Kanser hastalarında egzersize dayalı onkolojik rehabilitasyon

Yıl 2022, Cilt: 1 Sayı: 2, 85 - 92, 16.08.2022

Ramazan Cihad Yılmaz , Deniz Kocamaz , Nahide Ayhan Fidancıoğlu , Mustafa Yıldırım

Öz

Onkolojik rehabilitasyon ile kanser hastaları biyopsikososyal yönden ele alınarak yaşam kaliteleri artırılmaya çalışılır. Onkolojik rehabilitasyonun en önemli ayaklarından biri egzersizdir. Egzersiz, kanser hastalarında ve kanserden kurtulanlarda ağrı, yorgunluk, yaşam kalitesi, kardiyopulmoner fonksiyon, kas kütlesi ve gücü ile psikolojik durumun iyileşmesine katkı sağlayan farmakolojik olmayan bir müdahaledir. Egzersiz yapmak bu popülasyonda hastalığın neden olduğu fiziksel ve psikososyal birtakım engeller nedeniyle meşakkatli olabilmektedir. Hastaların ihtiyaçları, tercihleri, fiziksel ve psikolojik durumları göz önünde bulundurularak egzersize yönlendirilmeleri önemlidir. Literatür, egzersizin kanser tedavilerinin yan etkilerini azaltmada etkili olabileceğini ifade etmektedir. Bu yüzden egzersize dayalı onkolojik rehabilitasyonun modern onkolojinin tedavi yollarına entegre edilmesi kanser hastalarında ve kanserden kurtulanlarda fayda sağlayabilir.

Anahtar Kelimeler

Egzersiz, Kanser, Onkolojik rehabilitasyon.

Exercise-based oncological rehabilitation in cancer patients

Öz

OOncological rehabilitation is aimed at improving the quality of life of cancer patients by addressing them from a biopsychosocial point of view. One of the most important aspects of oncological rehabilitation is exercise. Exercise is a non-pharmacological intervention that contributes to the improvement of pain, fatigue, quality of life, cardiopulmonary function, muscle mass and strength, and psychological state in cancer patients and cancer survivors. Exercising can be difficult in this population due to a number of physical and psychosocial obstacles caused by the disease. It is important that patients are directed to exercise by considering their needs, preferences, physical and psychological conditions. The literature states that exercise can be effective in reducing the side effects of cancer treatments. Therefore, integrating exercise-based oncological rehabilitation into the treatment pathways of modern oncology may benefit cancer patients and cancer survivors.

Anahtar Kelimeler

Exercise, Cancer, Oncological rehabilitation.

