Araştırma Makalesi
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Marjinal Arazi Koşulları ve Ekim Zamanının Mentha × piperita’nın Verim ve Kalitesine Etkileri

Yıl 2021, , 702 - 717, 20.12.2021
https://doi.org/10.33462/jotaf.893022

Öz

Marjinal arazi koşullarında yürütülen bu çalışmada 2 farklı ekim zamanının (sonbahar ve ilkbahar) Tıbbi Nane (Mentha × piperita L. var. Mitcham)’nin verim ve kalitesi üzerine etkileri araştırılmıştır. Deneme Doğu Akdeniz’in Çukurova Bölgesinde tesadüf blokları deneme desenine göre üç tekrarlamalı olarak gerçekleştirilmiştir. Sonuçlara göre en yüksek bitki boyu (43 cm), taze herba verimi (12763 kg ha-1), kuru herba verimi (3407 kg ha-1), kuru yaprak verimi (1976 kg ha-1) ve uçucu yağ verimi (56.3 Lt ha-1) ilkbahar ekimlerinde saptanmştır. En yüksek uçucu yağ oranı 1. biçimlerde saptanarak, ekim zamanı açısından önemli bir fark bulunmamıştır. Deneme genelinde en yüksek uçucu yağ oranı % 4.0 olarak saptanmıştır. Yıl bazında ilk biçimlere ait verim değerleri daha yüksek bulunarak, denemenin son hasadına doğru verimde düşüş izlenmiştir. Gaz kromatografisi analizi sonuçlarına göre, oksijenli monoterpenler, M. × piperita uçucu yağının (% 74.21-80.86) major kimyasal bileşen grubunu oluşturmuştur. En yüksek oksijenli monoterpenler, her iki ekim sezonunda da 1. biçimlerde saptanmıştır. Menthol (% 23.2-37.46) ve menthone (% 22.82-31.56) major bileşenler olarak belirlenmiştir. Menthol oranı sonbahar plantasyonunda daha yüksek bulunmakla birlikte, bu oran her yıl bir öncekine göre düşüş göstermiştir. Biçimler ilerledikçe menthone oranı da yükselmiştir. Menthone arttıkça, menthol’da düşüş gerçekleşmiştir. α-Pinene (% 2.33-5.61), limonene (% 0.63-4.13), 1,8-cineole (% 5.22-9.98), menthofuran (% 1.47-4.72), isomenthone (% 1.14-5.95), menthyl acetate (% 2.14-5.2) ve neomenthol (% 1.09-2.5) diğer önemli bileşenleri olarak tespit edilmiştir. Marjinal arazi şartlarında yetişen M. × piperita’ya ait tarımsal verim nispeten düşük olsa da kalite bakımından üstün bulunarak, standartlara uyumlu olmuştur. M. × piperita kültürü su sorunu olmayan marjinal arazilerde ekonomik açıdan uygundur.

Destekleyen Kurum

Bu yayın bir doktora tezinin bir bölümünden hazırlanmıştır. Ayrıca, çalışmanın bütünü Çukurova Üniversitesi, Bilimsel Araştırma Projeleri Birimi tarafından desteklenmiştir.

Proje Numarası

ZF2012D4

Kaynakça

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  • Ayran, I., Çelik, S.A., Kan, A., Kan, Y. (2018). A Study on essential oil yield and components of dryed and fresh foliage of peppermint (Mentha piperita L.) Cultivated in Turkey. International Journal of Agriculture Environment and Food Sciences 2 (1): 199-201. https://doi.org/10.31015/jaefs.18036
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  • Beigi, M., Torki-Harchegani, M., Ghasemi Pirbalouti, A. (2018). Quantity and chemical composition of essential oil of peppermint (Mentha × piperita L.) leaves under different drying methods. International Journal of Food Properties 21 (1): 267-276. https://doi.org/10.1080/10942912.2018.1453839
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The Effects of Marginal Land Conditions and Planting Time on the Yield And Quality of Mentha × piperita

