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Türkiye’de Emojilerin Semiyotik Çözümlemesi: Kültürel Kodlar ve Dijital Anlam Üretimi

Yıl 2026, Cilt: 19 Sayı: 1 , 367 - 396 , 15.04.2026
https://doi.org/10.18094/josc.1693024
https://izlik.org/JA96NX43GL

Öz

Dijital iletişimde görsel bir dil olarak emojiler, sosyal medya platformlarında kullanıcıların duygularını, niyetlerini ve kimliklerini ifade etmelerinde önemli bir rol oynar. Bu çalışma, Türkiye’de sosyal medya platformlarında en sık kullanılan emojilerin semiyotik analizini yaparak, bu sembollerin iletişimdeki işlevlerini, kültürel kodlarını, toplumsal mitlerle ilişkilerini ve yazı sistemleriyle bağlantılarını incelemeyi amaçlamaktadır. Twitter (X) ve Instagram’dan toplanan 1500 paylaşımın içerik analizi ve 400 paylaşımın derinlemesine semiyotik analizi yoluyla, emojilerin ikonik, indeksikal ve sembolik işlevleri, denotatif ve konotatif anlamları, araçsal ve göndergesel rolleri değerlendirilmiştir. Ayrıca, emojilerin tarihsel yazı sistemleriyle (piktogram, logogram, seslemsel yazı) ilişkisi ve kapsayıcılık (örneğin engelli bireylerin temsili) ile erişilebilirlik gibi sosyal boyutları ele alınmıştır. Bulgular, emojilerin yalnızca duygusal ifadeyi desteklemekle kalmayıp, kimlik inşası, topluluk dayanışması ve kültürel anlatılarla ilişki kurduğunu; aynı zamanda dijital yazışmalarda alfabetik sistemleri melezleştirerek tarihsel bir dönüş eğilimi gösterdiğini ortaya koymaktadır. Türkiye’deki kullanıcıların emoji kullanımı, yerel kültürel kodlar ve toplumsal mitlerle şekillenerek bağlama özgü anlamlar üretir ve dijital iletişimde yeni bir görsel dilin oluşumuna katkı sağlar. Bu çalışmada, emojilerin yalnızca görsel bir dil değil, aynı zamanda kültürel ve toplumsal anlatıları yansıtan birer gösterge sistemi olduğu anlaşılmıştır.

Kaynakça

  • Alshenqeeti, H. (2016). Are emojis creating a new or old visual language for new generations? A socio-semiotic study. Advances in Language and Literary Studies, 7(6), 56–69. https://doi.org/10.7575/aiac.alls.v.7n.6p.56
  • Arafah, B., & Hasyim, 2019). The language variation of emojis in social media communication. International Journal M. (of Society, Culture & Language, 7(2), 1–12.
  • Barthes, R. (1972). Mythologies. Hill and Wang.
  • Chandler, D. (2017). Semiotics: The basics (3rd ed.). Routledge. https://doi.org/10.4324/9781315311050
  • Danesi, M. (2016). The semiotics of emoji: The rise of visual language in the age of the internet. Bloomsbury Publishing.
  • Daniels, P. T., & Bright, W. (Eds.). (1996). The world's writing systems. Oxford University Press.
  • DeFrancis, J. (1989). Visible speech: The diverse oneness of writing systems. University of Hawaii Press.
  • Gawne, L., & McCulloch, G. (2019). Emoji as Digital Gestures. Language@Internet, 17. https://scholarworks.iu.edu/journals/index.php/li/article/view/37786
  • Chandra Guntuku, S., Li, M., Tay, L., & Ungar, L. H. (2019). Studying Cultural Differences in Emoji Usage across the East and the West. Proceedings of the International AAAI Conference on Web and Social Media, 13(01), 226-235. https://doi.org/10.1609/icwsm.v13i01.3224
  • Herring, S. C., & Dainas, A. R. (2018). Receiver Interpretations of Emoji Functions: A Gender Perspective. İçinde: S. Wijeratne, E. Kiciman, H. Saggion, A. Sheth (Ed.): Proceedings of the 1st International Workshop on Emoji Understanding and Applications in Social
  • Media (Emoji2018), Stanford, CA, USA. https://ceur-ws.org/Vol-2130/paper5.pdf
  • Highfield, T., & Leaver, T. (2016). Instagrammatics and digital methods: Studying visual social media, from selfies and GIFs to memes and emoji. Communication Research and Practice, 2(1), 47–62. https://doi.org/10.1080/22041451.2016.1155332
  • Karabolat, B. (2022). Yazılı iletişimde görsellerin dili: Emojiler [Yüksek Lisans Tezi]. Pamukkale Üniversitesi, Sosyal Bilimler Enstitüsü.
  • Kress, G., & van Leeuwen, T. (2001). Multimodal discourse: The modes and media of contemporary communication. Arnold.
  • Krippendorff, K. (2018). Content analysis: An introduction to its methodology (4th ed.). SAGE Publications.
  • Miller, H., Thebault-Spieker, J., Chang, S., Johnson, I., Terveen, L., & Hecht, B. (2016). “Blissfully happy” or “ready to fight”: Varying interpretations of emoji. Proceedings of the International AAAI Conference on Web and Social Media, 10(1), 259–268. https://doi.org/10.1609/icwsm.v10i1.14757
  • Novak, P. K., Smailović, J., Sluban, B., & Mozetič, I. (2015). Sentiment of emojis. PLOS ONE, 10(12), e0144296. https://doi.org/10.1371/journal.pone.0144296
  • Özdemir, G., Gökdağ, R., & Neslihanoğlu, S. (2019). Sosyal Medyada Emoji Kullanımı Ve Anlamlandırılması: Anadolu Üniversitesi İletişim Bilimleri Fakültesi Örneği. Selçuk İletişim, 12(1),425-443. https://doi.org/10.18094/josc.414605
  • Peirce, C. S. (1958). Collected papers of Charles Sanders Peirce (Vols. 1–6, C. Hartshorne & P. Weiss, Ed.). Harvard University Press. (Orijinali 1931 yılında yayımlanmıştır.)
  • Saussure, F. de. (2011). Course in general linguistics (W. Baskin, Çev.). Columbia University Press. (Orijinali 1916 yılında yayımlanmıştır.)
  • Siever, C. (2020). ‘Iconographetic communication’ in digital media: Emoji in WhatsApp, Twitter, Instagram, Facebook—From a linguistic perspective. İçinde, E. Giannoulis & L. R. A. Wilde (Ed.), Emoticons, kaomoji and emoji (pp. 141–160). Routledge.
  • Statista. (2023). Most used emojis on social media platforms worldwide. https://www.statista.com/topics/11194/emoji-usage/
  • We Are Social. (2024). Digital 2024: Global overview report. We Are Social & Hootsuite. https://wearesocial.com/uk/blog/2024/01/digital-2024/

