Yeni Tesis Edilen Çim Alanlarında Düzenli Biçmenin Yabancı Ot Topluluğu Dinamiklerine Etkisi

Öz

Kentsel çim alanlarında işlevselliğin ve estetik kalitenin korunması, herbisit kullanımını azaltan sürdürülebilir yabancı ot yönetim stratejilerinin uygulanmasını gerektirmektedir. Bu çalışma, Türkiye’nin doğusunda Ağrı Dağı eteklerinde yeni tesis edilen çim alanlarında düzenli biçimin yabancı ot topluluğu, frekansı ve yoğunluğu üzerindeki etkilerini belirlemeyi amaçlamıştır. Arazi çalışmaları 2019 ve 2020 yıllarını kapsayan iki vejetasyon döneminde yürütülmüş; Nisan ayı başından Ekim ayı başına kadar 20 günlük aralıklarla ve 5 cm yükseklikten biçim uygulaması gerçekleştirilmiştir. Yabancı ot tür kompozisyonu, sıklığı ve yoğunluğu periyodik gözlemler yoluyla değerlendirilmiştir. Çalışmanın yürütüldüğü alanda, 15 familyaya ait toplam 39 yabancı ot türü tespit edilmiş olup, bunların 22’si tek yıllık, 16’sı çok yıllık ve biri parazit tür olarak belirlenmiştir. En yaygın familyalar Amaranthaceae, Fabaceae ve Poaceae olmuştur. Biçim uygulamalarının yabancı ot topluluk yapısını anlamlı düzeyde etkilediği belirlenmiştir. Özellikle Chenopodium album gibi dik gelişen tek yıllık türlerin yoğunluğu azalırken, Trifolium repens ve Cynodon dactylon gibi sürünücü ve çok yıllık türlerin kalıcılığının arttığı gözlenmiştir. Zaman içerisinde toplam yabancı ot yoğunluğunda bir azalma görülmekle birlikte, çok yıllık ve tek çenekli türlerin biçime karşı daha toleranslı olduğu saptanmıştır. İstatistiksel analizler, biçimin bu grupların sıklık ve yoğunlukları üzerinde anlamlı etkiler oluşturduğunu, toplam yabancı ot yoğunluğunun ise zamana bağlı olarak orta düzeyde değişim gösterdiğini ortaya koymuştur. Sonuç olarak, biçme uygulamaları dik gelişen tek yıllık yabancı otların baskılanmasında etkili olmakla birlikte, sürünücü ve çok yıllık türlerin kontrolünde sınırlı kalmaktadır. Bu nedenle, çim alanlarında uzun vadeli ve sürdürülebilir bir yabancı ot yönetimi için mekanik uygulamaların ekolojik temelli yöntemlerle desteklenmesi gerekmektedir. Bu çalışma, kentsel çim alanlarında yabancı ot dinamiklerinin anlaşılmasına katkı sağlamakta ve daha etkili yönetim stratejilerinin geliştirilmesi için bilimsel bir temel sunmaktadır.

Anahtar Kelimeler

• Yabancı ot yoğunluğu
• Tür çeşitliliği
• Biçme yönetimi
• Kentsel çim alanları
• Çok yıllık yabancı otlar

Etik Beyan

There is no need to obtain permission from the ethics committee for this study.

Weed Community Dynamics Under Regular Mowing in Newly Established Turfgrass Lawns

Öz

Maintaining functionality and aesthetic quality in urban lawns requires the implementation of sustainable weed management strategies that reduce herbicide use. This study aimed to determine the effects of regular mowing on weed community composition, frequency, and density in newly established lawns located at the foothills of Ağrı Mountain in Eastern Türkiye. Fieldwork was conducted during two vegetation periods between 2019 and 2020; mowing was applied at 20-day intervals from early April to early October at a cutting height of 5 cm. Weed species composition, frequency, and density were evaluated through periodic observations. In the location where the study was conducted, 39 weed species representing 15 botanical families were recorded, of which 22 were annual, 16 perennial, and one parasitic species. The most represented families were Amaranthaceae, Fabaceae, and Poaceae. Mowing practices significantly affected the weed community structure; Specifically, while the density of upright-growing annual species such as Chenopodium album decreased, the persistence of creeping and perennial species such as Trifolium repens and Cynodon dactylon increased. Although a decrease in total weed density was observed over time, perennial and monocotyledonous species were found to be more tolerant to mowing. Statistical analyses revealed that mowing had significant effects on the frequency and density of these groups, while total weed abundance showed moderate temporal variation. In conclusion, mowing practices are effective in suppressing upright-growing annual weeds, but are limited in controlling creeping and perennial species. Therefore, for long-term and sustainable weed management in turf areas, mechanical practices need to be supported by ecologically based methods. This study contributes to understanding weed dynamics in urban turf areas and provides a scientific basis for developing more effective management strategies.

Anahtar Kelimeler

• Weed density
• Species diversity
• Mowing management
• Urban turfgrass
• Perennial weeds

Etik Beyan

There is no need to obtain permission from the ethics committee for this study.

Kaynakça

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