Yıl 2021, , 702 - 717, 20.12.2021
https://doi.org/10.33462/jotaf.893022

Öz

In this research, the effects of 2 different planting times (autumn and spring) on the yield and quality of peppermint (Mentha × piperita L. var. Mitcham) were investigated under marginal land conditions. The test was conducted in Çukurova region located in the Eastern Mediterranean by using a randomized complete block design with three replications. Based on the results, the highest plant height (43 cm), fresh herb yield (12763 kg ha-1), dry herb yield (3407 kg ha-1), dry leaf yield (1976 kg ha-1) and essential oil yield (56.3 Lt ha-1) was determined in spring planting. The maximum ratio of essential oil was found in the first cuttings (3.18%). The yield values were higher in the first cuttings on year basis. With increasing the number of cuttings, a gradual decrease was observed in yield components. As a result of the gas chromatography analysis, oxygenated monoterpenes constituted the major chemical component group of M. × piperita essential oil (74.21-80.86%). The highest oxygenated monoterpenes were specified in the 1st cuttings of both planting seasons. Menthol (23.2-37.46 %) and menthone (22.82-31.56 %) were identified as the major components. Menthol percentage was higher in spring planting, and this rate has decreased every year compared to the previous one. As the number of cuttings increased, menthone rate also enhanced. On the other hand, as the rates of menthone increased, there was a decrease in menthol rates. α-Pinene (2.33-5.61%), limonene (0.63-4.13%), 1,8-cineole (5.22-9.98%), menthofuran (1.47-4.72%), isomenthone (1.14-5.95%), menthyl acetate (2.14-5.2%) and neomenthol (1.09-2.5%) were determined as other important components. Although the agronomic yield obtained from marginal land conditions was relatively lower, it was found superior in terms of quality and has adapted to standards values. As a result, the cultivation of the M. × piperita is economically viable in marginal lands without irrigation problems.

