The Digital Future of Tourism Industry

Öz

It is an undeniable fact that digitalization and digital transformation will inevitably affect the tourism sector as well as radically affect many sectors, and this situation will increasingly continue. This study focuses on the technologies that the players in the tourism industry will need to be involved to ensure their sustainability within the scope of digital transformation and examples of adaptation to these technologies. The study is a conceptual research which discussed the digital transformation steps and the evaluation of these steps within the scope of Industry 4.0, Made in China 2025 and Society 5.0, their effects on the sector, the direction in which these effects will evolve. In addition, the possible positive and negative effects of digital transformation were evaluated.

Anahtar Kelimeler

• Digitalization
• Tourism 4.0
• Industry 4.0
• Made in Chine 2025
• Society 5.0

Turizm Endüstrisinin Dijital Geleceği

Öz

Dijitalleşme ve dijital dönüşümün birçok sektörü radikal bir şekilde etkilediği gibi turizm sektörünü de kaçınılmaz bir şekilde tesir altına alacağı ve bu durumun artarak devam edeceği yadsınamaz bir gerçektir. Bu çalışma turizm endüstrisi içinde yer alan oyuncuların dijital dönüşüm kapsamında sürdürebilirliklerini sağlayabilmek için dahil olmaları gerekecek teknolojileri ve bu teknolojilere adaptasyon örnekleri üzerine odaklanmıştır. Çalışma kavramsal bir araştırma olup; dijital dönüşüm adımları, bu adımların Endüstri 4.0, Çin Yapımı 2025 ve Toplum 5.0 kapsamında değerlendirilmesi, bunların sektöre etkileri ve söz konusu etkilerin hangi yöne doğru evirileceği ile olası olumlu ve olumsuz etkileri tartışılmıştır. Ayrıca dijital dönüşümün olası olumlu ve olumsuz etkileri değerlendirilmiştir.

Anahtar Kelimeler

• Dijitalleşme
• Turizm 4.0
• Endüstri 4.0
• Çin Yapımı 2025
• Toplum 5.0

Kaynakça

1. Ashton, K. (2010). RELA TED C ONTENT RFID-Powered Handhelds Guide Visitors at Shanghai Expo Despite Sluggish Growth, Taiwan’s RFID Industry Remains Committed Mobile RTLS Tracks Health-care Efficiency RFID Journal LIVE! 2010 Report, Part 2 That “Internet of Things” Thing. That “Internet of Things” Thing-RFID Journal. Retrieved From http://www.rfidjournal.com/article/print/4986
2. Atsushi Deguchi, C. H., & Kohei Oshima, M. T. H. M. (n.d.). Society 5.0 AAPeople-centric Super-smart Society.
3. Barton, J. (2019). “4G changed lives. 5G will change society” – Huawei’s Steven Wu. Retrieved June 24, 2021, From https://www.developingtelecoms.com/telecom-business/q-and-a-interviews/8393-4g-changed-lives-5g-will-change-society-huawei-s-steven-wu.html
4. Chaudhary, H. S., & Arnott, I. (2020). Cloud Computing in Tourism. https://doi.org/10.4018/978-1-5225-9783-4.ch007
5. De Mauro, A., Greco, M., & Grimaldi, M. (2015). What topics are taught in introductory astronomy courses? Big Data Comput. Sci. Eng, 1644, 9. https://doi.org/10.1063/1.4907823
6. Diez-Olivan, A., Ser, J. Del, Galar, D., & Sierra, B. (2019). Data fusion and machine learning for industrial prognosis: Trends and perspectives towards Industry 4.0. Information Fusion, 50, 92–111. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.inffus.2018.10.005
7. Eric Griffith. (2016). What Is Cloud Computing? Retrieved June 25, 2021, From https://calltech.co.za/wp-content/uploads/2020/03/Cloud-Computing-Simplified.pdf
8. Fukuyama, M. (2018). Society 5.0: Aiming for a New Human-centered Society : Japan’s Science and Technology Policies for Addressing Global Social Challenges : Hitachi Review. Retrieved May 31, 2021, From https://www.hitachi.com/rev/archive/2017/r2017_06/trends/index.html

