Yenidoğan yoğun bakım hemşirelerin duygusal emek düzeylerinin palyatif bakıma yönelik tutumlarına etkisi

Abstract

Amaç: Palyatif bakım hizmeti sunarken birçok zorlayıcı duygu deneyimleyen yenidoğan hemşireleri, bakım sürecinde hasta ve ailesi ile empati kurması, kontrollü, yansız ve anlayışlı olması gerekmektedir. Yenidoğan yoğun bakım hemşirelerinin duygularını yönetip farkında olması, belirlenmiş roller üstlenmesi ve çok daha farklı hisler içinde olsalar da önceden belirlenmiş standartlara göre davranması gibi sarf ettikleri duygusal emek düzeyleri, palyatif bakım sürecinde önem taşımaktadır. Bu araştırmanın amacı yenidoğan yoğun bakım hemşirelerinin duygusal emek düzeylerinin palyatif bakıma yönelik tutumlarına etkisinin belirlenmesidir. Materyal ve Metot: Kesitsel ve tanımlayıcı tipte olan araştırma Türkiye’nin kuzeyindeki bir il merkezinde yenidoğan yoğun bakım ünitelerinde (YYBÜ) çalışan 75 hemşire ile gerçekleştirildi. Araştırma verileri Kişisel bilgi formu, Duygusal Emek Ölçeği (DEÖ) ve Yenidoğan Palyatif Bakım Tutum Ölçeği (YPBTÖ) kullanılarak toplanmıştır. Veriler SPSS 23 ile analiz edilmiş olup, verilerin değerlendirilmesinde tanımlayıcı istatistikler, non parametrik testler ve Spearman korelasyon analizi kullanılmıştır. Bulgular: Araştırmaya katılan YYBÜ hemşirelerinin %61.3’ü palyatif bakım konusunda eğitim almadıklarını ve %84’ü palyatif bakım konusunda bilgilerini yeterli bulmadıklarını belirtmişlerdir.DEÖ’nün yüzeysel davranış alt boyutu ile YPBTÖ’nün kaynaklar alt boyutu arasında negatif yönde (p=0.046), gerçek duyguları bastırma alt boyutu ile YPBTÖ’nün klinik alt boyutu arasında pozitif yönde istatistiksel olarak anlamlı bir ilişki bulunmuştur (p=0.005) Sonuç: Hemşirelerin duygusal emeklerini etkileyen faktörlere yönelik yapılan bu araştırmada, hemşirelerin palyatif bakım hizmeti sunarken gerçek duygularını bastırdığı ve yüzeyel davranış sergilediği görülmüştür. Hemşireler yenidoğan palyatif bakım uygulamalarını tanıma ve işbirliği içinde olma yönünde olumlu tutum sergilemelerine rağmen, sağlanan kurumsal desteğinin yeterli olmadığını belirtmişlerdir.

Keywords

• hemşire
• yenidoğan
• duygusal emek
• palyatif bakım

The effect of emotional labor levels on the attitudes of neonatal intensive care nurses towards palliative care

Abstract

İntroduction: Neonatal nurses, who experience many challenging emotions while providing palliative care, must empathize with the patient and their family, maintain control, act neutrally and be understanding during the care process. Emotional labor levels of the neonatal nurses such as managing and being aware of their emotions, taking on determined roles, and acting according to predetermined standards even though they have much different feelings, are important in the palliative care process. The aim of this study is to determine the effect of emotional labor levels of neonatal nurses on their attitudes towards palliative care. Materials and Methods: This study was a correlational, cross-sectional and descriptive design and was conducted with 75 nurses employed in the neonatal intensive care units (NICU) in a provincial center in the north of Turkey. The data of the study were collected by using Personal Information Form, Emotional Labor Scale (ELS) and Neonatal Palliative Care Attitude Scale (NPCAS).The data were analyzed with SPSS 23. Descriptive statistics, non-parametric tests and Spearman correlation analysis were used in the evaluation of the data. Results: Among the NICU nurses, who participated in the study, 61.3% stated that they did not receive training in palliative care, and 84% did not find their knowledge about palliative care sufficient. A statistically significant and negative correlation was found between the surface acting sub-dimension of ELS and the resources sub-dimension of NPCAS (p=0.046); and a statistically significant and positive correlation was found between expression of naturally-felt emotions sub-dimension of ELS and the clinicians sub-dimension of NPCAS (p=0.005). Conclusion: In the present study, where the factors affecting the emotional labor of nurses were examined, it was observed that nurses suppressed their real emotions and acted superficially while providing the palliative care services. Despite the fact that the nurses displayed a positive attitude towards recognizing the neonatal palliative care practices and acting in cooperation, they stated that the institutional support was not sufficient.

Keywords

• nurse
• newborn
• emotional labor
• palliative care

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