Effect of Olive Leaves Hydroalcoholic Extract (Olea Europaea L.) and LactoFeed® probiotics on Induced Ascites in Male Broilers

Öz

The incidence of disease and damage will increase, if environmental control and acceptable management practices are not provided during the rearing period. Ascites affect young broilers with rapid growth, and the most critical factor in causing ascites syndrome is the lack of oxygen in body tissues (hypoxia). This research aimed to investigate the effect of olive leaves hydroalcoholic extract and probiotics (LactoFeed) on experimental ascites caused by levothyroxine in male broiler chickens. The present study was an interventional type, and for its implementation, a single-factor design was used in eight groups with 3 replicates. Data were analyzed based on a one-way analysis of variance. Blood parameters of male chickens were measured after 42 days. Biochemical factors of the blood serum of broilers included AST, ALT, ALT, TSHT, T4, T3, Glucose, Cholesterol, Triglyceride, Urea, Uric acid, TP, Albumin, and Globulin. AST, ALT, and ALP levels in the induced ascites group increased by 1.16, 1.35, and 1.16 times, respectively. When the chickens had induced ascites, the levels of all three hormones in the blood serum of broiler chickens increased significantly (P<0.01). AST showed a positive and significant correlation with ALT, T4, and T3 (0.76, 0.71, and 0.75, respectively). But there was a very significant negative correlation between TP (-0.86) and albumin (-0.84). T4 had a positive and significant correlation with T3, glucose, cholesterol, TG, and urea. The olive extract had a positive effect on induced ascites and improved poultry performance. Probiotics, also, had a positive effect on the treatment of birds induced ascites.

Anahtar Kelimeler

• Olive leaves extract
• Probiotic
• LactoFeed
• Ascites
• Levothyroxine

Kaynakça

1. Afacan, A., Adiloğlu, S. and Hasanghasemi, A. (2014). Determination of antioxidant activity of sunflower growing in Hayrabolu District of Tekirdağ Province. Journal of Tekirdag Agricultural Faculty, 11(2): 21-26.
2. El, S. N. and Karakaya, S. (2009). Olive tree (Olea europaea) leaves: potential beneficial effects on human health. Nutrition reviews, 67(11): 632-638.
3. Esen, S., Okuyucu, B., Fisun, K. and Özdüven, M.L. (2022). Determination of nutritional quality and aerobic stability of sorghum, maize, and sorghum-maize mixture silages. Journal of Tekirdag Agricultural Faculty, 19(1): 61-69.
4. Gamero, M., Kim, W. S., Hong, S., Vorobiev, D., Morgan, C. D. and Park, S. I. (2021). Multimodal sensing capabilities for the detection of shunt failure. Sensors, 21(5): 1747.
5. Georgieva, N. V., Koinarski, V. and Gadjeva, V. (2006). Antioxidant status during the course of Eimeria tenella infection in broiler chickens. The Veterinary Journal, 172(3): 488-492.
6. Hayes, J. E., Allen, P., Brunton, N., O’grady, M. N. and Kerry, J. P. (2011). Phenolic composition and in vitro antioxidant capacity of four commercial phytochemical products: Olive leaf extract (Olea europaea L.), lutein, sesamol and ellagic acid. Food Chemistry, 126(3): 948-955.
7. Hossain, M. E. and Akter, N. (2022). Further insights into the prevention of pulmonary hypertension syndrome (ascites) in broiler: a 65-year review. World's Poultry Science Journal, 78(3): 641-688.
8. Julian, R. J. (2000). Physiological, management and environmental triggers of the ascites syndrome: A review. Avian pathology, 29(6): 519-527.

