Effects of Nano-NPK Foliar Spray Application and Organic Waste Sources on Growth, Yield, and Nutrient Uptake of Broad Bean (Vicia faba L.)

Öz

A field experiment is carried out in silty loam soil through the 2023 season in Ramadi, located in Al-Anbar Governorate (110 km west of Baghdad), Iraq, to assess the impact of applying three organic waste types (control—no addition, poultry waste, sheep waste, and litter of domestic cats) applied at a rate of 3 Mg ha-1 as well as spraying three concentrations of nano NPK fertilizers (0, 2, and 4 g L⁻¹). Furthermore, it aims to assess the individual and interactive effects between these wastes and NPK content in seeds, as well as the growth and yield of broad beans (Vicia faba L.). The factorial experiment utilizes a randomized complete block design (RCBD) with three replicates. The results indicate that poultry waste exhibited superiority by achieving the highest values of 62.72 cm for plant height, leaves per plant of 70, protein concentration in seeds of 45.56 g kg⁻¹, and total seed yield of 1.546 ton ha⁻¹. Meanwhile, sheep waste outperformed in terms of phosphorus and potassium concentrations in seeds 0.1527%, 45.92 g kg⁻¹, respectively, along with the number of pods per plant 16.07 pods per plant, Furthermore, the results showed that utilizing NPK fertilizer with 4 g L⁻¹ concentrations showed a superior effect with plant height of 54.78 cm, leaves number of 67.7, nitrogen and potassium concentrations of 40.45 and 43.01 g kg⁻¹, respectively, as well as pods per plant number of 16.79. On the other hand, utilizing a 2 g L⁻¹ concentration of NPK fertilizer has increased the seed yield significantly, achieving 1.449 ton ha⁻¹.

Anahtar Kelimeler

• Poultry waste
• Sheep waste
• Cats litter
• Nano fertilizers
• Broad bean
• Responsible Consumption and Production

Effects of Nano-NPK Foliar Spray Application and Organic Waste Sources on Growth, Yield, and Nutrient Uptake of Broad Bean (Vicia faba L.)

Öz

A field experiment is carried out in silty loam soil through the 2023 season in Ramadi, located in Al-Anbar Governorate (110 km west of Baghdad), Iraq, to assess the impact of applying three organic waste types (control—no addition, poultry waste, sheep waste, and litter of domestic cats) applied at a rate of 3 Mg ha-1 as well as spraying three concentrations of nano NPK fertilizers (0, 2, and 4 g L⁻¹). Furthermore, it aims to assess the individual and interactive effects between these wastes and NPK content in seeds, as well as the growth and yield of broad beans (Vicia faba L.). The factorial experiment utilizes a randomized complete block design (RCBD) with three replicates. The results indicate that poultry waste exhibited superiority by achieving the highest values of 62.72 cm for plant height, leaves per plant of 70, protein concentration in seeds of 45.56 g kg⁻¹, and total seed yield of 1.546 ton ha⁻¹. Meanwhile, sheep waste outperformed in terms of phosphorus and potassium concentrations in seeds 0.1527%, 45.92 g kg⁻¹, respectively, along with the number of pods per plant 16.07 pods per plant, Furthermore, the results showed that utilizing NPK fertilizer with 4 g L⁻¹ concentrations showed a superior effect with plant height of 54.78 cm, leaves number of 67.7, nitrogen and potassium concentrations of 40.45 and 43.01 g kg⁻¹, respectively, as well as pods per plant number of 16.79. On the other hand, utilizing a 2 g L⁻¹ concentration of NPK fertilizer has increased the seed yield significantly, achieving 1.449 ton ha⁻¹. Sonuçlar, tavuk gübresinin bitki boyu (62.72 cm), bitki başına yaprak sayısı (70), tohumlardaki azot konsantrasyonu (45.56 g kg⁻¹) ve toplam tohum verimi (1.546 Mg ha⁻¹) bakımından en yüksek değerlere ulaşarak üstünlük sağladığını göstermektedir. Öte yandan, koyun gübresi tohumlardaki fosfor (%0.1527) ve potasyum (45.92 g kg⁻¹) konsantrasyonları ile bitki başına bakla sayısı (16.07 adet) açısından üstünlük göstermiştir. Ayrıca, 4 g L⁻¹ konsantrasyonundaki NPK gübresi kullanımı; bitki boyu (54.78 cm), yaprak sayısı (67.7), azot (40.45 g kg⁻¹) ve potasyum (43.01 g kg⁻¹) konsantrasyonları ile bitki başına bakla sayısı (16.79 adet) bakımından olumlu etkiler göstermiştir. Diğer yandan, 2 g L⁻¹ konsantrasyonunda NPK gübresi kullanımı tohum verimini önemli ölçüde artırarak 1.449 Mg.ha⁻¹ verim sağlamıştır.

Anahtar Kelimeler

• Poultry waste
• Sheep waste
• Cats litter
• Nano fertilizers
• Broad bean
• Responsible Consumption and Production

Kaynakça

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