A Semiotic Analysis of Emojis in Türkiye: Cultural Codes and Digital Meaning-Making

Yıl 2026, Cilt: 19 Sayı: 1 , 367 - 396 , 15.04.2026
https://doi.org/10.18094/josc.1693024
https://izlik.org/JA96NX43GL

Öz

Emojis, as a visual language in digital communication, play a significant role in enabling social media users to express emotions, intentions, and identities. This study conducts a semiotic analysis of the most frequently used emojis on social media platforms in Türkiye, aiming to explore their communicative functions, cultural codes, societal myths, and connections with writing systems. Through content analysis of 1500 posts and in-depth semiotic analysis of 400 posts collected from Twitter (X) and Instagram, the iconic, indexical, and symbolic functions, denotative and connotative meanings, and instrumental and referential roles of emojis were evaluated within the theoretical frameworks of Peirce, Barthes, and Siever. Furthermore, the study examines emojis’ relationships with historical writing systems (pictograms, logograms, phonograms) and their social dimensions, such as inclusivity (e.g., representation of individuals with disabilities) and accessibility. Findings reveal that emojis not only support emotional expression but also engage in identity construction, community solidarity, and cultural narratives, while hybridizing alphabetic systems in digital communication, indicating a historical shift. Emoji usage among Turkish users is shaped by local cultural codes and societal myths, generating context-specific meanings and contributing to the emergence of a new visual language in digital communication. This study demonstrates that emojis function not only as a visual language but also as a semiotic system reflecting cultural and societal narratives.

