Combined Genotype Effects of PRLR and GH Polymorphisms on Litter Weight in Kilis Goats

Öz

This study investigates the relationship between polymorphisms in the PRLR, GH1, and GH2 genes and their impact on litter weight in Kilis goats, a native breed of significant economic importance in Türkiye. Within the scope of the research, a total of 198 goats were used under breeder conditions in Kilis Province. This study was conducted as part of the National Small Ruminant Breeding Project, coordinated by the Ministry of Agriculture and Forestry of the Republic of Türkiye and implemented by the General Directorate of Agricultural Research and Policies (TAGEM). Allele frequencies for the PRLR/RsaI, GH1/HaeIII, and GH2/HaeIII loci were analyzed, revealing that the C allele at PRLR/RsaI and the D allele at GH2/HaeIII were the most prevalent in this population. While no significant differences in litter weight were observed among PRLR genotypes (P > 0.05), significant associations were identified between the GH1 and GH2 loci and litter weight (P ≤ 0.05). Specifically, Kilis goats with the AB genotype at GH1 and the CD genotype at GH2 exhibited significantly higher litter weights compared to other genotypes, highlight the potential influence of these genetic variations on reproductive performance. Furthermore, significant genotype interactions were observed, with the highest litter weight recorded in goats carrying the AB-CD genotype combination (7.613 ± 2.973 kg). These findings suggest that genetic variations at the GH1 and GH2 loci play a critical role in determining reproductive traits such as litter weight. Strategic breeding programs targeting these loci could enhance productivity in Kilis goats. Given the economic significance of litter weight in livestock production, these results provide a foundation for further research into the genetic basis of reproduction traits in goats. Additional studies across diverse breeds and environmental conditions are necessary to validate these findings and explore the broader implications for genetic selection in livestock breeding.

Anahtar Kelimeler

• Kilis goats
• Litter weight
• Polymorphism
• Prolactin receptor
• Growth hormone

Destekleyen Kurum

Hatay Mustafa Kemal University Scientific Research Projects Institutional Coordinator

Proje Numarası

16460

Etik Beyan

This study was prepared under the permission numbered 2016/8-1, dated 29/09/2016, from the Ethics Committee of Hatay Mustafa Kemal University.

Teşekkür

The author acknowledges the Republic of Türkiye’s Ministry of Agriculture and Forestry for providing animal materials from “The National Breeding Project of Kilis Goats under Farm Conditions”, which was backed by the General Directorate of Agricultural Research and Policy. The author also extends their appreciation to the Aydin Adnan Menderes University Agricultural Biotechnology and Food Safety Application and Research Center (ADU-TARBIYOMER) for providing laboratory facilities to conduct molecular genetic analysis.

Kilis Keçilerinde PRLR ve GH Polimorfizmlerinin Kombine Genotip Etkilerinin Döl Ağırlığı Üzerine Etkisi

Öz

Bu çalışma, Türkiye’nin ekonomik açıdan önemli yerli ırklarından biri olan Kilis keçilerinde PRLR, GH1 ve GH2 genlerindeki polimorfizmler ile döl ağırlığı arasındaki ilişkiyi incelemeyi amaçlamaktadır. Araştırma kapsamında, Kilis ilinde yetiştirici koşullarında T.C. Tarım ve Orman Bakanlığı koordinatörlüğünde Tarımsal Araştırmalar ve Politikalar Genel Müdürlüğü (TAGEM) tarafından yürütülen Halk Elinde Küçükbaş Hayvan Islahı Ülkesel Projesi kapsamında elde edilen toplam 198 baş keçi kullanılmıştır. Bu hayvanlarda PRLR/RsaI, GH1/HaeIII ve GH2/HaeIII lokuslarına ait allel ve genotip frekansları hesaplanmış ve popülasyonun genetik yapısı analiz edilmiştir. Analiz sonuçları, PRLR/RsaI lokusunda C alelinin ve GH2/HaeIII lokusunda D alelinin popülasyonda en yaygın aleller olduğunu göstermiştir. PRLR genotipleri ile döl ağırlığı arasında anlamlı bir fark bulunmazken (P > 0.05), GH1ve GH2 lokuslarının döl ağırlığı üzerinde istatistiksel olarak önemli etkiler gösterdiği belirlenmiştir (P ≤ 0.05). Özellikle, GH1 lokusunda AB genotipine ve GH2 lokusunda CD genotipine sahip Kilis keçilerinin, diğer genotiplere kıyasla istatistiksel olarak daha yüksek döl ağırlığına sahip olduğu tespit edilmiştir. Ayrıca, genotip kombinasyonları arasındaki etkileşimler incelenmiş ve AB-CD genotip kombinasyonuna sahip bireylerde en yüksek döl ağırlığı gözlenmiştir (7.613 ± 2.973 kg). Bu bulgular, GH1 ve GH2 lokuslarındaki genetik varyasyonların, Kilis keçilerinde döl ağırlığı gibi önemli üreme özelliklerinin belirlenmesinde kritik bir rol oynadığını ortaya koymaktadır. Ayrıca, bu genlerin stratejik olarak kullanılacağı genetik ıslah programlarının, Kilis keçilerinin ekonomik değerini artırma potansiyeline sahip olduğu vurgulanmıştır. Döl ağırlığının hayvansal üretimdeki ekonomik önemi göz önüne alındığında, bu çalışma, keçilerde üreme özelliklerinin genetik temellerine dair daha kapsamlı araştırmalar için bir temel oluşturmaktadır. Farklı ırklar ve çevresel koşullar altında yapılacak sonraki çalışmalar, bu bulguların doğrulanması ve genetik seleksiyonun etkilerinin daha detaylı incelenmesi açısından büyük önem taşımaktadır.

Anahtar Kelimeler

• Kilis keçisi
• Döl ağırlığı
• Polimorfizm
• Prolaktin reseptör
• Büyüme hormonu

Destekleyen Kurum

Hatay Mustafa Kemal University Scientific Research Projects Institutional Coordinator

Proje Numarası

16460

Etik Beyan

This study was prepared under the permission numbered 2016/8-1, dated 29/09/2016, from the Ethics Committee of Hatay Mustafa Kemal University.

Teşekkür

The author acknowledges the Republic of Türkiye’s Ministry of Agriculture and Forestry for providing animal materials from “The National Breeding Project of Kilis Goats under Farm Conditions”, which was backed by the General Directorate of Agricultural Research and Policy. The author also extends their appreciation to the Aydin Adnan Menderes University Agricultural Biotechnology and Food Safety Application and Research Center (ADU-TARBIYOMER) for providing laboratory facilities to conduct molecular genetic analysis.

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