Buğday Zararlısı Chaetopteroplia segetum (Coleoptera: Scarabaeidae)’un Tespiti ve Tanımlanması

Öz

Anisopliines, hem kültür bitkileri hem de yabani otlarla ilişkili önemli bir böcek grubunu oluşturur. Chaetopteroplia segetum (Herbst, 1783) (Coleoptera: Scarabaeidae), doğal bitkileri tercih etmesine rağmen, buğday, çavdar ve mısır gibi tarım ürünlerine önemli zararlar verebilen bir türdür ve bu özelliğiyle tarım alanlarında büyük bir tehdit oluşturmaktadır. Bu tür, geniş coğrafi yayılımı ile Avrupa ve Asya'da yaygın olarak bulunmakta olup, Türkiye'de de birçok ilde C. segetum örneklerine rastlanmıştır. Ancak, bu türün Scarabaeidae ailesindeki filogenetik ilişkileri henüz yeterince incelenmemiştir. Bu çalışmanın amacı, Türkiye'nin Denizli ilinin Çivril ilçesinde yer alan farklı tarım alanlarında buğday zararlısı olarak görülen C. segetum'u tespit etmek, tanımlamak ve filogenetik ilişkilerini araştırmaktır. Haziran ve Temmuz 2023 tarihleri arasında yapılan sörveyler, on iki farklı alandan sistematik bir şekilde gerçekleştirilmiş olup, önceden belirlenen noktalardan aylık örneklem toplama işlemi yapılmıştır. Toplanan örnekler, morfolojik olarak detaylı bir şekilde karakterize edilmiş ve morfolojik tanımlamalar, her bir alandan seçilen temsilci örneklerin moleküler analizleriyle doğrulanmıştır. DNA izolasyonu sonrası, LCO1490F ve HCO2198R evrensel barkod primerleri kullanılarak mitokondriyal DNA'nın sitokrom oksidaz I (COI) gen bölgesinin bir kısmı çoğaltılmıştır. Elde edilen veriler, BLAST analizi ile toplanan tüm bireylerin, daha önce bildirilen C. segetum dizileriyle %99–100 benzerlik gösterdiğini ortaya koymuştur. Ayrıca, COI gen bölgesine dayalı olarak, bireyler arasındaki filogenetik ilişkileri göstermek amacıyla MEGA X yazılımı ile neighbor-joining yöntemiyle bir filogenetik ağaç oluşturulmuştur. Türkiye'de Scarabaeidae ailesinin moleküler sınıflandırmasına dair mevcut veriler sınırlı olduğundan, bu çalışma, bu aileye ait genetik yapı ve filogenetik ilişkilerin daha iyi anlaşılmasına yönelik gelecekteki moleküler araştırmalara önemli bir temel oluşturmaktadır.

Anahtar Kelimeler

• Chaetopteroplia segetum
• buğday
• COI
• DNA barkodlama
• Türkiye

Etik Beyan

Bu çalışma için etik kuruldan izin alınmasına gerek yoktur.

Detection and Identification of Wheat Pest Chaetopteroplia segetum (Coleoptera: Scarabaeidae)

Öz

Anisopliines are an important group of insects associated with both cultivated plants and wild weeds. Chaetopteroplia segetum (Herbst, 1783) (Coleoptera: Scarabaeidae), although preferring natural plants, can cause significant damage to agricultural crops such as wheat, rye, and corn, posing a major threat to agricultural fields. This species is widely distributed across Europe and Asia, and C. segetum has been reported in several provinces in Türkiye. However, despite its extensive geographical range, the phylogenetic relationships within the Scarabaeidae family remain poorly understood. This study aimed to detect, identify, and investigate the phylogenetic relationships of this wheat pest across various agricultural fields in the Çivril district of Denizli province, Türkiye. The surveys were systematically conducted between June and July 2023, with monthly sample collections carried out at predetermined locations within twelve different fields. The collected samples were morphologically characterized, and the morphological identification was further confirmed through molecular analysis of representative samples from each field. After DNA isolation, a partial fragment of the cytochrome oxidase I (COI) gene was amplified using universal barcode primers LCO1490F and HCO2198R. BLAST analysis revealed that all collected individuals exhibited 99%–100% similarity with previously reported C. segetum sequences. Furthermore, a phylogenetic tree was constructed using the neighbor-joining method with MEGA X software, based on COI gene region data, to elucidate the relationships among the individuals. Currently, there is limited information on the molecular classification of the Scarabaeidae family in Türkiye. The findings of this study contribute to bridging this gap by providing a foundation for future molecular research aimed at better understanding the genetic structure and phylogenetic relationships within this family.

Anahtar Kelimeler

• Chaetopteroplia segetum
• Wheat
• COI
• DNA barcoding
• Türkiye

Etik Beyan

There is no need to obtain permission from the ethics committee for this study

Kaynakça

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