Academic Anxiety: A Review on its Causes and Consequences

Öz

Anxiety is one of the most common and researched emotions in education. Anxiety disorders are the most common mental health problem among children and adolescents. Anxiety disorders can significantly affect students' social skills, academic performance and emotional well-being. Looking at current thinking and research on anxiety in the context of education, the literature discusses different forms of anxiety in the school setting. These can be listed as school anxiety, mathematics anxiety, computer anxiety, language anxiety, communication anxiety, social anxiety, sports anxiety and test anxiety. However, all of the above areas of anxiety are different situations and are seen as a challenge for teachers, parents, administrators and counsellors. In this context, academic anxiety is a unifying formulation to bring together the anxieties experienced by students in schools in order to support students who experience anxiety in all areas and to increase the accessibility of generalisable characteristics, outcomes and solutions. In this study, risk factors and solutions for academic anxiety are listed. Thus, the present study aims to pioneer studies on academic anxiety, which is a newer concept in the literature, as an upper framework other than the known areas of anxiety evaluated in the school context, and to provide researchers with a new breath to study the components, risk factors, facilitating factors of academic anxiety and to design intervention programmes for academic anxiety.

Anahtar Kelimeler

• Academic anxiety
• risk factors
• school and educational environment
• achievement

Akademik Kaygı: Nedenleri ve Sonuçları Üzerine Bir Derleme

Öz

Kaygı eğitim alanında en yaygın görülen ve araştırılan duygulardan biri olarak literatürde belirgin bir şekilde yer almaktadır. Kaygı bozuklukları çocuklar ve ergenler arasında da en yaygın rastlanan ruh sağlığı sorunu olarak dikkat çekmektedir. Kaygı bozuklukları öğrencilerin sosyal becerilerini, akademik başarılarını ve duygusal refahlarını önemli ölçüde bozabilmektedir. Eğitim bağlamında kaygı üzerine güncel düşünce ve araştırmalara bakıldığında, literatürde okul ortamı için çeşitli kaygı biçimlerinin tartışıldığı görülmektedir. Bunlar okul kaygısı, matematik, bilgisayar kaygısı, dil kaygısı, iletişim kaygısı, sosyal kaygı, spor kaygısı ve sınav kaygısı şeklinde sıralanabilir. Bununla birlikte yukarıdaki kaygı alanlarının hepsi farklı durumlardır ve öğretmenler, ebeveynler, yöneticiler ve danışmanlar için bir zorluk olarak değerlendirilmektedir. Bu bağlamda akademik kaygı ise tüm alanlarda kaygı yaşayan öğrencileri desteklemek, genelleştirilebilecek özelliklerin, sonuçların ve çözümlerin ulaşılabilirliğinin artırılması amacıyla, öğrencilerin okullarda yaşadıkları kaygıların bir araya getirilmesi için birleştirici bir formülasyondur. Bu çalışma kapsamında akademik kaygı için risk faktörleri ve çözüm önerileri sıralanmıştır. Böylelikle mevcut çalışma ile okul bağlamında değerlendirilen ve bilindik kaygı alanları dışında bir üst çerçeve olarak literatürde daha yeni bir kavram olan akademik kaygı üzerine çalışmaların yapılmasına öncülük etmesi ve akademik kaygının bileşenlerinin, risk faktörlerinin, kolaylaştırıcı etkenlerin incelenmesi ve akademik kaygıya yönelik müdahale programlarının tasarlanabilmesi amacıyla araştırmacılara yeni bir soluk kazandırılması amaçlanmaktadır.

Anahtar Kelimeler

• Akademik kaygı
• risk faktörleri
• okul ve eğitim ortamı
• başarı

Kaynakça

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