Kaynakça

  • Alshenqeeti, H. (2016). Are emojis creating a new or old visual language for new generations? A socio-semiotic study. Advances in Language and Literary Studies, 7(6), 56–69. https://doi.org/10.7575/aiac.alls.v.7n.6p.56
  • Arafah, B., & Hasyim, 2019). The language variation of emojis in social media communication. International Journal M. (of Society, Culture & Language, 7(2), 1–12.
  • Barthes, R. (1972). Mythologies. Hill and Wang.
  • Chandler, D. (2017). Semiotics: The basics (3rd ed.). Routledge. https://doi.org/10.4324/9781315311050
  • Danesi, M. (2016). The semiotics of emoji: The rise of visual language in the age of the internet. Bloomsbury Publishing.
  • Daniels, P. T., & Bright, W. (Eds.). (1996). The world's writing systems. Oxford University Press.
  • DeFrancis, J. (1989). Visible speech: The diverse oneness of writing systems. University of Hawaii Press.
  • Gawne, L., & McCulloch, G. (2019). Emoji as Digital Gestures. Language@Internet, 17. https://scholarworks.iu.edu/journals/index.php/li/article/view/37786
  • Chandra Guntuku, S., Li, M., Tay, L., & Ungar, L. H. (2019). Studying Cultural Differences in Emoji Usage across the East and the West. Proceedings of the International AAAI Conference on Web and Social Media, 13(01), 226-235. https://doi.org/10.1609/icwsm.v13i01.3224
  • Herring, S. C., & Dainas, A. R. (2018). Receiver Interpretations of Emoji Functions: A Gender Perspective. İçinde: S. Wijeratne, E. Kiciman, H. Saggion, A. Sheth (Ed.): Proceedings of the 1st International Workshop on Emoji Understanding and Applications in Social
  • Media (Emoji2018), Stanford, CA, USA. https://ceur-ws.org/Vol-2130/paper5.pdf
  • Highfield, T., & Leaver, T. (2016). Instagrammatics and digital methods: Studying visual social media, from selfies and GIFs to memes and emoji. Communication Research and Practice, 2(1), 47–62. https://doi.org/10.1080/22041451.2016.1155332
  • Karabolat, B. (2022). Yazılı iletişimde görsellerin dili: Emojiler [Yüksek Lisans Tezi]. Pamukkale Üniversitesi, Sosyal Bilimler Enstitüsü.
  • Kress, G., & van Leeuwen, T. (2001). Multimodal discourse: The modes and media of contemporary communication. Arnold.
  • Krippendorff, K. (2018). Content analysis: An introduction to its methodology (4th ed.). SAGE Publications.
  • Miller, H., Thebault-Spieker, J., Chang, S., Johnson, I., Terveen, L., & Hecht, B. (2016). “Blissfully happy” or “ready to fight”: Varying interpretations of emoji. Proceedings of the International AAAI Conference on Web and Social Media, 10(1), 259–268. https://doi.org/10.1609/icwsm.v10i1.14757
  • Novak, P. K., Smailović, J., Sluban, B., & Mozetič, I. (2015). Sentiment of emojis. PLOS ONE, 10(12), e0144296. https://doi.org/10.1371/journal.pone.0144296
  • Özdemir, G., Gökdağ, R., & Neslihanoğlu, S. (2019). Sosyal Medyada Emoji Kullanımı Ve Anlamlandırılması: Anadolu Üniversitesi İletişim Bilimleri Fakültesi Örneği. Selçuk İletişim, 12(1),425-443. https://doi.org/10.18094/josc.414605
  • Peirce, C. S. (1958). Collected papers of Charles Sanders Peirce (Vols. 1–6, C. Hartshorne & P. Weiss, Ed.). Harvard University Press. (Orijinali 1931 yılında yayımlanmıştır.)
  • Saussure, F. de. (2011). Course in general linguistics (W. Baskin, Çev.). Columbia University Press. (Orijinali 1916 yılında yayımlanmıştır.)
  • Siever, C. (2020). ‘Iconographetic communication’ in digital media: Emoji in WhatsApp, Twitter, Instagram, Facebook—From a linguistic perspective. İçinde, E. Giannoulis & L. R. A. Wilde (Ed.), Emoticons, kaomoji and emoji (pp. 141–160). Routledge.
  • Statista. (2023). Most used emojis on social media platforms worldwide. https://www.statista.com/topics/11194/emoji-usage/
  • We Are Social. (2024). Digital 2024: Global overview report. We Are Social & Hootsuite. https://wearesocial.com/uk/blog/2024/01/digital-2024/
Toplam 23 adet kaynakça vardır.

Ayrıntılar

Birincil Dil Türkçe
Konular Radyo-Televizyon, İletişim ve Medya Çalışmaları (Diğer)
Bölüm Araştırma Makalesi
Yazarlar

Kübra Erden 0000-0003-2799-2428

Gönderilme Tarihi 6 Mayıs 2025
Kabul Tarihi 1 Mart 2026
Yayımlanma Tarihi 15 Nisan 2026
DOI https://doi.org/10.18094/josc.1693024
IZ https://izlik.org/JA96NX43GL
Yayımlandığı Sayı Yıl 2026 Cilt: 19 Sayı: 1

Kaynak Göster

APA Erden, K. (2026). Türkiye’de Emojilerin Semiyotik Çözümlemesi: Kültürel Kodlar ve Dijital Anlam Üretimi. Selçuk İletişim, 19(1), 367-396. https://doi.org/10.18094/josc.1693024