Doğru Akım Uyarımının Acı Süs Biberinin (Capsicum annuum) Gelişimi ve Besin Alımı Üzerine Etkisi

Öz

Biber (Capsicum annuum), dünya genelinde tropikal ve subtropikal bölgelerde yetiştirilen önemli bir bahçe bitkisidir. Tüketim talebinin artmasıyla birlikte, biberin ateroskleroz, kanser ve kardiyovasküler hastalıkları önlemede faydalı olduğu ve fiziksel direnci artırdığı için de ilgi çekmektedir. Bununla birlikte biber, kısa raf ömrüne sahip olup çürüme ve fungal enfeksiyonlara karşı oldukça hassastır. Bu nedenle, bitki yetiştiriciliğinde doğru akım (DC) uygulaması gibi çeşitli yöntemler araştırılmaktadır. Bu çalışma, doğru akım (DC) uyarımının acı süs biber (Capsicum annuum) tohumlarının gelişimi üzerindeki etkisini değerlendirmeyi amaçlamaktadır. Literatürde elektrik ve DC uyarımlarının tohum gelişimi üzerindeki etkilerine ilişkin çok sayıda çalışma bulunmakta olup, elektrik akımının gıda ürünlerinin kalitesini artırabildiği de bilinmektedir. Bu çalışmada, acı süs biberi tohumlarının çimlenmeden hasat olgunluğuna kadar olan gelişimi üzerindeki DC uyarımının etkileri, morfolojik ölçümler ve besin analizleri kapsamında değerlendirilmiştir. Çalışmada kullanılmak üzere özel olarak elektrot saksılar tasarlanmıştır. Elektrot saksılar, 5 mm kalınlığında kontrplaktan üretilmiş ve iç yüzeylerine bakır levhalar yerleştirilmiştir. Acı süs biberi tohumları bu elektrot saksılara yerleştirilmiş ve haftada üç gün, 15 dakika süreyle 10 V, 20 V ve 30 V DC uyarımına maruz bırakılmıştır. Deney düzeneği üç uygulama grubu ve bir kontrol grubundan oluşmuştur. Deney süresince çimlenme hızı ve süresi, fide morfolojik özellikleri, kök ve vejetatif kısımların yaş ve kuru ağırlıkları, yaprak alanı, klorofil indeksi, renk ölçümleri ve besin içerikleri (karbonhidrat, ham yağ, diyet lifi, potasyum, kalsiyum, demir) incelenmiştir. Elde edilen sonuçlara göre, fide döneminde yaprak sayısı, yaprak genişliği, gövde çapı, kök uzunluğu, kök kuru ağırlığı, yaprak alanı, yaprak rengi, karbonhidrat, ham yağ ve diyet lifi değerleri üzerinde DC uyarımının etkileri belirlenmiştir. Ayrıca 30 V DC uygulamasının potasyum birikimi üzerinde olumlu bir etki oluşturduğu tespit edilmiştir.

Anahtar Kelimeler

• Doğru akım (DC) uyarımı
• Doğru akım
• Biber gelişimi
• Gıda kalitesi
• Capsicum annuum

The Effect of Direct Current Stimulation on the Growth and Nutrient Uptake of Hot Ornamental Pepper (Capsicum annuum)

Öz

Pepper (Capsicum annuum) is an important horticultural crop cultivated in tropical and subtropical regions worldwide. With increasing consumption demand, pepper has gained attention for its beneficial properties in preventing atherosclerosis, cancer, and cardiovascular diseases, as well as for improving physical resistance. However, pepper has a short shelf life and is highly susceptible to decay and fungal infections. Therefore, various methods such as direct electric current (DC) stimulation are being investigated in plant cultivation. This study aimed to evaluate the effect of direct electric current (DC) stimulation on the development of hot ornamental pepper (Capsicum annuum) seeds. Numerous studies in the literature have examined the effects of electrical and DC stimulation on seed development, and it is also known that electric current can improve the quality of food products. In this study, the effects of DC stimulation on hot ornamental pepper seeds from germination to harvest maturity were evaluated through morphological measurements and nutritional analyses. Electrode pots used for DC stimulation were designed and produced specifically for this study. The pots were constructed from 5‑mm plywood with copper sheets embedded on the inner surfaces. Hot ornamental pepper seeds were placed in these electrode pots and exposed to DC stimulation at 10 V, 20 V, and 30 V for 15 minutes, three times per week. The experimental setup consisted of three treatment groups and one control group. Throughout the experiment, parameters such as germination rate and time, seedling morphological characteristics, fresh and dry weights of roots and vegetative parts, leaf area, chlorophyll index, color measurements, and nutrient contents (carbohydrate, crude fat, dietary fiber, potassium, calcium, iron) were examined. The results showed that, among the evaluated parameters, number of leaves, leaf width, stem diameter, root length, root dry weight, leaf area, leaf color, carbohydrate, crude fat, and dietary fiber values were significantly affected by DC stimulation. Additionally, the 30 V DC treatment had a positive effect on potassium accumulation.

Anahtar Kelimeler

• Direct Current (DC) stimulation
• Direct current
• Pepper development
• Food quality
• Capsicum annuum

Kaynakça

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