Sera Koşullarında Bazı Patates Çeşitlerinin Büyümesi Üzerine Yaprak Çinko Gübrelerinin Etkilerinin Belirlenmesi

Öz

Bilindiği üzere, patates (Solanum tuberosum L.), mineral, vitamin ve toplam fenolik bileşikler açısından zengin içeriği ve lezzetli bir gıda olarak tüketilmesi nedeniyle ekonomik açıdan büyük öneme sahip bir tarım ürünüdür. Çinko (Zn), bitki metabolizmasında lipitler ve proteinler gibi çeşitli biyomoleküllerin yapısal ve işlevsel bir bileşeni olarak bitki büyümesi için hayati öneme sahip bir mikro besin elementidir ve bu yolla verim ve kalite artışına katkı sağlar. 10 patates çeşidine yapraktan farklı dozlarda çinko (Zn) uygulaması yapılmıştır. Dört farklı doz kullanılmıştır: Zn₀ (kontrol), Zn₁ (0,625 g L⁻¹), Zn₂ (1,25 g L⁻¹) ve Zn₃ (2,50 g L⁻¹). Uygulamalar, çiçeklenme başlangıcında ve çiçeklenmeden 20 gün sonra olmak üzere iki kere yapılmıştır..Elde edilen sonuçlara göre, çeşitler, çinko uygulamaları ve bu iki faktörün etkileşimleri arasında istatistiksel olarak anlamlı farklar (p < 0.05) bulunmuştur. Klorofil içeriği (SPAD birimi) 33.67 ile 52.60 arasında değişmiş, bitki boyu ise 46.17 ile 65.15 cm arasında ölçülmüştür. Aynı şekilde, bitki başına yumru sayısı 6.10 ile 8.95 arasında, bitki başına yumru verimi 82.70 ile 205.20 g arasında ve ortalama yumru ağırlığı 19.56 ile 22.93 g arasında değişmiştir. Zn uygulamaları arasında, en yüksek oranda büyük yumru (> 20 g) Zn₃ (2.500 g L⁻¹) dozuyla elde edilirken, orta boy (10–20 g) ve küçük boy (< 10 g) yumruların en fazla olduğu grup kontrol (Zn₀) olmuştur. Sera koşullarında, yapraktan 2.500 g L⁻¹ Zn uygulaması yapılan ‘Agria’ çeşidi en yüksek performansı göstermiştir ve bu da test edilen çeşitler arasında çinko uygulamasına en iyi yanıtı verdiğini ortaya koymaktadır. Bu sonuçlar, patateste yapraktan çinko uygulamasının ürün verimini artırma potansiyeline sahip olduğunu göstermektedir.

Anahtar Kelimeler

• Klorofil içeriği
• Korelasyon
• Küme ısı haritası
• Solanum tuberosum L.
• Yumru verimi
• Zn uygulaması

Determining Effects of Foliar Zinc Fertilizer on the Growth of Some Potato Varieties under Greenhouse Conditions

Öz

As known, potato (Solanum tuberosum L.) is a significantly important plant species of economic importance rich in minerals, vitamins, and total phenolics and consumed as a palatable food. Zinc or (Zn), a micronutrient, is essential for plant growth as it is an integral part of various biomolecules such as lipids and proteins in plant metabolism. Thus increasing crop yield and quality. Different doses of Zn-treatment by foliar spray were used in 10 potato cultivars, and they were treated with 4 different doses, such as Zn0 (Control), Zn1 (0.625 g l-1), Zn2 (1.250 g l-1) and Zn3 (2.500 g l-1) application was made at the beginning of flowering and 20 days after flowering. According to the obtained results, statistical significance (p < 0.05) was seen among genotypes, zinc application(s), and their interaction. In addition, chlorophyll content (spad unit) varied between 33.67-52.60, and plant height (cm) ranged from 46.17-65.15. Similarly, the number of tubers per plant was between 6.10-8.95, the tuber yield per plant (g plant-1) was between 82.70-205.20, and the mean tuber weight (g) varied from 19.56-22.93. Among the Zn treatments, the highest proportion of large tubers ( > 20 g) was obtained with 2.500 g l-1 (Zn3), the greatest amount of medium tubers 10.0-20.0g, and small tubers ( < 10 g) was found with the Zn0 dose. Under greenhouse conditions, the highest performance was recorded in the Agria variety when subjected to foliar application of zinc at a concentration of 2.500 g L⁻¹, indicating its superior response to Zn treatment among the tested varieties. The results obtained in our study indicate that foliar application of Zn in potatoes has the potential to enhance yield in crop production.

Anahtar Kelimeler

• Chlorophyll content
• Correlations
• Cluster heatmap
• Solanum tuberosum L.
• Tuber yield
• Zinc treatments

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