Kaynakça

• Ashcraft, K.A., Warner, A.B., Jones, L.W. & Dewhirst, M.W. (2019). Exercise as adjunct therapy in cancer. Seminars in Radiation Oncology, 29(1), 16–24.
• Avancini, A., Sartori, G., Gkountakos, A., Casali, M., Trestini, I., Tregnago, D., ... & Pilotto, S. (2020). Physical activity and exercise in lung cancer care: will promises be fulfilled? The Oncologist, 25(3), e555-e569.
• Barsevick, A.M., Dudley, W., Beck, S., Sweeney, C., Whitmer, K. & Nail, L. (2004). A randomized clinical trial of energy conservation for patients with cancer‐related fatigue. Cancer: Interdisciplinary International Journal of the American Cancer Society, 100(6), 1302-1310.
• Basen-Engquist, K., Parker, P.A., Eng, C., Li, Y., Johnson, D.B., Kee, B.K., ... & Fisch, M. (2015). Randomized trial of a home-based exercise intervention for patients with advanced colorectal cancer: Effects on physical functioning and activity levels. Journal of Clinical Oncology, 33(5), 9633.
• Bourke, L., Homer, K.E., Thaha, M.A., Steed, L., Rosario, D.J., Robb, K.A., ... & Taylor, S.J.C. (2014). Interventions to improve exercise behaviour in sedentary people living with and beyond cancer: a systematic review. British Journal of Cancer, 110(4), 831-841.
• Cheville, A.L., Kollasch, J., Vandenberg, J., Shen, T., Grothey, A., Gamble, G. & Basford, J.R. (2013). A home-based exercise program to improve function, fatigue, and sleep quality in patients with Stage IV lung and colorectal cancer: a randomized controlled trial. Journal of Pain and Symptom Management, 45(5), 811-821.
• Christensen J.F., Jones L.W., Andersen J.L., Daugaard G., Rorth M. & Hojman P. (2014). Muscle dysfunction in cancer patients. Ann Oncol., May;25(5), 947-58. doi: 10.1093/annonc/mdt551. Epub 2014 Jan 8. PMID: 24401927.
• Christensen, J.F., Simonsen, C. & Hojman, P. (2011). Exercise training in cancer control and treatment. Comprehensive Physiology, 9(1), 165-205.
• Clifford, B., Koizumi, S. & Wewege, M.A. et al. (2021). The effect of resistance training on body composition during and after cancer treatment: a systematic review and meta-analysis. Sports Med., 51, 2527–2546.
• Crevenna, R. (2013). From neuromuscular electrical stimulation and biofeedback-assisted exercise up to triathlon competitions—regular physical activity for cancer patients in Austria. European Review of Aging and Physical Activity, 10(1), 53-55.
• Crevenna, R., Fialka-Moser, V., Keilani, M.Y., Schmidinger, M., Marosi, C. & Quittan, M. (2002). Aerobic physical training in a breast cancer patient with inflammatory recurrence. Wiener Medizinische Wochenschrift (1946), 152(21-22), 581-584.
• Dittus, K., Toth, M., Priest, J., O’Brien, P., Kokinda, N. & Ades, P. (2020). Effects of an exercise-based oncology rehabilitation program and age on strength and physical function in cancer survivors. Supportive Care in Cancer, 28(8), 3747-3754.
• Düger, T., Atasavun, S.U. & Yıldız, V.K. (2019). Onkolojik fizyoterapi ve rehabilitasyonda egzersizin kanıt düzeyi. Fizyoterapi ve Rehabilitasyonda Kanıta Dayalı Yaklaşımlar, 1, 71-8.
• Evans, H., Forbes, C.C., Galvão, D.A., Vandelanotte, C., Newton, R.U., Wittert, G., Chambers, S., Vincent, A.D., Kichenadasse, G., Brook, N., Girard, D. & Short, C.E. (2021). Evaluating a web- and telephone-based personalised exercise intervention for individuals living with metastatic prostate cancer (ExerciseGuide): protocol for a pilot randomised controlled trial. Pilot and Feasibility Studies, 7(1), 21.
• Goode, A.D., Lawler, S.P., Brakenridge, C.L., Reeves, M.M. & Eakin, E.G. (2015). Telephone, print, and Web-based interventions for physical activity, diet, and weight control among cancer survivors: a systematic review. Journal of Cancer Survivorship, 9(4), 660-682.
• Gosain, R., Gage-Bouchard, E., Ambrosone, C., Repasky, E. & Gandhi, S. (2020). Stress reduction strategies in breast cancer: review of pharmacologic and non-pharmacologic based strategies. Seminars in Immunopathology, 42(6), 719–734.
• Hayes, S.C., Rye, S., DiSipio, T., Yates, P., Bashford, J., Pyke, C., ... & Eakin, E. (2013). Exercise for health: a randomized, controlled trial evaluating the impact of a pragmatic, translational exercise intervention on the quality of life, function and treatment-related side effects following breast cancer. Breast Cancer Research and Treatment, 137(1), 175-186.
• Hilfiker, R., Meichtry, A., Eicher, M., Balfe, L.N., Knols, R.H., Verra, M.L. & Taeymans, J. (2018). Exercise and other non-pharmaceutical interventions for cancer-related fatigue in patients during or after cancer treatment: a systematic review incorporating an indirect-comparisons meta-analysis. British Journal of Sports Medicine, 52(10), 651-658.
• Holmes, M.D., Chen, W.Y., Feskanich, D., Kroenke, C.H. & Colditz, G.A. (2005). Physical activity and survival after breast cancer diagnosis. JAMA, 293(20), 2479-2486.
• Keilani, M., Kainberger, F., Pataraia, A., Hasenöhrl, T., Wagner, B., Palma, S. ... & Crevenna, R. (2019). Typical aspects in the rehabilitation of cancer patients suffering from metastatic bone disease or multiple myeloma. Wiener Klinische Wochenschrift, 131(21), 567-575.
