Denizcilik Sektöründeki İş Yükü Çalışmalarının Bibliyometrik ve Nitel Analizi

Öz

Deniz trafiği, paydaşlar, ekipman, çevre ve teknoloji gibi birçok unsurların birlikte çalışmasını gerektiren sosyo-teknik bir sistemdir. Kıyı bölgelerinde izlenen gemi sayısının artması, operasyonların çeşitliliği ve miktarı nedeniyle deniz trafiğindeki paydaşların iş yükü de artmıştır. Bu çalışma, denizcilik alanında yürütülen iş yükü çalışmalarının tüm paydaşları kapsayacak şekilde kapsamlı bir analizini yapmayı amaçlamaktadır. Veri toplama aracı olarak Scopus ve Web of Science (WoS) veri tabanları kullanılmıştır. 'Denizcilikte iş yükü' kavramıyla ilişkilendirilmiş anahtar kelimelerle yapılan arama sonucunda 372 akademik yayın elde edilmiştir. Analizlerde VOSviewer Bibliyometrik Veri Analizi Aracı ve MAXQDA Analytics Pro 22 Yazılımı kullanılarak bibliyometrik ve nitel veri analizi yapılmıştır. Buna göre, belirtilen alanda en çok yayın (Y) yapan ve atıf (A) alan yazarların Murai K. (Y-41; A-200), Hayashi Y. (Y-30; A-196) ve Okazaki T. (Y-15; A-82) olduğu görülmüştür. 56 yayınla Japonya birinci sırada, onu sırasıyla ABD (39), Çin (35) ve İngiltere (27) izlemektedir. Ayrıca, Japonya ve ABD bu araştırma alanında iş birliği yapan iki ülkedir. Yaygın olarak kullanılan terimler arasında mental iş yükü, gemi, emniyet, performans, insan faktörü, yorgunluk, simülatör ve kalp hızı, nazal sıcaklık, EEG ve tükürük amilazı gibi fizyolojik ölçüm teknikleri bulunmaktadır. Psikososyal değişkenlerin en fazla 2021 yılında çalışıldığı görülmektedir. İş yükü çalışmalarında, deniz trafik operatörlerinin "zihinsel iş yükü" çalışmaları olsa da, bu alanda gemi insanları, stajyerler, kılavuz kaptanlar ve gemi kaptanları gibi "köprüüstü ekibi" ile ilgili araştırmaların baskın olduğunu görülmektedir.

Anahtar Kelimeler

• Denizcilik
• İş Yükü
• Bibliyometrik Analiz
• VOSviewer
• MAXQDA

Bibliometric and Qualitative Analysis of Workload Studies in the Maritime Sector

Öz

Maritime traffic is a socio-technical system that requires the collaboration of many elements such as stakeholders, equipment, environment, and technology. The workload for stakeholders in marine traffic has increased due to the growing number of monitored ships in coastal areas, as well as the variety and amount of operations. This study aims to conduct a comprehensive analysis of workload studies conducted in the maritime domain, encompassing all stakeholders. In doing so, the goal is to reveal changes over the years, identify collaborative areas, and enhance the understanding of the concept. The Scopus and Web of Science (WoS) databases were used as the data collection tool. A search was conducted with keywords associated with the concept of 'workload in maritime,' leading to the analysis of 372 relevant documents. VOSviewer Bibliometric Data Analysis Tool and MAXQDA Analytics Pro 22 Software were employed in the analyses. After the data from the two databases were combined, it was found that the authors with the most publications (P) and citations (C) in this field are Murai K. (P-41; C-200), Hayashi Y. (P-30; C-196), and Okazaki T. (P-15; C-82). With 56 publications, Japan is in first place, followed by the US (39), China (35), and the UK (27). Additionally, Japan and the US are two countries in collaboration. Among the commonly used terms in this research are mental workload, vessel, safety, performance, human factors, tiredness, simulator, and physiological measuring techniques including heart rate, nasal temperature, EEG, and salivary amylase. In workload studies, psychosocial variables were most prominently expressed in 2021. While the analysis of workload studies indicates a focus on “mental workload” studies involving Vessel Traffic Services Operators (VTSOs), research related to seafarers, cadets, marine pilots, and ship masters is seen to dominate this field which is “bridge team”.

Anahtar Kelimeler

• Maritime
• Workload
• Bibliometric Analysis
• VOSviewer
• MAXQDA

Kaynakça

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