Araştırma Makalesi

Toxicity of Propylene Oxide Alone and Combined with Low Pressure or Carbon Dioxide on the Life Stages of Plodia interpunctella Hübner (Pyralidae: Lepidoptera)

Cilt: 23 Sayı: 1 7 Ocak 2026
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Toxicity of Propylene Oxide Alone and Combined with Low Pressure or Carbon Dioxide on the Life Stages of Plodia interpunctella Hübner (Pyralidae: Lepidoptera)

Öz

The primary objective of this research was to explore the viability of employing propylene oxide (PO) as an alternative fumigant to methyl bromide for effectively and rapidly controlling Plodia interpunctella infestations. To this end, laboratory bioassays were carried out to determine the toxicity levels—Lethal Concentration50 (LC50) and Lethal Concentration90 (LC90)—of PO under three conditions: normal pressure (PO alone), low pressure of 100 mm Hg (PO + vacuum), and in the presence of 92% CO2 (PO + CO2) against all developmental stages of P. interpunctella (eggs, larvae, pupae, and adults) for short exposure time (4 hours). The results of the lethal concentration tests indicated that the most toxic treatment against all biological stages of P. interpunctella was the combination of PO and vacuum, followed by the PO + CO2 combination and PO alone treatment. Compared to the toxicity values with PO alone treated, there was a significant reduction in LC90 values ranging from 2.07 to 4.04 times for all biological stages of P. interpunctella when PO was treated under vacuum. In the case of the PO+CO2 combination, there was also a notable decrease in LC90 values ranging from 1.24 to 1.95 times. Toxicity data revealed a significantly higher reduction in LC90 values with the PO + vacuum compared to PO+CO2 treatment and suggests a synergistic effect of the combination of PO with 100 mm Hg vacuum and 92% CO2 on biological stages of P. interpunctella. According to the results of lethal concentration tests, it was determined that PO showed different toxicity against the life stages of P. interpunctella. As a result of the study, in general, P. interpunctella larvae and pupae were the most resistant to PO alone, PO + vacuum, and PO + CO2 treatments, while P. interpunctella adults and eggs were the most sensitive. When exposed to PO alone for 4 hours, the order of tolerance between life stages at LC90 was found to be pupa > larva > adult > egg. The results of the study revealed that PO could be a promising alternative fumigant for rapid control of insect contamination. However, further research and testing in real-storage conditions will be essential to validate the practical viability of implementing PO-based fumigation on a larger scale.

Anahtar Kelimeler

Etik Beyan

There is no need to obtain permission from the ethics committee for this study.

Teşekkür

This study includes the data of the master's thesis.

Kaynakça

  1. Alagöz, V. and Sağlam, Ö. (2022). Insecticidal efficacy of some Turkish diatomaceous earth deposits against rice weevil, Sitophilus oryzae L. (Coleoptera:Curculionidae) on paddy. Journal of Tekirdağ Agricultural Faculty, 19(2): 446-455.
  2. Bilgili, Y. (2015). Evaluation of propylene oxide as an alternative fumigant to methyl bromide in quarantine applications of stored product pests. (MSc. Thesis) Kahramanmaraş Sütçü İmam University, Institute of Science, Department of Plant Protection, Kahramanmaraş, Türkiye.
  3. Celik, N., Sullivan, G., Ozman-Sullivan, S. and Ocal, H. (2008). Insect pests of stored hazelnuts in Samsun province, Turkey. VII International Congress on Hazelnut, 23-27 June, P. 515-520, Viterbo, Italy.
  4. Daglish, G. J., Nayak, M. K. and Pavic, H. (2014) Phosphine resistance in Sitophilus oryzae (L.) from eastern Australia: Inheritance, fitness, and prevalence. Journal of Stored Products Research, 59: 237-244.
  5. Ferizli, A. G. and Emekçi, M. (2013). Control of Stored Product Pests by Chemical and Non-Chemical Methods. National Plumbing Engineering Congress, 17-20 April, P. 3-12, İzmir, Türkiye.
  6. Gautam, S., Opit, G. and Hosoda, E. (2016). Phosphine resistance in adult and immature life stages of Tribolium castaneum (Coleoptera: Tenebrionidae) and Plodia interpunctella (Lepidoptera: Pyralidae) populations in California. Journal of Economic Entomology (109): 2525-2533.
  7. Işikber, A. A., Navarro, S., Finkelman, S., Azrieli, A., Rindner, M. and Dias, R. (2002). Propylene oxide as a potential alternative to methyl bromide. 8th International Working Conference on Stored Product Protection, 22-26 July, P. 823-826, York, U. K.
  8. Işikber, A. A., Navarro, S., Finkelman, S. and Rindner, M. (2006) Propylene Oxide: A potential quarantine and pre-shipment fumigant for disinfestation of nuts. Phytoparasitica 34: 412-419.

