Turizm ve Turist Rehberliğinde Anlamlı İş: Sistematik Bir Literatür Taraması

Öz

Bu çalışma, turizm ve turist rehberliği alanlarında anlamlı iş kavramının gelişimini sistematik olarak incelemeyi amaçlamaktadır. PRISMA protokolüne uygun olarak, 2009–2024 yılları arasında yayımlanmış 31 ampirik ve kavramsal çalışma içerik analizi yöntemiyle analiz edilmiştir. Literatür, yayımlandığı yıllar, dergiler, araştırma desenleri, örneklem türleri ve tematik odaklar açısından değerlendirilmiştir. Bulgular, turizm çalışanlarında anlamlı iş algısını şekillendiren altı temel temayı ortaya koymaktadır: (1) topluma katkı ve başkalarına hizmet, (2) kişisel kimlik ve “çağrı” ile uyum, (3) maneviyat ve iş ilişkileri, (4) etik liderlik ve değer odaklı yönetim, (5) özerklik ve esneklik gibi iş tasarımı unsurları ve (6) çevresel ve sosyal sorumluluk farkındalığı. Turizmde anlamlı iş üzerine çalışmaların hâlen sınırlı ve dağınık olduğu, özellikle turist rehberliği bağlamında çok az çalışmanın yapıldığı görülmektedir. Çalışma, kuşak beklentileri, iş güvencesizliği, örgütsel adaletsizlik ve dijital dönüşüm gibi konularla anlamlı işin ilişkilendirilmesine yönelik araştırma boşluklarını da belirterek, anlamlı iş kavramının turizm alanındaki kuramsal gelişimine katkı sağlamakta ve gelecekteki çalışmalara yön verecek pratik öneriler sunmaktadır.

Anahtar Kelimeler

• Anlamlı iş
• turizm
• turist rehberliği
• sistematik literatür taraması

Meaningful Work in Tourism and Tour Guiding: A Systematic Literature Review

Öz

This study aims to systematically examine the development of the concept of meaningful work within the fields of tourism and tour guiding. Using the PRISMA protocol, 31 empirical and conceptual studies published between 2009 and 2024 were analyzed with content analysis. The review explores trends in publication years, journal outlets, research designs, sample groups, and thematic focuses. The findings reveal six key thematic clusters that shape tourism employees' perception of meaningful work: (1) social contribution and service to others, (2) alignment with personal identity and calling, (3) spirituality and interpersonal relationships, (4) ethical leadership and value-based management, (5) job design elements such as autonomy and flexibility, and (6) environmental and social responsibility awareness. The review highlights that studies on meaningful work in tourism are still limited and fragmented, with very few focused specifically on tour guiding. In addition to offering a thematic synthesis, the study identifies several research gaps related to examining the relationships of generational expectations, job precarity, organizational injustice, and digital transformation with meaningful work. This review provides both theoretical and practical contributions by mapping the evolving discourse on meaningful work and offering future research directions to better understand its implications in tourism and hospitality contexts.

Anahtar Kelimeler

• Meaningful work
• tourism
• tourist guiding
• systematic literature review

Kaynakça

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