Proje Numarası

ZF2012D4

Kaynakça

  • Adams, R.P. (2017). Identification of essential oil components by gas chromatography/mass spectrometry, 4.1 ed. Allured Publishing Co., Carol Stream, Illinois.
  • Aktepe, B.P., Mertoğlu, K., Evrenosoğlu, Y., Aysan, Y. (2019). Farklı bitki uçucu yağların Erwinia amylovora’ya karşı antibakteriyel etkisinin belirlenmesi. Tekirdağ Ziraat Fakültesi Dergisi 16 (1): 34-41. https://doi.org/10.33462/jotaf.516848
  • Alankar, S. (2009). A Review on Peppermint Oil. Asian Journal of Pharmaceutical and Clinical Research 2 (2): 27-33.
  • Alkire, B.H., Simon, J.E. (1996). Response of midwestern peppermint (Mentha piperita L.) and native spearmint (M. spicata L.) to rate and form of nitrogen fertilizer. Acta Horticulture 426: 537-549. https://doi.org/10.17660/ActaHortic.1996.426.58
  • Arrobas, M., Ferreira, I.Q., Afonso, S., Rodrigues, M.A. (2018). Sufficiency ranges and crop nutrient removals for peppermint (Mentha × piperita L.) established from field and pot fertilizer experiments. Communications in Soil Science and Plant Analysis 49 (14): 1719-1730. https://doi.org/10.1080/00103624.2018.1474909
  • Ayran, I., Çelik, S.A., Kan, A., Kan, Y. (2018). A Study on essential oil yield and components of dryed and fresh foliage of peppermint (Mentha piperita L.) Cultivated in Turkey. International Journal of Agriculture Environment and Food Sciences 2 (1): 199-201. https://doi.org/10.31015/jaefs.18036
  • Azarpour, E., Motamed, M.K., Bozorgi, H.R. (2012). Stevia Agronomy and Extension. Azad University Pub. Lahijan.
  • Azırak, S. (2007). Thymol ve carvacrol’un in vivo genotoksik etkilerinin araştırılması. (Doktora Tezi) Çukurova Üniversitesi Fen Bilimleri Enstitüsü, Adana.
  • Beigi, M., Torki-Harchegani, M., Ghasemi Pirbalouti, A. (2018). Quantity and chemical composition of essential oil of peppermint (Mentha × piperita L.) leaves under different drying methods. International Journal of Food Properties 21 (1): 267-276. https://doi.org/10.1080/10942912.2018.1453839
  • Bisset, N.G. (1994). Herbal Drugs and Phytopharmaceuticals. CRC Press, Stuttgart, Boca Raton.
  • Blaschek, W., Hänsel, R., Kelle, K., Reichling, J., Rimpler, H., Schneider, G. (1998). Hagers Handbuch der Pharmazeutischen Praxis. 5th ed. Berlin.
  • British Pharmacopoeia. (1995). Vol. I (International Edition and Addendum). Her Majesty’s Stationery Office, London,
  • Bruneton, J. (1995). Pharmacognosy, Phytochemistry, Medicinal Plants. Lavoisiler Publishing Co., Paris.
  • Capuzzo, A., Maffei, M.E. (2016). Molecular fingerprinting of peppermint (Mentha piperita) and some mentha hybrids by sequencing and RFLP analysis of the 5S rRNA non-transcribed spacer (NTS) region. Plant Biosystems - An International Journal Dealing with all Aspects of Plant Biology 150 (2): 236-243. https://doi.org/10.1080/11263504.2014.969355
  • Chang, X., Alderson, P.G., Wright, .CJ. (2008). Solar ırradiance level alters the growth of basil (Ocimum basilicum L.) and its content of volatile oils. Environmental and Experimental Botany 63 (1-3): 216-223. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.envexpbot.2007.10.017
  • Çalışkan, T., Maral, H., Pala, C., Kafkas, N.E., Kırıcı, S. (2019). Morphogenetic variation for essential oil content and composition of sage (Salvia officinalis L.) in çukurova condition. arabian journal of medicinal & aromatic plants 5 (1): 32-38. https://doi.org/10.48347/IMIST.PRSM/ajmap-v5i1.15680
  • Davazdahemami, S., Sefidkon, F., Jahansooz, M.R., Mazaheri, D. (2008). Comparison of biological yield, essential oil content and composition and phenological stages of Moldavian balm (Dracocephalumn moldavica L.) in three planting dates. Iranian Journal of Medicinal and Aromatic Plants 24 (3): 263-270.
  • Duriyaprapan, S., Britten, E.J., Basford, K.E. (1986). The effect of temperature on growth, oil yield and oil quality of Japanese mint. Annals of Botany 58: 729-736. https://doi.org/10.1093/oxfordjournals.aob.a087236
  • Ebrahim Ghochi, Z., Mohsenabadi, G.R., Majidian, M. (2017). Evaluation of yield, quantity and quality traits in ıntercropping of peppermint (Mentha piperita L.) and fenugreek (Trigonella foenum - graceum L.) under different planting dates. journal of agricultural science and sustainable production 27(3): 1-15.
  • European Pharmacopoeia 5.0, 5.1-5.8. (2005) Strasbourg Council of Europe.
  • European Pharmacopoeia. (2013). Peppermint oil, 07/2012:0405. 8th ed. European Directorate for the Quality of Medicines and Healthcare. Strasbourg.
  • FAO (Food and Agricultural Organization of United Nations). (2008). A Framework for Bioenergy Environmental Impact Analysis. Öko-Institut, Ifeu-Institute, Copernicus Institute financed by the Food and Agriculture Organization, Rome.
  • Fejér, J., Gruľová, D., Feo, V.D. (2017). Biomass production and essential oil in a new bred cultivar of peppermint (Mentha × piperita L.). Industrial Crops and Products 109 (15): 812-817. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.indcrop.2017.09.034
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  • Izadi, Z., Ahmadvand, G., Asna Ashri, M., Piri, J. (2010). Effect of nitrogen and plant density on some growth characteristic, yield and essence in peppermint. Iranian Journal of Field Crops Research 8 (5): 824-836.
  • Joshi, K., Singh, V., Kumar, A., Tiwari, R. (2018). Effect on herbage and oil yield in different Mentha species ıntercropped with poplar. Journal of Pharmacognosy and Phytochemistry 7 (1): 1750-1754.
  • Kang, S., Post, W., Nichols, J., Wang, D., West, T., Bandaru, V., Izaurralde, R. (2013). Marginal lands, concept, assessment and management. Journal of Agricultural Science 5 (5): 129-139. http://dx.doi.org/10.5539/jas.v5n5p129.
