Menekşe Bitkisinin (Saintpaulia ionantha L.) Tuza Reaksiyonunun Belirlenmesi

Öz

Tuzluluk her yıl önemli miktarda ürün kaybına neden olmaktadır. Aşırı tuzluluğun bitkinin beslenmesi ve metabolizması üzerinde farklı etkileri vardır. Bu denemede menekşe bitkileri (Saintpaulia ionantha L.) kullanılmış olup, deneme 1,5 kg’lık saksılarda kurulmuştur. Bitkiler laboratuvar şartlarında yetiştirilmiştir. Sodyum klorürden hazırlanan farklı tuz konsantrasyonlarını içeren su (S1=kontrol=0 dS m-1), S2=2 dS m-1, S3= 4 dS m-1, S4=6 dS m-1, S5=8 dS m-1 ve S6=10 dS m-1) kullanılmış olup, 2 ay sonra bitkinin gelişimini incelemek amacıyla, yaprak alanı, kök taze-kuru ağırlıkları ile yaprak taze-kuru ağırlıkları ölçülmüştür. Ayrıca, menekşe bitkisinin köklerinde ve yapraklarındaki P, K, Ca, Na, Fe, Cu, Zn ve Mn içerikleri de belirlenmiştir. Elde edilen veriler dikkate alındığında, yaprak alanı, yaprak taze-kuru ağırlıkları ile kökteki P, K ve Ca değerleri üzerine tuz dozları önemli bir etkide bulunmamıştır. Menekşe köklerinin taze-kuru ağırlıkları ile köklerdeki Na, Fe, Cu, Zn ve Mn içeriklerinin tuz uygulamalarıyla önemli düzeyde (P<0.01) değiştiği belirlenmiştir. Tuz uygulamanın kök taze-kuru ağırlıklarını düşürdüğü tespit dilmiştir. Tuzun 4 dS m-1 ve 10 dS m-1 uygulamalarında bitki köklerindeki Na içerikleri en yüksek çıkmıştır. Köklerdeki Mn, Zn ve Fe içerikleri 8 dS m-1 uygulamasına kadar, Cu içerikleri ise 10 dS.m-1 uygulamasına kadar artmıştır. Yapraktaki besin elementleri incelendiğinde, Ca ve Na içeriklerinin önemli düzeyde (P<0.01) arttığı, K içeriklerinin de arttığı, fakat bu artışın önemli olmadığı belirlenmiştir. Tuz uygulamalarıyla bitki yapraklarındaki mikro elementlerin (Mn, Zn, Cu ve Fe) önemli düzeyde (P<0.01) arttığı tespit edilmiştir. Mikro elementlerdeki bu artışların, çinkoda 10 dS m-1 uygulamasına kadar, mangan ve demirde 8 dS m-1 uygulamasına kadar, bakırda 4 dS m-1 uygulamasına kadar olduğu tespit edilmiştir. Elde edilen sonuçlara göre, menekşe bitkisinin belirli bir düzeye kadar tuz uygulamalarına toleransı olduğu belirlenmiştir.

Anahtar Kelimeler

• Menekşe bitkisi
• Saintpaulia ionantha L.
• Tuzluluk
• Makro va mikro elementler

Etik Beyan

Bu çalışma için etik kuruldan izin alınmasına gerek yoktur.

Determination of The Reaction of Violet Plant (Saintpaulia ionantha L.) to Salinity

Öz

Salinity causes significant crop loss every year. Excessive salinity has different effects on plant nutrition and metabolism. In this experiment, violet plants (Saintpaulia ionantha L.) were used and the experiment was set up in 1.5 kg pots. Plants were grown under laboratory conditions. Water containing different salt concentrations prepared from sodium chloride (S1=control=0 dS m-1, S2=2 dS m-1, S3= 4 dS m-1, S4=6 dS m-1, S5=8 dS m-1 and S6=10 dS m-1) were used. After 2 months, in order to investigate the plant development, leaf area, root fresh-dry weights and leaf fresh-dry weights were measured. In addition, P, K, Ca, Na, Fe, Cu, Zn and Mn contents in the roots and leaves of violet plants were also determined. Considering the obtained data, salt doses did not have a significant effect on leaf area, leaf fresh-dry weights and P, K and Ca values in roots. It was determined that fresh-dry weights of Saintpaulia ionantha L. plant roots and Na, Fe, Cu, Zn and Mn contents in roots changed significantly (P<0.01) with salt applications. It was found that salt applications decreased root fresh-dry weights. Na contents in plant roots were highest in 4 and 10 dS m-1 salt applications. Mn, Zn and Fe contents in roots increased up to 8 dS m-1 application, and Cu contents up to 10 dS m-1 application. When the nutrient elements in the leaves were examined, it was determined that Ca and Na contents increased significantly (P<0.01) and K contents increased but were not significant. It was found that micro elements (Mn, Zn, Cu and Fe) in plant leaves increased significantly (P<0.01) with salt applications. The microelements increases were determined up to 10 dS m-1 application in Zn, up to 8 dS m-1 application in Mn and Fe, and up to 4 dS m-1 application in Cu contents. According to the results obtained, it was determined that the violet plant is tolerant to salt applications up to a certain level.

Anahtar Kelimeler

• Viola plant
• Saintpaulia ionantha L.
• Salinity
• Macro and micro elements

Etik Beyan

There is no need to obtain permission from the ethics committee for this study.

Kaynakça

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