Awareness and rates of vaccination in hemodialysis patients

Year 2023, Volume: 4 Issue: 4, 283 - 287, 30.08.2023

Raziye Yazıcı , İbrahim Güney , Atila Yürekli , Selver Can

https://doi.org/10.47582/jompac.1324097

Abstract

Aims: Vaccination is main risk reducing strategy for vaccine-preventable infections in chronic kidney disease (CKD) patients, but vaccination rates in hemodialysis patients are not at the desired level. In this study, we aimed to search the rates of influenza, pneumococcal, hepatitis B and coronavirus disease-2019 (COVID-19) vaccination, the vaccination awareness and the reasons for not taking vaccination in hemodialysis patients.
Methods: In this cross-sectional study, 232 CKD patients undergoing hemodialysis in two centers for at least six months were included. The patients completed the questionnaire about vaccination. The data about patients’ history of vaccination regarding influenza, pneumococcal, hepatitis B and COVID-19 vaccines; patients’ attitudes and knowledge about vaccination; the source of information about vaccination were collected via this questionnaire.
Results: The rates of pneumococcal, influenza, hepatitis B and COVID-19 vaccination were 9.9%, 56.6%, 38.8% and 87.1%, respectively. In patients with missing vaccination, the main reasons for not taking vaccination were lack of knowledge about vaccination (48.7%), the thought that the vaccine is not beneficial (12.5%) and fear of adverse effects (3.4%). The main sources of information about vaccination were healthcare workers (90.5%), radio/televison (1.7%) and internet (1.7%).
Conclusion: Our findings showed that the rates of influenza, pneumococcal and hepatitis B vaccination were below the targeted levels and the main reason was the lack of information about vaccination and the main source of information about vaccination was health personnel. Strategies should be developed to increase the awareness and rate of vaccination for vaccine-preventable infections in CKD patients.

Keywords

Awareness, hemodialysis, vaccination, chronic kidney disease

Hemodiyaliz hastalarında aşılanma oranları ve farkındalığı

Abstract

Amaçlar: Aşılanma, kronik böbrek hastalığı (KBH) olan hastalarda aşı ile önlenebilir enfeksiyonlar için ana risk azaltma stratejisidir, ancak hemodiyaliz hastalarında aşılanma oranları istenilen düzeyde değildir. Bu çalışmada influenza, pnömokok, hepatit B ve koronavirüs hastalığı-2019 (COVID-19) aşılanma oranları, aşı farkındalığı ve aşı yaptırmama nedenlerini araştırmayı amaçladık.
Yöntemler: Bu kesitsel çalışmaya iki merkezde en az altı aydır hemodiyaliz tedavisi gören 232 KBH hastası dahil edildi. Hastalar aşılanma ile ilgili anketi doldurdu. Hastaların influenza, pnömokok, hepatit B ve COVID-19 aşılarına dair aşılanma geçmişlerine ilişkin veriler; hastaların aşılanma konusundaki tutumları ve bilgileri; aşılanma ile ilgili bilgilerin kaynağı bu anket aracılığıyla toplandı.
Bulgular: Pnömokok, influenza, hepatit B ve COVID-19 aşılanma oranları sırasıyla %9,9, %56,6, %38,8 ve %87,1 idi. Aşı yaptırmayan hastalarda bunun başlıca nedenlerinin aşı hakkında bilgi sahibi olmama (%48,7), aşının faydalı olmadığı düşüncesi (%12,5) ve yan etki korkusu (%3,4) olduğu görüldü. Aşı ile ilgili başlıca bilgi kaynakları sağlık çalışanları (%90,5), radyo/televizyon (%1,7) ve internet (%1,7) idi.
Sonuç: Bulgularımız, influenza, pnömokok ve hepatit B aşılanma oranlarının hedeflenen seviyelerin altında olduğunu ve bunun temel nedeninin aşılar hakkında bilgi eksikliği olduğunu ve aşılanma ile ilgili başlıca bilgi kaynağının sağlık personeli olduğunu göstermiştir. KBH hastalarında aşı ile önlenebilir enfeksiyonlara yönelik farkındalığı ve aşılanma oranını artıracak stratejiler geliştirilmelidir.

Keywords

Farkındalık, hemodiyaliz, aşılanma, kronik böbrek hastalığı

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