Evaluation of Agro-Morphological Variation in Some Elite Summer Squash (Cucurbita pepo L.) Lines

Öz

Cucurbita pepo L., belonging to the Cucurbitaceae family, is an important species with high economic value. This study was carried out within the framework of university and industry cooperation. The genetic material of the researcher consists of 113 elite summer squash (Cucurbita pepo L.) lines selected based on morphological characterisation studies conducted on the company's existing genetic resources. At the end of the study, hierarchical clustering, principal component, and correlation analyses were performed using data from thirty-five quantitative and qualitative traits of fifty selected elite lines to reveal the relationships among the traits. As a result of the clustering analysis, the distance range among the lines varied between 1.52 and 10.98, and the average coefficient of the resulting dendrogram (similarity average) was determined as 0.638. Additionally, it was found that the lines formed two main groups and seven subgroups. Group A includes a total of forty-two lines. In group B, there are eight lines. As a result of the basic component analysis, seven independent principal component axes among the plants were obtained, and these axes explain 70.23% of the total variation in the pumpkin population. When examining the values of the principal component axes, it was observed that the first principal component axis accounts for 16.81% of the total variation, the second principal component axis accounts for 14.33%, and the third principal component axis accounts for approximately 10.90%. The correlation results obtained indicate clear models and strong correlations showing significant relationships between the morphological and genetic features among the early maturing genotypes and the different groups. These findings provide strategic decisions and valuable information for plant breeding and genetic diversity studies, and they are also useful data for agricultural production and breeding efforts in line with the analyses.

Anahtar Kelimeler

• Cluster analysis
• Correlation
• Elite lines
• Morphological characterisation
• Principal component analyses
• Selection
• Summer squash

Etik Beyan

There is no need to obtain permission from the ethics committee for this study.

Teşekkür

The data collected in this study were taken from the master thesis of Abdurrahman YAŞAR (Thesis no: 796794). We thank all staff members of the R&D greenhouse of Beta Tohumculuk A.Ş. for the technical support and for supplying all facilities during the experiments.

Bazı Elit Yazlık Kabak (Cucurbita pepo L.), Hatlarında Agro-Morfolojik Varyasyonun Değerlendirilmesi

Öz

Cucurbitaceae familyasına ait olan Cucurbita pepo L., yüksek ekonomik değere sahip önemli bir türdür. Bu çalışma, üniversite ve sanayi işbirliği çerçevesinde gerçekleştirilmiştir. Araştırmanın genetik materyali, şirketin mevcut gen kaynakları üzerinde yapılan morfolojik karakterizasyon çalışmaları sonucunda seçilen 113 elit yaz kabağı (Cucurbita pepo L.) hattından oluşmaktadır. Çalışmanın sonunda, seçilen 50 elit hattın otuz beş nicel ve nitel verisi kullanılarak, hatlar arasındaki özellikler arasındaki ilişkileri ortaya koymak amacıyla hiyerarşik kümeleme, ana bileşen ve korelasyon analizleri gerçekleştirilmiştir. Kümeleme analizi sonucunda, hatlar arasındaki mesafe aralığı 1.52 ile 10.98 arasında değişmiş ve oluşan dendrogramın katsayı ortalaması (benzerlik ortalaması) 0.638 olarak belirlenmiştir. Ayrıca, hatların iki ana grup ve yedi alt grup oluşturduğu tespit edilmiştir. Grup A toplamda kırk iki hat içerirken, grup B ise sekiz hattan oluşmaktadır. Temel bileşen analizi sonucunda, bitkiler arasında yedi bağımsız temel bileşen ekseni elde edilmiş ve bu eksenler, kabak popülasyonundaki toplam varyasyonun %70.23'ünü açıklamaktadır. Ana bileşen eksenlerinin değerleri incelendiğinde, birinci ana bileşen ekseninin toplam varyasyonun %16.81'ini, ikinci ana bileşen ekseninin varyasyonun %14.33'ünü ve üçüncü ana bileşen ekseninin toplam varyasyonun yaklaşık %10.90'ını açıkladığı gözlemlenmiştir. Elde edilen korelasyon sonuçları, yaz kabağı genotipleri arasındaki morfolojik ve genetik özellikler arasında belirli değişken grupları arasında önemli ilişkiler olduğunu gösteren net modeller ve güçlü korelasyonlar göstermektedir. Bu bulgular, bitki ıslahı ve genetik çeşitlilik çalışmaları için stratejik kararlar ve değerli bilgiler sunmakta olup, analizlerle uyumlu olarak tarımsal üretim ve ıslah çalışmaları için de faydalı veriler sağlamaktadır. Ayrıca, yeni yüksek verimli çeşitlerin geliştirilmesi, genetik kaynakların korunması ve sürdürülebilir tarım uygulamaları ile tarımsal üretim süreçlerinin optimizasyonu için ıslah çalışmalarının önemli katkılar sağlaması beklenmektedir.

Anahtar Kelimeler

• Elit hatlar
• Korelasyon
• Küme analizi
• Morfolojik karekterizasyon
• Temel bileşen analizi
• Seleksiyon
• Yazlık kabak

Etik Beyan

Bu çalışma için etik kuruldan izin alınmasına gerek yoktur.

Teşekkür

The data collected in this study were taken from the master thesis of Abdurrahman YAŞAR (Thesis no: 796794). We thank all staff members of the R&D greenhouse of Beta Tohumculuk A.Ş. for the technical support and for supplying all facilities during the experiments.

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