Biological activities of bee products of Bingöl province and its region

Öz

Honey, propolis, bee pollen, royal jelly, bee bread, bee venom and beeswax are products produced by bees. Honey is a sweet viscous secretion collected from beehives and found in the cells of honey bee combs. Propolis is a resinous substance that bees collect from the leaves and buds of plants. Bee pollen is a mixture of flower pollen collected by the Apis mellifera L. honey bee with nectar and bee secretions. Bee products, which have various biological properties such as antimicrobial, anti-inflammatory, anticancer and antioxidant activities, are natural products that are important for health and have high nutritional value. Bingöl is a very suitable region for beekeeping potential in terms of its vegetation and geographical conditions. Milkvetch, clover and vetch plants, which are from the Fabaceae family most preferred by bees, grow in the Bingöl flora. In addition, Asteraceae, Lamiaceae are among the other family groups that collect the most nectar in this region. In the study, the effect of location difference and plant species on chemical parameters, vitamin, fatty acid, element content, antioxidant, antimicrobial and anticancer activity in honey, bee pollen and propolis samples obtained from different locations of Bingöl were evaluated.

Anahtar Kelimeler

• Bee Products
• Bingöl
• Antioxidant
• Antimicrobial
• Anticancer

Bingöl ili ve yöresine ait arı ürünlerinin biyolojik aktiviteleri

Öz

Bal, propolis, arı poleni, arı sütü, arı ekmeği, arı zehri ve balmumu arılar tarafından üretilen ürünlerdir. Bal, arı kovanlarından toplanan ve bal arısı peteklerinin hücrelerinde bulunan tatlı viskoz bir salgıdır. Propolis, arıların bitkilerin yapraklarından ve tomurcuklarından topladığı reçineli bir maddedir. Arı poleni, Apis mellifera L. bal arısının nektar ve arı salgılarıyla topladığı çiçek poleni karışımıdır. Antimikrobiyal, antiinflamatuar, antikanser ve antioksidan aktiviteler gibi çeşitli biyolojik özellikleri olan arı ürünleri, sağlık açısından önemli ve besin değeri yüksek doğal ürünlerdir.

Bingöl sahip olduğu bitki örtüsü ve coğrafi koşullar bakımından arıcılık potansiyeline oldukça elverişli bir bölgedir. Arıların en çok tercih ettikleri Fabaceae familyasından olan geven, üçgül ve fiğ bitkileri Bingöl florasında yetişmektedir. Ayrıca Asteraceae, Lamiaceae bu bölgede en fazla nektar toplanan diğer familya gruplarındandır. Çalışmada Bingöl’ün farklı lokasyonlarından elde edilen bal, arı poleni ve propolis örneklerindeki kimyasal parametreler, vitamin, yağ asidi, element içeriği, antioksidan, antimikrobiyal ve antikanser aktivite üzerine lokasyon farkı ve bitki türünün etkisi değerlendirilmiştir.       

Anahtar Kelimeler

• Arı Ürünleri
• Bingöl
• Antioksidan
• Antimikrobiyal
• Antikanser

Kaynakça

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