9. Khosravinezhad, M., Talebi, E., Shivakumar, Z. N. and Nasrollahi, I. (2017). Essential oil composition and antimicrobial, antioxidant activities of Oliveria decumbens Vent. International Journal of Herbal Medicine, 5: 102-106.
10. Li, L., Jia, Q., Chen, L. and Wang, W. (2022). Changes in the expression of MIF and other key enzymes of energy metabolism in the myocardia of broiler chickens with ascites syndrome. Animals, 12(19): 2488.
11. Luger, D., Shinder, D., Wolfenson, D. and Yahav, S. (2003). Erythropoiesis regulation during the development of ascites syndrome in broiler chickens: A possible role of corticosterone. Journal of Animal Science, 81(3): 784-790.
12. Ma, Y., Freitag, P., Zhou, J., Brune, B., Frede, S. and Fandrey, J. (2004). Thyroid hormone induces erythropoietin gene expression through augmented accumulation of hypoxia-inducible factor-1. American Journal of Physiology-Regulatory, Integrative and Comparative Physiology, 287(3): R600-R607.
13. Manafi, M., Khalaji, S., Hedayati, M. and Pirany, N. (2017). Efficacy of Bacillus subtilis and bacitracin methylene disalicylate on growth performance, digestibility, blood metabolites, immunity, and intestinal microbiota after intramuscular inoculation with Escherichia coli in broilers. Poultry science, 96(5): 1174-1183.
14. Martínez, Y., Almendares, C. I., Hernández, C. J., Avellaneda, M. C., Urquía, A. M. and Valdivié, M. (2021). Effect of acetic acid and sodium bicarbonate supplemented to drinking water on water quality, growth performance, organ weights, cecal traits and hematological parameters of young broilers. Animals, 11(7): 1865.
15. Nasrollahi, I., Talebi, E. and Nemati, Z. (2016). Study on Silybum marianum seed through fatty acids comparison, peroxide tests, refractive index and oil percentage. Pharmacognosy Journal, 8(6): 595-597.
16. Nemati, M. H., Shahir, M. H., Harakinezhad, M. T. and Lotfalhian, H. (2017). Cold-induced ascites in broilers: effects of vitamin C and coenzyme Q10. Brazilian Journal of Poultry Science, 19: 537-544.
17. Ohashi, Y. and Ushida, K. (2009). Health‐beneficial effects of probiotics: Its mode of action. Animal Science Journal, 80(4): 361-371.
18. Omar, S. H. (2010). Oleuropein in olive and its pharmacological effects. Scientia pharmaceutica, 78(2): 133-154.
19. Özkan, S., Takma, C., Yahav, S., Söğüt, B., Türkmut, L., Erturun, H. and Cahaner, A. (2010). The effects of feed restriction and ambient temperature on growth and ascites mortality of broilers reared at high altitude. Poultry science, 89(5): 974-985.
20. Pereira, A. G., Fraga-Corral, M., García-Oliveira, P., Jimenez-Lopez, C., Lourenço-Lopes, C., Carpena, Otero, P., Gullón, P., Prieto, M., A. and Simal-Gandara, J. (2020). Culinary and nutritional value of edible wild plants from northern Spain rich in phenolic compounds with potential health benefits. Food & Function, 11(10): 8493-8515.
21. Roshanak, S., Rahimmalek, M. and Goli, S. A. H. (2016). Evaluation of seven different drying treatments in respect to total flavonoid, phenolic, vitamin C content, chlorophyll, antioxidant activity and color of green tea (Camellia sinensis or C. assamica) leaves. Journal of Food Science and Technology, 53: 721-729.
22. Şahin, S., Tonkaz, T. and Yarilgaç, T. (2022). Chemical composition, antioxidant capacity and total phenolic content of hazelnuts grown in different countries. Journal of Tekirdag Agricultural Faculty, 19(2): 262-270. SAS Institute. (2004). SAS/ETS 9.1 User's Guide. SAS Institute.
23. Shimizu, K., Ogura, H., Asahara, T., Nomoto, K., Morotomi, M., Tasaki, Matsushima, A., Kuwagata, Y., Shimazu, Y. and Sugimoto, H. (2013). Probiotic/synbiotic therapy for treating critically ill patients from a gut microbiota perspective. Digestive Diseases and Sciences, 58: 23-32.
24. Shishehbor, F., Joola, P., Malehi, A. S. and Jalalifar, M. A. (2021). The effect of black seed raisin on some cardiovascular risk factors, serum malondialdehyde, and total antioxidant capacity in hyperlipidemic patients: A randomized controlled trials. Irish Journal of Medical Science, (1971-): 1-10.
25. Stanton, A. V., James, K., Brennan, M. M., O’Donovan, F., Buskandar, F., Shortall, K., El-Sayed, T., Kennedy, J., Hayes, H., Fahey, A. G. and Pender, N. (2020). Omega-3 index and blood pressure responses to eating foods naturally enriched with omega-3 polyunsaturated fatty acids: a randomized controlled trial. Scientific Reports, 10(1): 15444.
26. Talebi, E., Rowghani Haghighi Fard, E., Navabi, M. and Eatemadi, M. (2021). Evaluating the effect of two types of thyme essential oils (Zataria multiflora & Ziziphora clinopodioides lam) on some productive traits and blood parameters in broilers. Poultry Science Journal, 9(1): 107-119.
27. Willems, O. W., Miller, S. P. and Wood, B. J. (2013). Aspects of selection for feed efficiency in meat producing poultry. World's Poultry Science Journal, 69(1): 77-88.
28. Zerjal, T., Härtle, S., Gourichon, D., Guillory, V., Bruneau, N., Laloë, D., Pinard-van Der Laan, M. H., Trapp, S., Bed’hom, B. and Quéré, P. (2021). Assessment of trade-offs between feed efficiency, growth-related traits, and immune activity in experimental lines of layer chickens. Genetics Selection Evolution, 53(1): 1-17.
29. Zheng, L. X., Chen, X. Q. and Cheong, K. L. (2020). Current trends in marine algae polysaccharides: The digestive tract, microbial catabolism, and prebiotic potential. International Journal of Biological Macromolecules, 151: 344-354.