Effect of Cutting Treatment on Seed Yield and Seed Quality of Dill

Öz

Dill, Anethum graveolens L., is grown in various regions of the world. It has been used as vegetable and medicinal plant since ancient times. Seed quality is important in dill cultivation and there is limited information on the effects of cutting treatment in this species. This research was carried out to find out the effect of cutting treatment on phenological traits, seed yield and quality of dill at Ege University, Izmir, during 2016-2018. The experiments were carried out in the randomized complete block design with three replications, comprising of cutting treatment for both spring and autumn seeding period. Significant differences were noted in the flowering period, seed yield and quality attributes with cutting treatment for both seeding period. The obtained results showed that the days from sowing to bolting initiation were increased with cutting treatment from 51 days to 65 days in spring seeding period and from 153 days to 184 days in autumn seeding period. The plant height, number of umbels per plant, seed weight per plant were lower in the cut plants in comparison to that of uncut plants for both seeding period. The uncut plants has produced significantly higher plant height (113 cm-spring seeding period; 133 cm-autumn seeding period), number of umbels/plant (8.4-spring seeding period; 10.1-autumn seeding period) and seed weight/plant (6.4 g-spring seeding period; 10.9 g-autumn seeding period). The cutting treatment decreased germination percentage by 9.27% in the spring seeding period and by 12.13% in the autumn seeding period compared to the control plant seeds. Lower mean germination time at 20/30°C (3.77 days-spring seeding period; 4.54 days-autumn seeding period) were also observed in uncut plants. Thus, it was concluded that cutting is not recommended in the vegetative stage in dill seed production as it provided lower seed yield and seed quality for both autumn and spring seed planting periods.

Anahtar Kelimeler

• Anethum graveolens L.
• cutting treatment
• phenological observations
• seed yield
• germination

Effect of Cutting Treatment on Seed Yield and Seed Quality of Dill

Öz

Dereotu, Anethum graveolens L., dünyanın çeşitli bölgelerinde yetiştirilmektedir. Antik çağlardan beri sebze ve tıbbi bitki olarak kullanılmaktadır. Dereotu yetiştiriciliğinde tohum kalitesi önemlidir ve bu türde biçimin etkileri konusunda sınırlı bilgi bulunmaktadır. Bu araştırma, dereotunun fenolojik özellikleri, tohum verimi ve kalite parametreleri üzerine biçimin etkisini belirlemek amacıyla, 2016-2018 yıllarında Ege Üniversitesi, İzmir’de yapılmıştır. Denemeler, ilkbahar ve sonbahar tohum ekim döneminde, tesadüf blokları deneme deseninde, üç tekerrürlü olarak kurulmuştur. Her iki ekim döneminde de biçim ile çiçeklenme dönemi, tohum verimi ve kalite özelliklerinde önemli farklılıklar kaydedilmiştir. Elde edilen sonuçlar, tohum ekim tarihinden generatif dönem başlangıcına kadar geçen sürenin biçim uygulaması ile ilkbahar tohum ekim döneminde 51 günden 65 güne; sonbahar tohum ekim döneminde 153 günden 184 güne çıktığını göstermiştir. Biçim yapılan bitkilerde bitki boyu, bitki başına şemsiye sayısı ve bitki başına tohum ağırlığı, her iki ekim döneminde de biçim yapılmamış bitkilere göre daha düşük bulunmuştur. Biçim yapılmayan bitkiler, daha yüksek bitki boyu (113 cm-ilkbahar ekim dönemi; 133 cm sonbahar ekim dönemi), bitki başına şemsiye sayısı (8.4-ilkbahar ekim dönemi; 10.1-sonbahar ekim dönemi) ve bitki başına tohum ağırlığı (6.4 g-ilkbahar ekim dönemi; 10.9 g-sonbahar ekim dönemi) meydana getirmiştir. Biçim uygulaması kontrol bitki tohumlarına göre çimlenme yüzdesini ilkbahar ekim döneminde %9.27, sonbahar ekim döneminde ise %12.13 oranında düşürmüştür. Biçim yapılmayan bitkilerde daha düşük ortalama çimlenme zamanı (3.77 gün-ilkbahar ekim dönemi; 4.54 gün sonbahar ekim dönemi) gözlenmiştir. Bu nedenle, dereotu tohumluk üretiminde, hem sonbahar hem de ilkbahar ekim döneminde daha düşük tohum verimi ve tohum kalitesini sağladığı için, vejetatif aşamada biçimin tavsiye edilmediği sonucuna varılmıştır.

Anahtar Kelimeler

• Anethum graveolens L.,
• biçim
• fenolojik özellikler
• tohum verimi
• çimlenme

Kaynakça

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