Ayrıntılar

Birincil Dil

İngilizce

Konular

Tarımda Entomoloji

Bölüm

Araştırma Makalesi

Yayımlanma Tarihi

7 Ocak 2026

Gönderilme Tarihi

3 Kasım 2023

Kabul Tarihi

2 Ekim 2025

Yayımlandığı Sayı

Yıl 2026 Cilt: 23 Sayı: 1

Kaynak Göster

APA
Küçüktopcu, Y., & Işıkber, A. A. (2026). Toxicity of Propylene Oxide Alone and Combined with Low Pressure or Carbon Dioxide on the Life Stages of Plodia interpunctella Hübner (Pyralidae: Lepidoptera). Tekirdağ Ziraat Fakültesi Dergisi, 23(1), 1-8. https://doi.org/10.33462/jotaf.1385156
AMA
1.Küçüktopcu Y, Işıkber AA. Toxicity of Propylene Oxide Alone and Combined with Low Pressure or Carbon Dioxide on the Life Stages of Plodia interpunctella Hübner (Pyralidae: Lepidoptera). JOTAF. 2026;23(1):1-8. doi:10.33462/jotaf.1385156
Chicago
Küçüktopcu, Yeter, ve Ali Arda Işıkber. 2026. “Toxicity of Propylene Oxide Alone and Combined with Low Pressure or Carbon Dioxide on the Life Stages of Plodia interpunctella Hübner (Pyralidae: Lepidoptera)”. Tekirdağ Ziraat Fakültesi Dergisi 23 (1): 1-8. https://doi.org/10.33462/jotaf.1385156.
EndNote
Küçüktopcu Y, Işıkber AA (01 Ocak 2026) Toxicity of Propylene Oxide Alone and Combined with Low Pressure or Carbon Dioxide on the Life Stages of Plodia interpunctella Hübner (Pyralidae: Lepidoptera). Tekirdağ Ziraat Fakültesi Dergisi 23 1 1–8.
IEEE
[1]Y. Küçüktopcu ve A. A. Işıkber, “Toxicity of Propylene Oxide Alone and Combined with Low Pressure or Carbon Dioxide on the Life Stages of Plodia interpunctella Hübner (Pyralidae: Lepidoptera)”, JOTAF, c. 23, sy 1, ss. 1–8, Oca. 2026, doi: 10.33462/jotaf.1385156.
ISNAD
Küçüktopcu, Yeter - Işıkber, Ali Arda. “Toxicity of Propylene Oxide Alone and Combined with Low Pressure or Carbon Dioxide on the Life Stages of Plodia interpunctella Hübner (Pyralidae: Lepidoptera)”. Tekirdağ Ziraat Fakültesi Dergisi 23/1 (01 Ocak 2026): 1-8. https://doi.org/10.33462/jotaf.1385156.
JAMA
1.Küçüktopcu Y, Işıkber AA. Toxicity of Propylene Oxide Alone and Combined with Low Pressure or Carbon Dioxide on the Life Stages of Plodia interpunctella Hübner (Pyralidae: Lepidoptera). JOTAF. 2026;23:1–8.
MLA
Küçüktopcu, Yeter, ve Ali Arda Işıkber. “Toxicity of Propylene Oxide Alone and Combined with Low Pressure or Carbon Dioxide on the Life Stages of Plodia interpunctella Hübner (Pyralidae: Lepidoptera)”. Tekirdağ Ziraat Fakültesi Dergisi, c. 23, sy 1, Ocak 2026, ss. 1-8, doi:10.33462/jotaf.1385156.
Vancouver
1.Yeter Küçüktopcu, Ali Arda Işıkber. Toxicity of Propylene Oxide Alone and Combined with Low Pressure or Carbon Dioxide on the Life Stages of Plodia interpunctella Hübner (Pyralidae: Lepidoptera). JOTAF. 01 Ocak 2026;23(1):1-8. doi:10.33462/jotaf.1385156