Determination of Bioremediation Potentials and Plant Growth-Promoting Properties of Bacillus Species Isolated from The Rhizosphere of Dactylorhiza urvilleana

Öz

Industrial activities have been one of the biggest factors of environmental destruction by affecting natural resources for decades. Heavy metals, which are one of the greatest dangers especially for the biosphere, can be found in industrial waste. Heavy metals that enter agricultural areas through industrial wastewater cause heavy metals to accumulate in the soil after a certain period. These accumulated heavy metals become an important environmental problem, threatening the life of living beings due to their toxic properties. In soils contaminated with wastewater containing heavy metals, microorganism populations are severely damaged in terms of both number and diversity. This heavy metal accumulation in water and soil has become a global health threat. Alternative processes are needed in the fight against heavy metal pollution. Bioremediation activity, defined as the removal process of environmental pollutants through microorganisms and plants, has gained significant importance in recent years. In our study, the tolerance potentials of Bacillus species isolated from the rhizosphere of Dactylorhiza urvilleana (Steudel) Bauman in the Ovit plateau of Rize province to metals (such as copper, lead, zinc, iron and silver) were investigated. In addition, plant growth promoting Indole Acetic Acid (IAA) production, phosphate dissolution, and ACC (1-Aminocyclopropane-1-Carboxylic acid) deaminase production were determined. It was determined that the isolated Bacillus species had a wide pH growth range and some Bacillus species were salt tolerant. The results showed that Bacillus species have bioremediation potential and plant growth promoting properties. It is thought that the bacteria isolated from the study can be used to make areas with heavy metal pollution suitable for plant cultivation and act as plant growth promoters in these areas. These bacteria strains are planned to be used as cheaper and more effective methods in studies in agriculture or areas with heavy metal pollution.

Anahtar Kelimeler

• Bacillus
• Bioremediation
• Metal tolerance
• Salt tolerance
• Indole Acetic Acid (IAA)

Destekleyen Kurum

RECEP TAYYİP ERDOĞAN ÜNİVERSİTESİ

Proje Numarası

RTEU-2015.53002.102.03.01

Teşekkür

This work supported supported by the Recep Tayyip Erdogan University Scientific Research Project (Project No: RTEU-2015.53002.102.03.01), Rize, Turkey.

Dactylorhiza urvilleana Rizosferinden İzole Edilen Bacillus Türlerinin Biyoremediasyon Potansiyellerinin ve Bitki Büyümesini Destekleyici Özelliklerinin Belirlenmesi

Öz

Sanayi faaliyetleri onlarca yıldır doğal kaynakları etkileyerek çevresel tahribatın en büyük etkenlerinin başında gelmektedir. Özellikle biyosfer için en büyük tehlikelerden biri olan ağır metaller sanayi atığının içeriğinde bulunabilmektedir. Endüstriyel atık sular yoluyla tarım alanlarına giren ağır metaller, belirli bir süre sonra ağır metallerin toprakta birikmesine neden olmaktadır. Biriken bu ağır metaller, toksik özellikleri nedeniyle canlıların yaşamını tehdit eden önemli bir çevre sorununa dönüşmektedir. Ağır metaller içeren atık sularla kirlenmiş topraklarda mikroorganizma popülasyonları hem sayı hem de çeşitlilik açısından ciddi zarar görmektedir. Suda ve toprakta meydana gelen bu ağır metal birikimi evrensel boyutlara ulaşan bir sağlık tehdidi haline gelmiştir. Ağır metal kirliliği ile mücadelede alternatif süreçlere ihtiyaç duyulmaktadır. Mikroorganizmalar ve bitkiler aracılığı ile çevresel kirleticilerin giderim süreci olarak tanımlanan biyoremidasyon faaliyeti son yıllarda büyük önem kazanmıştır. Çalışmamızda Rize ili Ovit yaylasındaki Dactylorhiza urvilleana (Steudel) Bauman rizosferinden izole edilen Bacillus türlerinin bakır, kurşun, çinko, demir, gümüş gibi metallere olan tolerans potansiyelleri araştırıldı. Ayrıca bitki gelişimini teşvik edici İndol Asetik Asit (IAA) üretimi, fosfat çözündürme, ACC (1-Aminosiklopropan-1-Karboksilat) deminaz üretimi gibi özellikleri belirlendi. İzole edilen tüm Bacillus türlerinin geniş bir pH üreme aralığına sahip olduğu ve bazı Bacillus türlerinin tuz toleransına sahip olduğu belirlendi. Sonuçlar, Bacillus türlerinin biyoremediasyon potansiyeline ve bitki büyümesini teşvik edici özelliklere sahip olduğunu göstermiştir. Çalışmadan izole edilen bakterilerin ağır metal kirliliği olan alanların bitki yetiştiriciliğine uygun hale getirilmesinde kullanılabileceği ve bu alanlarda bitki gelişimini destekleyici olarak görev yapabileceği düşünülmektedir. Bu bakteri suşlarının tarımda veya ağır metal kirliliği olan bölgelerde yapılacak çalışmalarda daha ucuz ve daha etkili yöntemler olarak kullanılması planlanmaktadır.

Anahtar Kelimeler

• Bacillus
• Biyoremediasyon
• İndol asetik asit (IAA)
• Metal toleransı
• Tuz toleransı

Proje Numarası

RTEU-2015.53002.102.03.01

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