Effects of Combination of Copper Fungicide and Plant Activator on Late Blight and Quality Criteria of Potato

Öz

Late blight caused by Phytophthora infestans is one of the most important fungal diseases that cause damage to both the green parts and tuber of the potato plant and limits potato cultivation. Systemic fungicides are mostly preferred by farmers in the control of potato late blight. The fact that systemic fungicides cause health problems in terms of human and environmental health has revealed the need for research on control methods that do not threaten environmental health. In recent years, successful results have been obtained in the control of many diseases with plant activators known as Induced Systemic Resistance (ISR) promoters. This study was carried out in the spring season of 2016-2017 to observe the effect of copper fungicide and plant activator (Lactobacillus acidophilus fermentation product) combination on the control of potato late blight disease and some quality criteria of potato tubers in the experimental plots of Ege University Ödemiş Vocational School in Ödemiş district of İzmir province. The experiment was planned as two separate experiments with Marabel and Melody potato cultivars. The experiment was established according to a split-plot experimental design with four replications. In this study, the effect of the treatments on potato quality and yield criteria such as tuber number, tuber width, tuber length, single tuber weight, yield per decare, and the effects of the pesticides on potato late blight disease and disease severity parameters were evaluated. When the data obtained as a result of the study were evaluated, it was determined that the combination application had a positive effect on the control of potato late blight disease in both potato cultivars compared to the control plots. When the quality criteria of potato tubers were evaluated, the highest number of tubers was obtained from the plots where copper fungicide and plant activator (Isr-2000) combination was applied. Significant increase was obtained in potato quality and yield criteria such as tuber width, tuber length, average tuber weight and yield per decare when the combination plots were compared with the control plots. In conclusion, the use of contact fungicides and plant activator combinations in the control of late blight in the spring period within the scope of sustainable agriculture is promising as an application alternative in the control of plant diseases in organic agriculture.

Anahtar Kelimeler

• Potato
• Phytophthora infestans
• Organic agriculture
• Plant activator
• Copper fungicide

Effects of Combination of Copper Fungicide and Plant Activator on Late Blight and Quality Criteria of Potato

Öz

Phytophthora infestans’ın neden olduğu mildiyö hastalığı patates bitkisinde hem yeşil aksamda hem de yumruda zarara sebep olan, patates yetiştiriciliğini sınırlandıran en önemli fungal hastalıklardan birisidir. Patates mildiyösü ile mücadelede çiftçiler tarafından en çok sistemik fungusitler tercih edilmektedir. Sistemik fungusitlerin insan ve çevre sağlığı açısından sağlık sorunlarına sebep olması, çevre sağlığını tehdit etmeyen mücadele yöntemleri araştırma ihtiyacını ortaya çıkarmıştır. Son yıllarda yapılan araştırmalarda uyarılmış sistemik dayanıklılık (Induced Systemic Resistance) (ISR) teşvik edici olarak bilinen bitki aktivatörleri ile birçok hastalığın kontrolünde başarılı sonuçlar elde edilmiştir. Çalışma İzmir iline bağlı Ödemiş ilçesinde yer alan Ege Üniversitesi Ödemiş Meslek Yüksekokulu deneme parsellerinde bakırlı fungusit ile bitki aktivatörü (Lactobacillus acidophilus fermentasyon ürünü) kombinasyonunun, patates mildiyösü hastalığının kontrolündeki ve patates yumrularının bazı kalite kriterleri üzerindeki etkisini gözlemlemek amacıyla 2016-2017 yıllarında ilkbahar sezonunda yürütülmüştür. Deneme Marabel ve Melody patates çeşitleri ile iki ayrı deneme şeklinde planlanmıştır. Deneme, dört tekerrürlü bölünen bölünmüş parseller deneme desenine göre kurulmuştur. Bu çalışmada, uygulamaların yumru adedi, yumru eni, yumru boyu, tek yumru ağırlığı, dekara verim gibi patateste kalite ve verim kriterleri ve patates mildiyösü hastalığına ilaçların etkisi ve hastalık şiddeti parametreleri değerlendirmeye alınmıştır. Çalışma sonucunda elde edilen veriler değerlendirildiğinde, kombinasyon uygulamasının kontrol parsellerine kıyasla her iki patates çeşidinde de patates geç yanıklık hastalığının kontrolü üzerinde olumlu bir etkiye sahip olduğu tespit edilmiştir. Patates yumrularının kalite kriterleri değerlendirildiğinde, bakırlı fungusit ve bitki aktivatörü (Isr-2000) kombinasyonu uyguladığımız parsellerden en yüksek yumru adedi elde edilmiştir. Yumru eni, yumru boyu, ortalama yumru ağırlığı ve dekara verim gibi patatesin kalite ve verim kriterlerinde kombinasyon uygulanan parseller kontrol parselleri ile kıyaslandığında önemli artış elde edilmiştir. Sonuç olarak, sürdürülebilir tarım kapsamında ilkbahar döneminde patates mildiyösü hastalığının kontrolünde kontakt etkili fungusitler ve bitki aktivatörü kombinasyonlarının kullanımı organik tarımda bitki hastalıkları ile mücadelede bir uygulama alternatifi olarak umut vadetmektedir.

Anahtar Kelimeler

• Potato
• Plant Activator
• Patates
• Phytophthora infestans
• Organik Tarım
• Bitki aktivatörü
• Bakırlı fungusit

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