9. Habib, M. . (n.d.). (5) “Made in China 2025” a inspiration form Industry 4.0 | LinkedIn. Retrieved May 31, 2021, From https://www.linkedin.com/pulse/made-china-2025-inspiration-form-industry-40-md-ahasanul/
10. Kazak, A. N., Chetyrbok, P. V., & Oleinikov, N. N. (2020). Artificial intelligence in the tourism sphere. In IOP Conference Series: Earth and Environmental Science (Vol. 421). Institute of Physics Publishing. https://doi.org/10.1088/1755-1315/421/4/042020
11. Li, J., Xu, L., Tang, L., Wang, S., & Li, L. (2018). Big data in tourism research: A literature review. Tourism Management, 68, 301–323. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.tourman.2018.03.009
12. Lindberg, M., Gelter, J., & Karlberg, H. (2017). Tourism networking for regional place innovation in Swedish Lapland. International Journal of Innovation and Regional Development, 7(4), 257. https://doi.org/10.1504/ijird.2017.086204
13. Liu, S. X. (2016). Innovation Design: Made in China 2025. Design Management Review, 27(1), 52–58. https://doi.org/10.1111/drev.10349
14. Mastorakis, G., Trihas, N., Mavromoustakis, C. X., Perakakis, E., & Kopanakis, I. (2014). A Cloud Computing Model for Efficient Marketing Planning in Tourism. International Journal of Online Marketing, 4(3), 14–30. https://doi.org/10.4018/ijom.2014070102
15. Nakamoto, S. (2008). Bitcoin: A Peer-to-Peer Electronic Cash System | Satoshi Nakamoto Institute.
16. Nguyen, Q. K. (2016). Blockchain-A Financial Technology for Future Sustainable Development. In Proceedings - 3rd International Conference on Green Technology and Sustainable Development, GTSD 2016 (pp. 51–54). Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers Inc. https://doi.org/10.1109/GTSD.2016.22
17. OECD. (2016). An OECD horizon scan of megatrends and technology trends in the context of future ressearch policy. Retrieved June 3, 2021, From http://ufm.dk/publikationer/2016/an-oecd-horizon-scan-of-megatrends-and-technology-trends-in-the-context-of-future-research-policy
18. Pencarelli, T. (2020). The digital revolution in the travel and tourism industry. Information Technology and Tourism, 22(3), 455–476. https://doi.org/10.1007/s40558-019-00160-3
19. Peng, R., Lou, Y., Kadoch, M., & Cheriet, M. (2020). A human-guided machine learning approach for 5g smart tourism iot. Electronics (Switzerland), 9(6), 1–14. https://doi.org/10.3390/electronics9060947
20. Psiha, M. M., & Vlamos, P. (2017). IoT Applications with 5G Connectivity in Medical Tourism Sector Management: Third-Party Service Scenarios. In Advances in Experimental Medicine and Biology (Vol. 989, pp. 141–154). Springer New York LLC. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-319-57348-9_12
21. Rodič, B. (2017). Industry 4.0 and the New Simulation Modelling Paradigm, 50. https://doi.org/10.1515/orga-2017-0017
22. Springborg, M. (2019). The new tech war and the geopolitics of 5G. WorldWide Asset Management. Retrieved From https://cworldwide.com/media/PDF/WP_2019_The_New_Tech_War_and_the_Geopolitics_of_5G.pdf
23. Starc Peceny, U., Urbančič, J., Mokorel, S., Kuralt, V., & Ilijaš, T. (2020). Tourism 4.0: Challenges in Marketing a Paradigm Shift. In Consumer Behavior and Marketing. IntechOpen. https://doi.org/10.5772/intechopen.84762
24. Treiblmaier, H. (2018). Blockchain and tourism: Three research propositions. Article in Annals of Tourism Research. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.annals.2018.03.005
25. Trustees of Dartmouth College. (2021). Artificial Intelligence (AI) Coined at Dartmouth | Celebrate Our 250th. Retrieved June 25, 2021, From https://250.dartmouth.edu/highlights/artificial-intelligence-ai-coined-dartmouth
26. Türkiye Cumhuriyeti Cumhurbaşkanlığı Dijital Dönüşüm Ofisi. (n.d.). Türkiye Cumhuriyeti Cumhurbaşkanlığı Dijital Dönüşüm Ofisi - Yapay Zekâ. Retrieved June 26, 2021, From https://cbddo.gov.tr/sss/yapay-zeka/
27. Urbančič, J. (2020). Expansion of Technology Utilization Through Tourism 4.0 in Slovenia. https://doi.org/10.4018/978-1-7998-1989-9.ch011
28. Van Kranenburg, R., Anzelmo, E., Bassi, A., Caprio, D., Dodson, S., & Ratto, M. (n.d.). The Internet of Things.
29. Vecchio, P. Del, Mele, G., Ndou, V., & Secundo, G. (2018). Creating value From Social Big Data: Implications for Smart Tourism Destinations. Information Processing and Management, 54(5), 847–860. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ipm.2017.10.006
30. Volo, S. (2020). Tourism statistics, indicators and big data: a perspective article. Tourism Review, 75(1), 304–309. https://doi.org/10.1108/TR-06-2019-0262
31. Wang. (n.d.). The Application of Artificial Intelligence Technology in the Tourism Industry of Jinan. https://doi.org/10.1088/1742-6596/1302/3/032005
32. Wong, B. K. M., & Sa’aid Hazley, S. A. (2020). The future of health tourism in the industrial revolution 4.0 era. Journal of Tourism Futures. https://doi.org/10.1108/JTF-01-2020-0006
33. Zhao, R., & Sang, H. (2019). Exploring a New Lean Operation Mode for Chinese Manufacturing Enterprises Based on Comparing Major “Industry 4.0” Strategies. Proceeding of the 24th International Conference on Industrial Engineering and Engineering Management 2018 (Vol. 38). https://doi.org/10.1007/978-981-13-3402-3_11
34. Zupan Korže, S. (2019). FROM INDUSTRY 4.0 TO TOURISM 4.0. Innovative Issues and Approaches in Social Sciences, 12(3). https://doi.org/10.12959/issn.1855-0541.iiass-2019-no3-art3