Araştırma Makalesi

Molecular Detection of Beet Mild Yellowing Virus (BMYV) in Central Region, Türkiye

Cilt: 23 Sayı: 4 28 Eylül 2026
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Molecular Detection of Beet Mild Yellowing Virus (BMYV) in Central Region, Türkiye

Öz

Sugar beet (Beta vulgaris L.) is an important crop that accounts for approximately one quarter of global sugar production and Türkiye ranks among the major producing countries. Sugar beet infecting viruses, particularly Beet mild yellowing virus (BMYV), have become one of the important diseases in sugar beet production, causing yield and quality losses characterized by interveinal chlorosis, general leaf yellowing and rosetting. Following the ban on neonicotinoid-based seed treatments across Europe, BMYV has re-emerged as a significant concern; however, information regarding its distribution, epidemiological status and genetic diversity in Türkiye remains limited. This study aimed to determine the presence, distribution and genetic diversity of BMYV in Kayseri Province, one of Türkiye’s major sugar beet production regions. During the 2023–2024 growing seasons, a total of 52 symptomatic sugar beet leaf samples were collected from 11 districts within the Kayseri sugar beet growing areas. RNA extraction was performed and high-throughput sequencing (HTS), PCR and Sanger Sequencing techniques were employed for virus detection and molecular characterization. PCR analyses revealed an overall infection rate of 36.54%, with the highest incidences observed in Kayseri Central (66.67%) and Yeşilhisar (60.00%) districts. Statistical analysis indicated that the differences among districts were not significant, demonstrating a homogeneous regional distribution of the virus. Phylogenetic analysis based on the coat protein (CP) gene showed that the Kayseri isolate shared 99.4% nucleotide identity with European isolates (19K and 26) but could be considered a distinct isolate. The results provide the first molecular evidence confirming the widespread presence of BMYV in Central Anatolia, Türkiye. This study revealed the necessity of developing resistant cultivars, strengthening integrated pest management practices and maintaining molecular survey programs. Considering the increased virus pressure in Europe following the neonicotinoid ban, adopting resistance breeding and sustainable virus vector control strategies in Türkiye is crucial for ensuring the long-term sustainability of sugar beet production.

Anahtar Kelimeler

Destekleyen Kurum

All technical work and financial expenses related to this study were carried out and funded by Kayseri Şeker.

Etik Beyan

There is no need to obtain permission from the ethics committee for this study.

Teşekkür

We would like to thank Kahraman Gürcan and Genome and Stem Cell Center for providing laboratory facilities that made this study possible.

Kaynakça

  1. Biancardi, E., Panella, L. W. and Lewellen, R. T. (2011). Source of Useful Traits. In: Beta Maritima: The Origin of Beets, Ed(s): Biancardi, E., Panella, L. W. and Lewellen, R. T., New York, NY: Springer New York, U. S. A.
  2. Borgolte, S., Varrelmann, M. and Hossain, R. (2024). Time point of virus yellows infection is crucial for yield losses in sugar beet and co‐infection with beet mosaic virus is negligible under field conditions. Plant Pathology, 73(8): 2056-2070.
  3. Bunwaree, H. D., Klein, E., Saubeau, G., Desprez, B., Ziegler-Graff, V. and Gilmer, D. (2024). Rapid and visual screening of virus infection in sugar beets through polerovirus-induced gene silencing. Viruses, 16(12): 1823.
  4. De Koeijer, K. J. and Van der Werf, W. (1999). Effects of beet yellows virus and beet mild yellowing virus on leaf area dynamics of sugar beet (Beta vulgaris L.). Field Crops Research, 61(2): 163-177.
  5. Dewar, A. M. and Qi, A. (2021). The virus yellows epidemic in sugar beet in the UK in 2020 and the adverse effect of the EU ban on neonicotinoids on sugar beet production. Outlooks on Pest Management, 32(2): 53-59.
  6. Hossain, R., Menzel, W., Lachmann, C. and Varrelmann, M. (2021). New insights into virus yellows distribution in Europe and effects of beet yellows virus, beet mild yellowing virus and beet chlorosis virus on sugar beet yield following field inoculation. Plant Pathology, 70(3): 584-593.
  7. Kaya, R. and Yılmaz, N. D. K. (2016). Distribution of some aphid-borne viruses infecting sugar beet in Türkiye. Sugar Industry-Zuckerindustrie, 141(12): 747-752.
  8. Klein, E., Brault, V., Klein, D., Weyens, G., Lefèbvre, M., Ziegler‐Graff, V. and Gilmer, D. (2014). Divergence of host range and biological properties between natural isolate and full‐length infectious cDNA clone of the Beet mild yellowing virus 2ITB. Molecular Plant Pathology, 15(1): 22-30.

