2018). Exploring the relationship between life expectancy at birth and economic growth in 56 developing countries. Journal of Global Health Reports, 2, e2019001. https://doi.org/10.29392/joghr.2.e2019001
  • He, L., & Li, N. (2018). The linkages between life expectancy and economic growth: Some new evidence. Empirical Economics, 58(6), 2381–2402. https://doi.org/10.1007/s00181-018-1612-7
  • Jakovljevic, M., Timofeyev, Y., Ranabhat, C., Fernandes, P., Teixeira, J., Rančić, N., & Reshetnikov, V. (2020). Real GDP growth rates and healthcare spending – Comparison between the G7 and the EM7 countries. Globalization and Health, 16(1). https://doi.org/10.1186/s12992-020-00590-3
  • Jalili, A., Panahi, H., & Sojoodi, S. (2021). Investigating the causal relationship between woman’s health and economic growth in groups D8 and G7 countries. Quality & Quantity, 56, 359–374. https://doi.org/10.1007/s11135-021-01133-7
  • Konuk, T. (2024). Uluslararası göçün göç alan ülkeler açısından ekonomik belirleyicileri: G7 ülkeleri için panel veri analizi. Akademik Birikim Dergisi, 7(5), 926–935. https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.14583342
  • Konuk, T. (2025). Ar-Ge harcamalarının ekonomik büyüme üzerine etkisi: BRICS-T ülkeleri için panel veri analizi. Dicle Akademi Dergisi, 5(1), 109–118. https://doi.org/10.61964/dade.1635720
  • Kouton, J., N’guessan, C., & Ayivodji, F. (2018). Threshold effects of health on economic growth in Sub-Saharan African countries: Evidence from a dynamic panel threshold model. Journal of Economics and Development, 6(4). https://doi.org/10.15640/jeds.v6n4a3
  • Lal, B. (2023). Demographic and socio-economic development—Evidence from G7 countries. Studies in Social Science & Humanities, 2(3). https://doi.org/10.56397/sssh.2023.08.03
  • Miladinov, G. (2020). Socioeconomic development and life expectancy relationship: Evidence from the EU accession candidate countries. Genus, 76(1). https://doi.org/10.1186/s41118-019-0071-0
  • Ngangué, N., & Manfred, K. (2015). The impact of life expectancy on economic growth in developing countries. Asian Economic and Financial Review, 5(4), 653–660. https://doi.org/10.18488/journal.aefr/2015.5.4/102.4.653.660
  • Roffia, P., Bucciol, A., & Hashlamoun, S. (2022). Determinants of life expectancy at birth: A longitudinal study on OECD countries. International Journal of Health Economics and Management, 23(2), 189–212. https://doi.org/10.1007/s10754-022-09338-5
  • Shafi, R., & Fatima, S. (2019). Relationship between GDP, life expectancy and growth rate of G7 countries. International Journal of Sciences, 8(12). https://doi.org/10.18483/IJSCI.2085
  • Yerdelen Tatoğlu, F. (2020). Panel veri ekonometrisi. Beta Yayıncılık.
  • Zeiri, R., Bouzir, A., Mbarek, M., & Benammou, S. (2023). The link between economic growth, air pollution and health expenditure in the G7 countries. International Journal of Energy Economics and Policy, 13(3), 256–266. https://doi.org/10.32479/ijeep.14480

