Saksı Minyatür × Bahçe / Kesme Gül Melezlerinde Tohum Verimi ve Kalite Performansı

Öz

Güller, saksıda yetiştirilen minyatür güller, kesme güller ve eski bahçe gülleri olarak yaygın şekilde kültüre alınan, süs bitkileri arasında yüksek talep gören türlerdir. Popülariteleri ve ekonomik önemleri göz önünde bulundurulduğunda, farklı formdaki güllerin melezlenmesinin tohum verimi ve kalitesi üzerindeki etkilerinin araştırılması; bu kombinasyonların yeni ticari gül çeşitlerinin geliştirilmesindeki başarısını değerlendirmek açısından büyük önem taşımaktadır. Bu çalışmada, saksı tipi minyatür güller ile bahçe ve kesme güller arasındaki melez kombinasyonların tohum verimi ve kalitesi üzerindeki etkileri incelenmiştir. Tohum ebeveyni olarak minyatür bir gül olan Rosa White Star kullanılırken, polen ebeveyni olarak üç bahçe gülü (Spelwark, Gräfin Diana ve Genotype 1) ve iki kesme gül çeşidi (Magnum ve Tineke) kullanılmıştır. Gözlemlenen parametreler arasında; meyve tutumu, meyve başına tohum sayısı, meyve ağırlığı, tohum ağırlığı ve tohum çimlenme oranı yer almaktadır. En yüksek meyve başına tohum sayısı ‘Rosa White Star’ × ‘Tineke’ kombinasyonunda (14.0 adet), en düşük ise ‘Rosa White Star’ × ‘Genotip 1’ melezinde tespit edilmiştir. En yüksek çimlenme oranı %15.31 ile yine ‘Rosa White Star’ × ‘Tineke’ kombinasyonuna aitken, ‘Rosa White Star’ × ‘Genotip 1’ melezinden elde edilen tohumlar hiç çimlenmemiştir. Bulgular, minyatür güller ile bazı kesme güller arasındaki melezlemelerin, bahçe güllerine kıyasla daha verimli olabileceğini göstermektedir. İncelenen kombinasyonlar arasında, kesme gül çeşidi ‘Tineke’, ‘Rosa White Star’ ile en yüksek uyumu gösteren polen ebeveyni olarak öne çıkmıştır. Minyatür güllerde tohum verimi ve kalitesinin artırılması amacıyla, ileriye dönük ıslah çalışmaları genetik açıdan uyumlu ebeveyn kombinasyonlarının belirlenmesine ve optimize edilmiş melezleme stratejilerinin geliştirilmesine odaklanmalıdır. Bu yaklaşımın, ıslah programlarının etkinliğini artırması ve yüksek katma değerli ticari gül çeşitlerinin geliştirilmesine katkı sağlaması beklenmektedir.

Anahtar Kelimeler

• Melezleme
• Tohum tutumu
• Minyatür gül
• Çimlenme
• Melez kombinasyonu

Seed Yield and Quality Performance in Crosses of Pot Miniature × Garden / Cut Roses

Öz

Roses are highly demanded ornamental plants widely cultivated as pot miniature roses, cut roses, and old garden roses. Given their popularity and economic importance, it is crucial to investigate the effects of hybridizing different forms on seed yield and quality to assess the success of such combinations in the development of new commercial rose varieties. This study investigated the effects of cross combinations between pot miniatures and garden/cut roses on seed yield and quality. Rosa White Star, a miniature rose, was used as the seed parent, while three garden roses (Spelwark, Gräfin Diana, and Genotype 1) and two cut rose varieties (Magnum and Tineke) served as pollen parents. Parameters observed included; fruit set, number of seeds per fruit, fruit weight, seed weight, and seed germination rate. The highest number of seeds per fruit was observed in ‘Rosa White Star’ × ‘Tineke’ (14.0), whereas the lowest was observed in ‘Rosa White Star’ × ‘Genotype 1.’ The highest germination rate was 15.31% in ‘Rosa White Star’ × ‘Tineke,’ while seeds of ‘Rosa White Star’ × ‘Genotype 1’ did not germinate. The findings indicate that hybrids between miniature roses and certain cut roses may be more productive than garden roses. Among the combinations tested, the cut rose variety Tineke showed the highest compatibility as a pollen parent with Rosa White Star. To improve seed yield and quality in miniature roses, future breeding efforts should prioritize the identification of genetically compatible parental combinations and the development of optimized hybridization strategies. Such an approach is expected to enhance the efficiency of breeding programs and support the development of high-value commercial rose varieties.

Anahtar Kelimeler

• Hybridization
• Seed set
• Miniature rose
• Germination
• Cross combination

Kaynakça

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