AN ANALYSIS OF THE MEDIA AND GOVERNMENT RELATIONSHIP

Yıl 2013, Cilt: 8 Sayı: 1, 57 - 70, 09.02.2013

Yusuf Yüksel

Öz

This article analyzed the relationship between the media and government. Understanding the dynamics of this relationship is essential as it has implications on the information public gets and strong democracy. For this purpose, different media systems, theories and approaches (cascade model, indexing approach, propaganda theory and hegemonic perspective) were discussed in terms of the media-government relationship. It is clear that the degree of commercialization, political parallelism, and norms of journalistic professionalism in different media systems influence the degree and nature of this relationship. By taking into account these factors, scholars have suggested different theories and models to explain this relationship. Although each theory or model constitutes a unique map for making sense some of the important factors in this relationship, cascade model provides a more comprehensive picture. As suggested in this model, political actors, the media and the public mutually influence and interact with each other at different levels and under certain conditions. Specifically, the interaction of four different variables (cultural congruence, power, strategy, and motivation) influences the government’s capacity of setting agenda, the circulation of the preferred frames and attention and support of the public. All these variables and how they are used in news management and political rhetoric were discussed and exemplified in this article

Anahtar Kelimeler

Media Systems, News Management, Political Rhetoric, Hegemony, Propaganda

MEDYA VE HÜKÜMET İLİŞKİLERİNE YÖNELİK BİR ANALİZ

Öz

Bu makalede medya-hükümet ilişkileri analiz edilmiştir. Bu ilişkinin dinamiklerini anlamak, kamunun alacağı bilgi ve güçlü demokrasi üzerindeki sonuçları bağlamında önemlidir. Bu
amaçla, bu makalede farklı medya sistemleri, farklı medya teori ve modelleri (hegemonya, propoganda teorisi, endeksleme yaklaşımı, çerçeveleme, basamak modeli) medya ve hükümet
ilişkileri bağlamında tartışılmıştır. Farklı medya sistemlerindeki ticarileşme oranı, politik paralellik ve gazetecilik mesleğinin kurallarının bu ilişkinin doğası ve derecesini etkilediği açıktır. Bu faktörleri de dikkate alarak, akademisyenler bu ilişkiyi açıklayan farklı teori ve modeller ortaya koymuşlardır. Her bir teori veya modelin bu ilişkideki önemli faktörlerin anlaşılması noktasında özgün bir katkısı olmakla birlikte, basamak modeli daha geniş bir resim sunmaktadır. Bu modelde belirtildiği üzere, politik aktörler, medya ve kamu birbirini karşılıklı olarak farklı seviyelerde ve farklı şekillerde etkilemektedir. Özellikle, model içerisindeki dört farklı değişkenin etkileşimi (kültürel benzerlik, güç, strateji, motivasyon) hükümetlerin gündem belirleme kapasitesi,
tercih ettikleri haber sunumlarının (frames) yayınlanması ve kamunun destek ve dikkatini etkilemektedir. Tüm bu değişkenler ve haber yönetimi ve politik retorik bağlamında kullanımı bu
makalede tartışılmış ve örneklendirilmiştir.  

Anahtar Kelimeler

Medya Sistemleri, Haber Yönetimi, Politik Retorik, Hegemonya, Propoganda Teorisi, Endeksleme Yaklaşımı, Çerçeveleme, Basamak Modeli

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