Contact Toxicity of Hypericum Extracts against Rhyzopertha dominica (Fab.) (Coleoptera: Bostrichidae)

Öz

Tıbbi ve aromatik bitkiler, üstün biyolojik aktivite özelliklerinden dolayı birçok alanda doğal kaynak olarak kullanılabilirliklerini araştırmak için son zamanlarda popüler hale gelmiştir. Hypericum cinsi dünya çapında bilinen önemli tıbbi bitki türlerini içermektedir. Bu çalışmada, üç Hypericum türünün (Hypericum perforatum L., Hypericum heterophyllum Vent., Hypericum scabrum L.) çiçek, yaprak ve gövde kısımlarından elde edilen etanol ekstraktları, dünyanın birçok bölgesinde depolanmış tahılların önemli zararlısı olan Rhyzopertha dominica (Fab.) (Coleoptera: Bostrichidae) erginlerine karşı toksisiteleri açısından değerlendirilmişlerdir. Böcek öldürücü aktivitesi, %10 etanol ekstrakt konsantrasyonunda analiz edilmiş ve ölçümler, üç farklı zamanda (24, 48 ve 72 saat) alınmıştır. Bu tür üzerine analiz edilen faktörler değerlendirildiğinde Hypericum türleri, bitki kısmı, maruz kalma süresi ve Hypericum türleri ile bitki kısmı arasındaki etkileşimin istatistiksel olarak önemli bir etkisi olduğu görülmüştür. H. perforatum, H. heterophyllum ve H. scabrum'dan elde edilen ekstraktların ölüm değerleri, 72 saat sonra R. dominca ergini için sırasıyla %44.8 ila %88.9, %26.0 ila %78.8 ve %26.1 ila %50.3 arasında değişmiştir. H. perforatum diğer türlere göre daha güçlü etki göstermiştir. Bitki kısımları arasında yaprak, tür üzerinde üstün ölüm oranı göstermiştir. Ek olarak, maruz kalma süresinin artmasıyla ölüm oranı artmıştır. Hypericum türleri ile bitki kısmı arasındaki etkileşime göre en yüksek ölüm oranını H. perforatum yaprağı (%79.4) gösterirken, onu H. heterophyllum yaprağı (%70.6) izlemiştir. 72 saat sonra, en yüksek ölüm H. perforatum’un yaprak kısımlarında kaydedilmiştir. Mevcut sonuçlar, ekstraktlardan, özellikle H. perforatum ve H. heterophyllum'un yaprak ekstraktlarının, R. dominica'ya karşı yüksek mortalite etkisi nedeniyle bitki kaynaklı insektisitin yeni bir doğal potansiyel ürünü olarak değerlendirilebilir.

Anahtar Kelimeler

• Hypericum perforatum
• Hypericum heterophyllum
• Hypericum scabrum
• Rhyzopertha dominica
• insektisit etki

Proje Numarası

6602c-ZF/17-137

Contact Toxicity of Hypericum Extracts against Rhyzopertha dominica (Fab.) (Coleoptera: Bostrichidae)

Öz

Medicinal and aromatic plants have popular recently to investigate their usability as natural resources in many areas due to their superior biological activity properties. Hypericum genus contained important medicinal plant species known worldwide. In this study, the ethanol extracts from different plant parts (flower, leaf and stem) of three Hypericum perforatum, Hypericum heterophyllum, Hypericum scabrum were screened for their toxicity against adults of Rhyzopertha dominica (Coleoptera: Bostrichidae), an important insect of stored grains in many regions of the world. Insecticidal activity was analysed at 10 % concentration of ethanol extracts, and measurements were taken at three different exposure times (24, 48 and 72 hours). Considering the factors analyzed on this insect, Hypericum species, plant part, exposure time as well as the interaction of Hypericum species and plant part displayed a statistically significant effect. The mortality values of extracts from H. perforatum, H. heterophyllum and H. scabrum varied from 44.8 % to 88.9 %, 26.0 to 78.8 %, 26.1 % to 50.3 % for adult of R. dominca, respectively, after 72 h. H. perforatum showed a stronger effect than other species. Among plant parts, the leaf showed superior mortality on this insect. In addition, the mortality rate increased with increasing exposure time. According to the interaction between Hypericum species and the plant part, the leaf of H. perforatum (79.4 %) displayed the strongest mortality, followed by the leaf of H. heterophyllum (70.6 %). After 72 hours, the highest mortality was recorded in the leaf parts of H. perforatum. The current results showed that the extracts, in particular, the leaf extracts of H. perforatum and H. heterophyllum, may be evaluated as a new natural potential product of plant-derived insecticide because of its high mortality impact against R. dominica.

Anahtar Kelimeler

• Hypericum perforatum
• Hypericum heterophyllum
• Hypericum scabrum
• Rhyzopertha dominica
• insecticidal effect

Destekleyen Kurum

Scientific Research Center of Yozgat Bozok University

Proje Numarası

6602c-ZF/17-137

Teşekkür

This work supported by the Scientific Research Center of Yozgat Bozok University (project no: 6602c-ZF/17-137), Yozgat.

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