Cost Analysis of Honey Production in Beekeeping Farms in Çanakkale Province of Türkiye

Öz

Beekeeping is an animal husbandry sub-sector that provides very important products in terms of human nutrition and health, also it is important for maintaining the natural balance and agricultural sustainability with pollination. Türkiye ranks second in honey production worldwide, after China. In this study, cost analysis of the honey production in Çanakkale province, and their current status and problems were explored. In this study, stratified sampling method was used to determine the sample volume. The data used in the research were obtained from 64 beekeeping farms in the Çanakkale province by face-to-face questionnaire method. The beekeeping farms were divided into three groups depend on the number of bees’ hives such as 0-74 hives, 75-149 hives, and 150 or more hives. According to the research results, 58% of the total production expenses were fixed expenses, while that of variable expenses was 42% in honey production. The production cost of honey per kg was $1.35, and selling price of honey per kg was $5.17, on average, and the net profit of honey production per kg was $3.72. Sample beekeeping farms produced 1965.16 kg of honey annually, resulting in $7310.99 net profit. The honey yield per beehive in Çanakkale province was 13.22 kg. Research results also showed that honey production in Çanakkale was a profitable and the relative profits and efficiency level of in small beekeeping farms were higher than that of other groups. The study suggests that accelerating R&D activities and creating brand for bee products may increase the income of beekeeping farms. According to the research findings, bee breeds with high-yield should be expanded, and technical training should be provided to the beekeepers in the province in order to increase the yield and income from beekeeping activity.

Anahtar Kelimeler

• Beekeeping
• Çanakkale
• Cost analysis
• Honey
• Türkiye

Çanakkale İli Arıcılık İşletmelerinde Bal Üretim Maliyetinin Analizi

Öz

Arıcılık, insan beslenmesi ve sağlık açısından önemli ürünler ortaya koyan, bitkilerin tozlaşması yoluyla doğal dengenin korunmasında ve tarımsal üretimde önemli rol oynayan, nispeten daha az emek ve toprağa daha az bağımlılık gerektiren bir hayvancılık alt sektörüdür. Bal üretiminde dünya genelinde Türkiye Çin’den sonra ikinci sırada yer almaktadır. Bu çalışmada Çanakkale ili merkez bölgelerinde bulunan arıcılık işletmelerinin ekonomik analizi yapılmış, mevcut durumları ve sorunları tespit edilmiştir. Çalışmada örnek hacminin belirlenmesinde tabakalı örnekleme yönteminden yararlanılmıştır. Bu araştırmada kullanılan veriler tesadüfi örnekleme yöntemine göre belirlenen 64 arıcılık işletmesinden yüz yüze anket uygulaması ile elde edilmiştir. İncelenen işletmeler 0-74 kovan 75-149 kovan ve 150 ve üzeri kovana sahip işletmeler olmak üzere üç büyüklük grubuna ayrılmıştır. Araştırma sonuçlarına göre, işletmeler ortalaması dikkate alındığında, bal üretim masraflarının %58’si sabit masraflar ve %42’isin de değişken masraflar oluşturmaktadır. İncelenen işletmelerde1 kg bal maliyeti 1.35$, 1 kg balın ortalama satış fiyatı 5.17$, 1 kg balın satışından elde edilen net kar 3.72$ olarak belirlenmiştir. İşletme başına ortalama 1965.16 kg bal üretimi karşılığında 7310.99$ net kar elde edilmiştir. Araştırma kapsamındaki işletmelerde kovan başına ortalama bal verimi 13.22 kg olmuştur. Yapılan çalışmada Çanakkale ilinde gerçekleştirilen bal üretiminin kârlı bir üretim faaliyeti olduğu, ancak birinci gruptaki işletmelerin nispi kârlarının ve etkinliklerinin diğer gruplara göre daha yüksek olduğunu sonucuna varılmıştır. Yürütülen araştırma arıcılık ürünleri için Ar-Ge faaliyetlerinin ve marka yaratma çabalarının artırılması halinde arıcılık işletmelerinde elde edilebilecek gelir düzeyinde artış sağlayabileceğini ortaya koymuştur. Araştırma bulgularına göre incelenen işletmelerde arıcılıkta kovan başına elde edilen verim ve gelirin artırılması için verimi yüksek arı ırkları ile çalışılması ve arıcıların teknik eğitimden geçirilmesi gerekmektedir.

Anahtar Kelimeler

• Arıcılık
• Bal
• Çanakkale
• Ekonomik analiz
• Türkiye

Kaynakça

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