Yıl 2025, Sayı: 1, 45 - 54, 29.09.2025

Tuğba Konuk

https://doi.org/10.35345/johmal.1778290

Öz

Kaynakça

  • Baltagi, B. H. (2005). Econometric analysis of panel data (3rd ed.). John Wiley & Sons.
  • Chen, Z., Hua, J., Wang, Y., & Guo, H. (2021). Impacts from economic development and environmental factors on life expectancy: A comparative study based on data from both developed and developing countries from 2004 to 2016. International Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health, 18(16), 8559. https://doi.org/10.3390/ijerph18168559
  • Darie, F., Proscanu, C., Zemeleagă, C., & Prinz, E. (2024). Evaluating the impact of demographic shifts: A comparative analysis of economic and social consequences in G7 and BRICS nations. In Proceedings of the International Conference on Economics and Social Sciences. https://doi.org/10.24818/icess/2024/021
  • Driscoll, J. C., & Kraay, A. C. (1998). Consistent covariance matrix estimation with spatially dependent panel data. Review of Economics and Statistics, 80(4), 549–560. https://doi.org/10.1162/003465398557825
  • Ertürkmen, G., & Konuk, T. (2025). The impact of financial development on unemployment: Panel data analysis for BRICS-T countries. Uluslararası İktisadi ve İdari Akademik Araştırmalar Dergisi, 5(1), 45–53.
  • Gürler, M., & Özsoy, Ö. (2018). Exploring the relationship between life expectancy at birth and economic growth in 56 developing countries. Journal of Global Health Reports, 2, e2019001. https://doi.org/10.29392/joghr.2.e2019001
  • He, L., & Li, N. (2018). The linkages between life expectancy and economic growth: Some new evidence. Empirical Economics, 58(6), 2381–2402. https://doi.org/10.1007/s00181-018-1612-7
  • Jakovljevic, M., Timofeyev, Y., Ranabhat, C., Fernandes, P., Teixeira, J., Rančić, N., & Reshetnikov, V. (2020). Real GDP growth rates and healthcare spending – Comparison between the G7 and the EM7 countries. Globalization and Health, 16(1). https://doi.org/10.1186/s12992-020-00590-3
  • Jalili, A., Panahi, H., & Sojoodi, S. (2021). Investigating the causal relationship between woman’s health and economic growth in groups D8 and G7 countries. Quality & Quantity, 56, 359–374. https://doi.org/10.1007/s11135-021-01133-7
  • Konuk, T. (2024). Uluslararası göçün göç alan ülkeler açısından ekonomik belirleyicileri: G7 ülkeleri için panel veri analizi. Akademik Birikim Dergisi, 7(5), 926–935. https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.14583342
  • Konuk, T. (2025). Ar-Ge harcamalarının ekonomik büyüme üzerine etkisi: BRICS-T ülkeleri için panel veri analizi. Dicle Akademi Dergisi, 5(1), 109–118. https://doi.org/10.61964/dade.1635720
  • Kouton, J., N’guessan, C., & Ayivodji, F. (2018). Threshold effects of health on economic growth in Sub-Saharan African countries: Evidence from a dynamic panel threshold model. Journal of Economics and Development, 6(4). https://doi.org/10.15640/jeds.v6n4a3
  • Lal, B. (2023). Demographic and socio-economic development—Evidence from G7 countries. Studies in Social Science & Humanities, 2(3). https://doi.org/10.56397/sssh.2023.08.03
  • Miladinov, G. (2020). Socioeconomic development and life expectancy relationship: Evidence from the EU accession candidate countries. Genus, 76(1). https://doi.org/10.1186/s41118-019-0071-0
  • Ngangué, N., & Manfred, K. (2015). The impact of life expectancy on economic growth in developing countries. Asian Economic and Financial Review, 5(4), 653–660. https://doi.org/10.18488/journal.aefr/2015.5.4/102.4.653.660
  • Roffia, P., Bucciol, A., & Hashlamoun, S. (2022). Determinants of life expectancy at birth: A longitudinal study on OECD countries. International Journal of Health Economics and Management, 23(2), 189–212. https://doi.org/10.1007/s10754-022-09338-5
  • Shafi, R., & Fatima, S. (2019). Relationship between GDP, life expectancy and growth rate of G7 countries. International Journal of Sciences, 8(12). https://doi.org/10.18483/IJSCI.2085
  • Yerdelen Tatoğlu, F. (2020). Panel veri ekonometrisi. Beta Yayıncılık.
  • Zeiri, R., Bouzir, A., Mbarek, M., & Benammou, S. (2023). The link between economic growth, air pollution and health expenditure in the G7 countries. International Journal of Energy Economics and Policy, 13(3), 256–266. https://doi.org/10.32479/ijeep.14480
Toplam 19 adet kaynakça vardır.

Ayrıntılar

Birincil Dil Türkçe
Konular Sağlık Politikası
Bölüm Articles
Yazarlar

Tuğba Konuk 0000-0002-7381-4131

Yayımlanma Tarihi 29 Eylül 2025
Gönderilme Tarihi 4 Eylül 2025
Kabul Tarihi 22 Eylül 2025
Yayımlandığı Sayı Yıl 2025 Sayı: 1

Kaynak Göster

APA Konuk, T. (2025). EKONOMİK BÜYÜMENİN DOĞUŞTA YAŞAM BEKLENTİSİNE ETKİSİ: G7 ÜLKELERİNDEN AMPİRİK BULGULAR. Journal of Healthcare Management and Leadership(1), 45-54. https://doi.org/10.35345/johmal.1778290
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