Türkiye’de Organik Bal Üretimi ve Üretici Sayısı ile Büyüme, İstihdam ve Tarımsal İstihdam Arasındaki İlişkinin Tespitine Yönelik Bir Analiz

Öz

Artan dünya nüfusu insanlığı daha fazla üretmeye zorlamış, gıda üretiminde kalite ve güvenlik gibi özelliklerin göz ardı edilmesi olasılığını ortaya çıkarmıştır. Değişen yaşam koşulları ve teknolojik ilerlemeler insanlığın bilinç düzeyinin değişmesine neden olmuş, gelir seviyesinin yüksek olmasına bağlı olarak bazı toplumlarda yeni talepler ortaya çıkmıştır. Bu yapı içerisinde şekillenen organik arıcılık, Türkiye’de bir model olarak gelişme eğilimindedir. Arıcılıktan elde edilen gelirin artmasını sağlayan organik arıcılık; doğal yapısı bozulmamış alanlarda konvensiyonel besleme ve kimyasal ilaçlama yapmadan, tüm aşamaların kontrol ve sertifikasyon ile denetlenmesi esasına dayanmaktadır. Organik arıcılık ürünü olarak en çok organik bal bilinmekte, balın dışında polen, propolis, arı sütü, bal mumu ve arı zehri gibi organik arı ürünleri de bulunmaktadır. Bu çalışmada Türkiye’de organik bal üretim miktarının ekonomik analizi ortaya konulmuştur. Bu amaç doğrultusunda organik bal üretiminin ve üretici sayısının ekonomik büyüme, istihdam ve tarımsal istihdam üzerindeki kısa ve uzun dönem ilişkileri tespit edilmeye çalışılmıştır. Aynı zamanda organik bal üretimi ve organik bal üretici sayısının büyüme, istihdam ve tarımsal istihdamın nedeni olma durumu da incelenmiştir. Bu kapsamda 2004-2022 yılları arası yıllık zaman serisi verileri örnek alınmıştır. Yapılan analizler neticesinde bağımsız değişken organik bal üretimi ile istihdam ve tarımsal istihdam değişkenleri arasında uzun dönemli ilişki olmadığı, büyüme değişkeni arasında ise uzun dönemli ilişki olduğu tespit edilmiştir. Diğer bir bağımsız değişken organik bal üretici sayısı ile istihdam değişkeni arasında uzun dönemli ilişki olmadığı, büyüme ve tarımsal istihdam değişkeni arasında uzun dönemli ilişki olduğu bulgusuna ulaşılmıştır. Araştırmada elde edilen bulgular organik bal üretiminin büyüme, istihdam ve tarımsal istihdamın nedeni olmadığını; organik bal üretici sayısının ise büyümenin nedeni olduğunu, istihdam ve tarımsal istihdamın nedeni olmadığını ortaya koymaktadır.

Anahtar Kelimeler

• Organik bal
• İstihdam
• Ekonomik büyüme
• Türkiye

An Analysis on The Relationship of Organic Honey Production and The Number of Producers with Growth, Employment, and Agricultural Employment in Türkiye

Öz

The growing world population has driven humanity to produce more food, potentially leading to the neglect of quality and safety in food production. Evolving life conditions and technological progress have altered the consciousness level of humanity, bringing about new demands in some communities due to high income. Organic beekeeping has developed within this structure and tends to flourish as a model in Türkiye. Organic beekeeping has increased the income from beekeeping. It is practiced in natural unspoiled areas with no conventional feeding and chemical pesticides and requires supervising all processes through inspection and certification. Besides organic honey, the most common organic beekeeping product, organic bee products include bee pollen, propolis, royal jelly, beeswax, and bee venom. This study presents the economic analysis of organic honey production volume in Türkiye. For this purpose, the short and long-term relationships of organic honey production and the number of producers with economic growth, employment, and agricultural employment were analyzed. In addition, organic honey production and the number of organic honey producers were examined as driving forces for growth, employment, and agricultural employment. In this context, annual time series data between 2004 and 2022 were used as the sample. According to the analysis, organic honey production, an independent variable, had no long-term relationship with employment and agricultural employment variables, whereas it had a long-term relationship with the growth variable. The number of organic honey producers, another independent variable, was found to have no long-run relationship with the employment variable; however, it had a long-term relationship with the growth and agricultural employment variables. The findings of the study indicated that organic honey production did not drive growth, employment, or agricultural employment. On the other hand, the number of organic honey producers led to growth, yet not to employment or agricultural employment.

Anahtar Kelimeler

• Organic honey
• Employment
• Economic growth
• Türkiye

Kaynakça

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