The Importance of The Atlas Vertebra and Its Variations

Yıl 2016, Cilt: 2 Sayı: 4, 134 - 137, 29.12.2016

Hüseyin Baylan

Öz

Rutin osteoloji uygulamasında varyasyonel bir atlas karşımıza çıkabilir çünkü atlas omuru insandaki en çok varyasyona sahip omurdur. Boyna yapılan cerrahi operasyonlarda özellikle atlas omurunun varyasyonları cerrahlar tarafından önceden bilinmelidir çünkü atlas omuru ile çok yakın seyreden arteria vertebralis’lerin hasarlanması önlenmelidir. Arteria vertebralis’lerin meninksleri, dura mater’i, omuriliğin boyun kısmını ve spinal gangliyonları kanlandırmasından dolayı bu arterin hasarı vertebrobasiler iskemiye bağlı migren, vertigo, diplopia gibi durumlara yol açabilir. Vertebral venler ve arterin etrafındaki sinir pleksusu da atlasın travmalarında incinip klinik semptom ve komplikasyonları zenginleştirebilir.

Anahtar Kelimeler

atlas vertebra, processus transversus, varyasyon

Kaynakça

• Susan Standring, Gray's anatomy: the anatomical basis of clinical practice. (Elsevier Health Sciences, 2015).
• C Taitz, H Nathan, and B Arensburg, Journal of Neurology, Neurosurgery & Psychiatry 41 (2), 170 (1978).
• C Gupta, P Radhakrishnan, Vikram Palimar, Antony Sylvan D’souza, and NL Kiruba, J Morphol Sci 30 (2), 77 (2013).
• GOKSIN Sengul and HH Kadiaglu, Turkish neurosurgery 16 (2), 69 (2006).
• Tarik H Abd El-Bary, Manuel Dujovny, and James I Ausman, Surgical neurology 44 (4), 392 (1995).
• Paul Bundi Karau and Paul Odula, Anatomy Journal of Africa 2 (1), 61 (2013).
• Bernard George and Jan Cornelius, Operative techniques in Neurosurgery 4 (4), 168 (2001); Arnold H Menezes and Vincent C Traynelis, Child's Nervous System 24 (10), 1091 (2008); MG Yasargil, Stuttgart: Georg Thieme Verlag 119 (1969).
• Eduardo Seoane and Albert L Rhoton, Surgical neurology 51 (5), 500 (1999).
• Müge Sandikçioğlu, SØren Skov, and Beni Solow, The European Journal of Orthodontics 16 (2), 96 (1994).
• Jarostaw Wysocki, Mariusz Bubrowski, Jerzy Reymond, and Jan Kwiatkowski, Folia Morphologica-Warszawa-English Edition 62 (4), 357 (2003).
• Robert Wayne Bailey, The cervical spine. (Lea & Febiger, 1974).
• Qudusia Sultana, Ramakrishna Avadhani, KL Varalakshmi, and MH Shariff, Nitte University Journal of Health Science 5 (2) (2015).
• N Vasudeva and R Kumar, Cells Tissues Organs 152 (3), 230 (1995).
• R Shane Tubbs, Philip C Johnson, Mohammadali M Shoja, Marios Loukas, and W Jerry Oakes, Journal of Neurosurgery: Spine 6 (1), 31 (2007).
• Satheesha Nayak, Venkata Ramana Vollala, and Deepthinath Raghunathan, Neuroanatomy 4, 39 (2005).
• Satheesha Nayak, Neuroanatomy 6, 28 (2007).
• RJ Terry and M Trotter, in Morris' human anatomy: a complete systematic treatise (The Blakiston New York, 1953), pp. 288; H Sherk and W Parke, Philadelphia: JB Lippincott, 1989).
• Servikal Omurgada Aksesuar Transvers Foramen, Turkish neurosurgery 21 (3), 384 (2011).
• Divya Agrawal, Biswa Bhusan Mohanty, Sunita Sethy, Bijaylaxmi Parija, Santosh Kumar Hazary, and Prafulla Kumar Chinara, Int J Cur Res 4, 120 (2012); LA Hadley, The American journal of roentgenology, radium therapy, and nuclear medicine 80 (2), 306 (1958); SE Hyyppä, EM Laasonen, and V Halonen, Neuroradiology 7 (1), 49 (1974).
• AM Levine and CC Edwards, The Orthopedic clinics of North America 17 (1), 31 (1986).
• John A Gehweiler Jr, Denise E Duff, Salutario Martinez, Michael D Miller,and William M Clark, Skeletal Radiology 1 (2), 97 (1976).
• CP Johnson, T How, M Scraggs, CR West, and J Burns, Forensic science international 109 (3), 169 (2000).
• Tzung-Shiahn Sheen, K Lawrence Yen, Jenq-Yuh Ko, and Mow-Ming Hsu, Otolaryngology-Head and Neck Surgery 122 (2), 284 (2000).
• Nabil A Ebraheim, Rongming Xu, Muhammad Ahmad, and Bruce Heck, Spine 23 (3), 320 (1998)
• A Krishnamurthy, SR Nayak, S Khan, Latha V Prabhu, Lakshmi A Ramanathan, C Ganesh Kumar, and A Prasad Sinha, Rom J Morphol Embryol 48 (3), 263 (2007); Ahmet Kavakli, Atif Aydinlioglu, Hakki Yesilyurt, Ilter Kus, Semih Diyarbakirli, Saadet Erdem, and Omer Anlar, Saudi medical journal 25 (3), 322 (2004).,A Krishnamurthy, SR Nayak, S Khan, Latha V Prabhu, Lakshmi A Ramanathan, C Ganesh Kumar, and A Prasad Sinha, Rom J Morphol Embryol 48 (3), 263 (2007); Ahmet Kavakli, Atif Aydinlioglu, Hakki Yesilyurt, Ilter Kus, Semih Diyarbakirli, Saadet Erdem, and Omer Anlar, Saudi medical journal 25 (3), 322 (2004).
• M Buna, W Coghlan, M deGruchy, D Williams, and O Zmiywsky, Journal of Manipulative and Physiological therapeutics 7 (4), 261 (1984); BGH Lamberty and S �ivanovi�, Cells Tissues Organs 85 (1), 113 (1973); J Mitchell, Cells Tissues Organs 163 (2), 113 (1998); C Taitz and H Nathan, Cells Tissues Organs 127 (3), 212 (1986).,M Buna, W Coghlan, M deGruchy, D Williams, and O Zmiywsky, Journal of Manipulative and Physiological therapeutics 7 (4), 261 (1984); BGH Lamberty and S �ivanovi�, Cells Tissues Organs 85 (1), 113 (1973); J Mitchell, Cells Tissues Organs 163 (2), 113 (1998); C Taitz and H Nathan, Cells Tissues Organs 127 (3), 212 (1986).