Ayrıntılar

Birincil Dil

İngilizce

Konular

Tarımda Bitki Biyoteknolojisi, Tarımda Bitki Virolojisi

Bölüm

Araştırma Makalesi

Yayımlanma Tarihi

28 Eylül 2026

Gönderilme Tarihi

24 Kasım 2025

Kabul Tarihi

19 Haziran 2026

Yayımlandığı Sayı

Yıl 2026 Cilt: 23 Sayı: 4

Kaynak Göster

APA
Ulu, O., Baltacı, A. M., Kılınçer, İ., & Özmen, Ö. (2026). Molecular Detection of Beet Mild Yellowing Virus (BMYV) in Central Region, Türkiye. Tekirdağ Ziraat Fakültesi Dergisi, 23(4), 1320-1329. https://doi.org/10.33462/jotaf.1829447
AMA
1.Ulu O, Baltacı AM, Kılınçer İ, Özmen Ö. Molecular Detection of Beet Mild Yellowing Virus (BMYV) in Central Region, Türkiye. JOTAF. 2026;23(4):1320-1329. doi:10.33462/jotaf.1829447
Chicago
Ulu, Oğuzhan, Anıl Mehmet Baltacı, İlyas Kılınçer, ve Özgür Özmen. 2026. “Molecular Detection of Beet Mild Yellowing Virus (BMYV) in Central Region, Türkiye”. Tekirdağ Ziraat Fakültesi Dergisi 23 (4): 1320-29. https://doi.org/10.33462/jotaf.1829447.
EndNote
Ulu O, Baltacı AM, Kılınçer İ, Özmen Ö (01 Eylül 2026) Molecular Detection of Beet Mild Yellowing Virus (BMYV) in Central Region, Türkiye. Tekirdağ Ziraat Fakültesi Dergisi 23 4 1320–1329.
IEEE
[1]O. Ulu, A. M. Baltacı, İ. Kılınçer, ve Ö. Özmen, “Molecular Detection of Beet Mild Yellowing Virus (BMYV) in Central Region, Türkiye”, JOTAF, c. 23, sy 4, ss. 1320–1329, Eyl. 2026, doi: 10.33462/jotaf.1829447.
ISNAD
Ulu, Oğuzhan - Baltacı, Anıl Mehmet - Kılınçer, İlyas - Özmen, Özgür. “Molecular Detection of Beet Mild Yellowing Virus (BMYV) in Central Region, Türkiye”. Tekirdağ Ziraat Fakültesi Dergisi 23/4 (01 Eylül 2026): 1320-1329. https://doi.org/10.33462/jotaf.1829447.
JAMA
1.Ulu O, Baltacı AM, Kılınçer İ, Özmen Ö. Molecular Detection of Beet Mild Yellowing Virus (BMYV) in Central Region, Türkiye. JOTAF. 2026;23:1320–1329.
MLA
Ulu, Oğuzhan, vd. “Molecular Detection of Beet Mild Yellowing Virus (BMYV) in Central Region, Türkiye”. Tekirdağ Ziraat Fakültesi Dergisi, c. 23, sy 4, Eylül 2026, ss. 1320-9, doi:10.33462/jotaf.1829447.
Vancouver
1.Oğuzhan Ulu, Anıl Mehmet Baltacı, İlyas Kılınçer, Özgür Özmen. Molecular Detection of Beet Mild Yellowing Virus (BMYV) in Central Region, Türkiye. JOTAF. 01 Eylül 2026;23(4):1320-9. doi:10.33462/jotaf.1829447