Erken Çocukluk Dönemi Annelerinin Toplumsal Cinsiyet Algı Düzeylerinin Çeşitli Değişkenler Açısından İncelenmesi

Öz

ÖZ Bu çalışmanın amacı 3-6 yaş grubu çocuğu olan annelerin toplumsal cinsiyet algı düzeylerinin çeşitli değişkenler açısından incelenmesidir. Araştırmanın katılımcı annelerinin 65’i (%20,9) 20-30 yaş aralığında, 205’i (%65,9) 31-40 yaş aralığında ve 41’i (%13,2) 41 yaş ve üzerinde oldukları belirlenmiştir. Katılımcıların 303’ü (%97,4) anne-baba birlikte evli anne, 3’ü (%1,0) evli eşinden ayrı yaşayan anne ve 5’inin (%1,6) bekâr anne (boşanmış veya dul) oldukları görülmüştür. Araştırmada veri toplama sürecinde Toplumsal Cinsiyet Algısı Ölçeği ve Kişisel Bilgi Formu kullanılmıştır. Araştırma kapsamında elde edilen bulgulardan grupların ortalamalarının karşılaştırmalarının analizinde bağımsız gruplar için t testi, tek yönlü anova ve Kruskal-Wallis H testi kullanılmıştır. Araştırma bulgularında annelerin toplumsal cinsiyet algı düzeyleri üzerinde, eğitim düzeylerinin, çalışma durumlarının, 3-6 yaşındaki çocuğunun doğum sırasının, 3-6 yaş aralığındaki çocuğunun okul öncesi eğitim alma durumlarının ve çocuk büyütme sürecinde sosyal destek alma durumlarının etkili faktörler olduğu görülmüştür. Diğer taraftan yaş düzeylerinin, ebeveynlik durumlarının, baba eğitim düzeylerinin, 3-6 yaş aralığındaki çocuğunun cinsiyetinin, aylık gelir durumlarının, aile tiplerinin, en çok yaşanan bölgenin ve kendi ebeveynlerinin onları yetiştirirken sergilediği tutumların annelerin toplumsal cinsiyet algı düzeyleri üzerinde etkili birer faktör olmadığı belirlenmiştir. Araştırma kapsamında elde edilen bulgular alanyazın ışığında tartışılmış ve çeşitli öneriler sunulmuştur.

Anahtar Kelimeler

• Erken çocukluk dönemi
• anne
• toplumsal cinsiyet algısı

The Investigation of Early Childhood Mothers' Gender Perception Levels in Terms of Various Variables

Abstract

The aim of this study is to examine the gender perception levels of mothers with children aged 3-6 in terms of various variables. Among the participating mothers, 65 (20.9%) were aged between 20 and 30, 205 (65.9%) between 31 and 40, and 41 (13.2%) were 41 years old or above. It was found that 303 participants (97.4%) were married and living with their spouses, 3 (1.0%) were married but living separately, and 5 (1.6%) were single mothers (either divorced or widowed). In the data collection process, the Gender Perception Scale and a Personal Information Form were used. In the analysis of the comparisons of group means derived from the findings within the scope of the research, t-tests for independent groups, one-way ANOVA for independent groups, and the Kruskal-Wallis H test were used. The results revealed that mothers’ gender perception levels were significantly influenced by their educational background, employment status, the birth order of their 3- to 6-year-old child, whether the child received preschool education, and whether they received social support in the child-rearing process. On the other hand, variables such as age, parenting status, father's education level, gender of the 3- to 6-year-old child, monthly income level, family structure, the region where they lived most frequently, and the parenting styles of their own parents were found not to have a significant effect on the mothers’ gender perception levels. The findings obtained within the scope of the research were discussed in the light of the literature and various recommendations were presented.

Keywords

• Early childhood period
• mother
• Gender perception

Kaynakça

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