• Keser, I., Özdemir, K., Ertürk, B., Haspolat, M., Duman, T. & Esmer, M. (2017). Kanser hastalarına yönelik onkolojik rehabilitasyon ünitesi’nde sunulan hizmetlerin analizi. Gazi Sağlık Bilimleri Dergisi, 2(1), 18-27.
• Kim, J.Y., Lee, M.K., Lee, D.H., Kang, D.W., Min, J. H., Lee, J.W., ... & Jeon, J.Y. (2019). Effects of a 12-week home-based exercise program on quality of life, psychological health, and the level of physical activity in colorectal cancer survivors: a randomized controlled trial. Supportive Care in Cancer, 27(8), 2933-2940.
• Khosravi, N., Stoner, L., Farajivafa, V. & Hanson, E. D. (2019). Exercise training, circulating cytokine levels and immune function in cancer survivors: a meta-analysis. Brain, Behavior, and Immunity, 81, 92-104.
• Kocamaz, D., Tuncer, A., Yamak, D., Sever, Ö. & Yıldırım, M. (2019). Kanser ve onkolojik rehabilitasyon. Zeugma Health Res., 1(1), 25-30.
• Loughney, L., West, M.A., Kemp, G.J., Grocott, M.P. W. & Jack, S. (2016). Exercise intervention in people with cancer undergoing neoadjuvant cancer treatment and surgery: a systematic review. European Journal of Surgical Oncology (EJSO), 42(1), 28-38.
• Mishra, S.I., Scherer, R.W., Snyder, C., Geigle, P.M., Berlanstein, D.R. & Topaloglu, O. (2012). Exercise interventions on health-related quality of life for people with cancer during active treatment. The Cochrane Database of Systematic Reviews, 2012(8), CD008465.
• Möller, U.O., Beck, I., Rydén, L. & Malmström, M. (2019). A comprehensive approach to rehabilitation interventions following breast cancer treatment-a systematic review of systematic reviews. BMC Cancer, 19(1), 1-20.
• McCrary, J.M., Goldstein, D., Sandler, C.X., Barry, B. K., Marthick, M., Timmins, H.C., ... & Park, S.B. (2019). Exercise-based rehabilitation for cancer survivors with chemotherapy-induced peripheral neuropathy. Supportive Care in Cancer, 27(10), 3849-3857.
• Neil-Sztramko, S.E., Winters-Stone, K.M., Bland, K. A. & Campbell, K.L. (2019). Updated systematic review of exercise studies in breast cancer survivors: attention to the principles of exercise training. British Journal of Sports Medicine, 53(8), 504-512.
• Piraux, E., Caty, G., Reychler, G., Forget, P. & Deswysen, Y. (2020). Feasibility and Preliminary Effectiveness of a Tele-Prehabilitation Program in Esophagogastric Cancer Patients. Journal of Clinical Medicine, 9(7), 2176.
• Quist, M., Rørth, M., Langer, S., Jones, L.W., Laursen, J.H., Pappot, H., ... & Adamsen, L. (2012). Safety and feasibility of a combined exercise intervention for inoperable lung cancer patients undergoing chemotherapy: a pilot study. Lung Cancer, 75(2), 203-208.
• Raj, V.S., Silver, J.K., Pugh, T.M. & Fu, J.B. (2017). Palliative care and physiatry in the oncology care spectrum: an opportunity for distinct and collaborative approaches. Physical Medicine and Rehabilitation Clinics, 28(1), 35-47.
• Reis, A.D., Pereira, P.T.V.T., Diniz, R.R., de Castro Filha, J.G.L., Dos Santos, A.M., Ramallo, B.T. ... & Garcia, J.B.S. (2018). Effect of exercise on pain and functional capacity in breast cancer patients. Health and Quality of Life Outcomes, 16(1), 1-10.
• Rock, C.L., Doyle, C., Demark‐Wahnefried, W., Meyerhardt, J., Courneya, K.S., Schwartz, A.L.,... & Gansler, T. (2012). Nutrition and physical activity guidelines for cancer survivors. CA: A Cancer Journal for Clinicians, 62(4), 242-274.
• Sadeghi, E., Gozali, N. & Moghaddam Tabrizi, F. (2016). Effects of energy conservation strategies on cancer related fatigue and health promotion lifestyle in breast cancersurvivors: a randomized control trial. Asian Pacific Journal of Cancer Prevention: APJCP, 17(10), 4783–4790.
• Samuel, S.R., Maiya, A.G., Fernandes, D.J., Guddattu, V., Saxena, P.U., Kurian, J.R.,... & Mustian, K.M. (2019). Effectiveness of exercise-based rehabilitation on functional capacity and quality of life in head and neck cancer patients receiving chemo-radiotherapy. Supportive Care in Cancer, 27(10), 3913-3920.
• Schmitz, K.H., Campbell, A.M., Stuiver, M.M., Pinto, B.M., Schwartz, A.L., Morris, G.S., ... & Matthews, C. E. (2019). Exercise is medicine in oncology: engaging clinicians to help patients move through cancer. CA: A Cancer Journal for Clinicians, 69(6), 468-484.
• Schmitz, K.H., Courneya, K.S., Matthews, C., Demark-Wahnefried, W., Galvão, D.A., Pinto, B.M., ... & Schwartz, A.L. (2010). American college of sports medicine roundtable on exercise guidelines for cancer survivors. Medicine & Science in Sports & Exercise, 42(7), 1409-1426.
• Schmid, D.L.M.F. & Leitzmann, M.F. (2014). Association between physical activity and mortality among breast cancer and colorectal cancer survivors: a systematic review and meta-analysis. Annals of Oncology, 25(7), 1293-1311.
• Scott, J.M., Zabor, E.C., Schwitzer, E., Koelwyn, G. J., Adams, S. C., Nilsen, T.S., ... & Jones, L.W. (2018). Efficacy of exercise therapy on cardiorespiratory fitness in patients with cancer: a systematic review and meta-analysis. Journal of Clinical Oncology, 36(22), 2297.