Farklı Kabakgil Genotiplerinin Kabak Sarı Mozaik Virüsü (Zucchini Yellow Mosaic Virus-ZYMV)’ne Karşı Duyarlılıklarının Belirlenmesi

Yıl 2024, , 880 - 891, 20.09.2024

Akife Dalda Şekerci , Cemile Temur Çınar , Emel Ünlü , Hakan Fidan , Halit Yetişir

https://doi.org/10.33462/jotaf.1283160

Öz

Oldukça farklı özelliklere sahip türlerin yer aldığı Cucurbitaceae familyasının üyeleri gıda, ilaç ve süs amaçlı kullanılmaktadır. Ancak çoğu bitki hastalığı ve zararlısı kabakgillerde verim ve kalite kayıplarına neden olmaktadır. Kabakgil üretiminde ciddi verim kayıplarına neden olan bu hastalıkların en önemlilerinden biri dünya çapında en yaygın görülen potyvirüslerden biri olan kabak sarı mozaik virüsüdür (ZYMV). Kabak sarı mozaik virüsü, sararma, beneklenme, kıvrılma, deformasyon, mozaikleşme, boğum aralarının kısalması ve kalınlaşması gibi belirtiler göstermekle birlikte verim ve kalite kaybına da neden olabilmektedir. Bilindiği gibi viral hastalıklara karşı etkili bir kimyasal mücadele mevcut olmayıp, dirençli veya toleranslı çeşitlerin kullanılması en etkili çözümdür. Bu çalışmada Türkiye'nin farklı yerlerinden toplanan 92 karpuz, 14 çekirdeklik kabak ve 29 süs kabağı genotipi, ZYMV'ye karşı test edilmiştir. Farklı karpuz genotipleri ve kabaklarda ZYMV belirtileri 21 gün boyunca gözlemlenmiştir. İnokulasyon sonrası sistemik enfeksiyon gösteren genotipler 0-5 hastalık skalasına göre değerlendirilmiştir. Ayrıca RT-PCR testiyle, dokuz simptomsuz kontrol bitkisi, 5 skala değerine giren ZYMV'ye duyarlı yedi genotip, toleranslı kabul edilen 1 skala değerine giren bir genotip ve C. lanatus var. sitroidler testlenmiştir. Sonuçlara göre bazı karpuz ve süs kabağı genotiplerinin toleranslı olarak değerlendirilebileceği belirlendi. PI560016 erişim numarasına sahip karpuzun Türkiye'deki yerel ZYMV türüne karşı dirençli olduğu belirlendi. Karpuz genotipleri arasında farklı duyarlılık düzeyleri tespit edilmesine rağmen tüm kabak genotiplerinin Türkiye'nin yerel ZYMV türüne karşı duyarlı olduğu tespit edilmiştir.

Anahtar Kelimeler

Cucurbitaceae, Karpuz, Balkabağı, ZYMV, RT-PCR

Assessment of Different Cucurbit Genotypes for Resistance to Zucchini Yellow Mosaic Virus (ZYMV)

Öz

Members of the Cucurbitaceae family, which includes species with quite different characteristics, have been used for food, medicine, and ornamental purposes for a long time. However, most plant diseases and pests cause yield and quality losses in cucurbits, and one of the most important of these diseases is zucchini yellow mosaic virus (ZYMV), which one of the most common potyviruses worldwide and causes serious yield losses in cucurbit production worldwide. Zucchini Yellow Mosaic Virus shows symptoms such as yellowing, mottling, curling, deformation, mosaic, shortening and thickening of the internodes, and may also cause loss of yield and quality. As widely known, there is no effective chemical control of viral diseases, and the use of resistant or tolerant varieties is the most effective solution. In this study, 92 watermelon genotypes, 14 zucchinis (pumpkin seeds) and 29 ornamental pumpkins collected from different parts of Türkiye were tested against ZYMV. Symptoms of ZYMV in different watermelon genotypes and pumpkins were observed for 21 days. Genotypes showing systemic infection after inoculation were evaluated on a scale of 0-5. Also, RT-PCR studies were carried out on selecting nine symptomless control plants, seven ZYMV-sensitive genotypes showing 5-scale value, one genotype with 1-scale value considered tolerant, and one genotype belongs to C. lanatus var. citroides. According to the results, it was determined that some watermelon and ornamental pumpkin genotypes could be considered as tolerant. Watermelon, which was having accession number PI560016, was found resistant to Turkish local strain of ZYMV. Although different susceptibility levels were detected between watermelon genotypes, all pumpkin genotypes were discovered to be susceptible to the Turkish local strain of ZYMV.

Anahtar Kelimeler

Cucurbitaceae, Watermelon, Pumpkin, ZYMV, RT-PCR

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