  • Kassahun, B.M., Silva, J.A.T., Solomon, A.M. (2011). Agronomic characters, leaf and essential oil yield of peppermint (Mentha piperiata L.) as ınfluenced by harvesting age and row spacing. Medicinal and Aromatic Plant Science and Biotechnology 5 (1): 49-53.
  • Koocheki, A., Sabet, Teimouri, M. (2011). Effects of fertilizer types and ırrigation ıntervals of on quantity criteria of lavender (Lavandula angustifolia), rosemary (Rosemarinus officinalis) and hyssop (Hyssopus officinalis). Iranian Journal of Field Crops Research 9 (1): 78-87.
  • Lima, H..RP., Kaplan, M.A.C., Cruz, A.V.M. (2003). Influence of abiotic factors on terpenoids production and variability in the plants. Floresta e Ambiente 10 (2): 71-77.
  • Loreto, F., Ciccioli, P., Cecinato, A., Brancaleoni, E., Frattoni, M., Tricoli, D. (1996). Infuence of environmental factors and air composition on the emission of [alpha]-Pinene from Quercus ilex leaves. Plant Physiol 110 (1):267-275. https://doi.org/10.1104/pp.110.1.267
  • Mammadov, R. (2014). Secondary Metabolites in Spermatophytes. Nobel Pub. Ankara.
  • Mansoori, A. (2014). The effect of plant density and harvesting time on growth and essential oil of peppermint (Mentha piperita L.). Journal of Medical and Bioengineering 3 (2): 113-116. https://doi.org/113-116. 10.12720/jomb.3.2.113-116
  • Murray, M.J., Marble, P., Lincoln, D., Mefendehl, F.W. (1988). Peppermint Oil Quality Differences and the Reason for Them. (Flavor and Fragrances: A World Perspective. Eds. Lawrence, B.M., Mookhejee, B.D., Willis, B.T.) 189-210. Elsevier Press, Amsterdam.
  • Nair, B. (2001). Final report on the safety assessment of Mentha Piperita (peppermint) oil, Mentha Piperita (peppermint) leaf extract, Mentha piperita (Peppermint) leaf, and Mentha Piperita (peppermint) leaf water. International Journal of Toxicology 20 (3): 61-73. https://doi.org/10.1080/10915810152902592
  • Omidbeigi, R. (2013). Production and Processing of Medicinal Plants II. 2nd ed. Behnashr Pub. Msh’had.
  • Ostadi, A., Javanmard, A., Amani-Machiani, M., Morshedloo, M.R., Nouraein, M., Rasouli, F., Maggi, F. (2020). Effect of different fertilizer sources and harvesting time on the growth characteristics, nutrient uptakes, essential oil productivity and composition of Mentha × piperita L. Industrial Crops and Products Volume 148: 112290. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.indcrop.2020.112290
  • Özel, A., Özgüven, M. (1999). Effect of different planting times on yields and agricultural characters of different mint (Mentha spp.) varieties under the Harran plain conditions. Turkish Journal of Agriculture and Forestry 23 (4): 921-928.
  • Özgüven, M., Kırıcı, S. (1999). Farklı ekolojilerde nane türlerinin verim ile uçucu yağ oran ve bileşenlerinin araştirilmasi. Turkish Journal of Agriculture and Forestry 23 (5): 465-472.
  • Özgüven, M., Soltanbeigi, A., Şekeroğlu, N. (2012). The study of the adaptation, yield and quality of the different variety of anise (Pimpinella anisum L.) under efficient and marginal lands in Çukurova area (Turkey). 1st National Congress on Medicinal Plants. 16-17 May. Kish Island, Iran.
  • Rios-Estepa, R., Lange, I., Lee, J.M., Lange, B.M. (2010). Mathematical modeling-guided evaluation of biochemical, developmental, environmental, and genotypic determinants of essential oil composition and yield in peppermint leaves. Plant Physiology 152 (4): 2105-2119. https://doi.org/10.1104/pp.109.152256
  • Rios-Estepa, R., Turner, G.W., Lee, J.M., Croteau, R.B., Lange, B.M. (2008). A systems biology approach ıdentifies the biochemical mechanisms regulating monoterpenoid essential oil composition in peppermint. The Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences 105 (8): 2818-2823. https://doi.org/10.1073/pnas.0712314105
  • Rita, P., Animesh, D.K. (2011). An updated overview on peppermint (Mentha piperita L.). International Research Journal of Pharmacy 2(8): 1-10.
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  • SEEMLA (Sustainable Exploitation of Biomass for Bioenergy from Marginal Lands in Europe). (2016). http://www.advancefuel.eu/contents/files/seemla-final-conference-wp1.pdf (Erişim tarihi: 08.03.2021)
  • Sharma, S., Tyagi, B., Naqvi, A.A., Thakur, R.S. (1992). Stability of essential oil yield and quality characters in Japanese mint (M. arvensis L.) under varied environmental conditions. Journal of Essential Oil Research 4 (4): 411-416. https://doi.org/10.1080/10412905.1992.9698093
  • Singh, M., Singh, V.P., Singh, D.V. (1995). Effect of planting time on growth, yield and quality of spearmint (Mentha spicata L.) under subtropical climate of Central Utar Pradesh. Journal of Essential Oil Research 7 (6): 621-626. https://doi.org/10.1080/10412905.1995.9700516
  • Soltanbeigi, A., Sakartepe, E. (2020). Chemical specification of wild Salvia tomentosa Mill. collected from Inner Aegean Region of Turkey. Journal of Medicinal and Spice Plants 24 (1): 31-35.
  • Telci, İ. 2001. Farklı nane (Mentha spp.) klonlarının bazı morfolojik, tarımsal ve teknolojik özelliklerinin belirlenmesi üzerinde bir araştırma. (Doktora Tezi) Gaziosmanpaşa Üniversitesi Fen Bilimleri Enstitüsü, Tokat.
  • Telci, İ., Elmastaş, M., Demirtaş, İ., Kacar, O., Aytaç, Z., Yılmaz, E. (2015). Türkiye’de kültürü yapilan reyhanlarda (Ocimum basilicum L.) flavonoid ve fenolik asit kompozisyonlarinin araştirilarak farkli kemotiplerin belirlenmesi, önemli bileşiklerin ekolojilere göre değişimi ve antioksidan potansiyellerinin karşilaştirilmasi. Araştırma Projesi Raporu, No: 111O677, TÜBİTAK.
  • Tuğay, M.E., Kaya, N., Yilmaz, G., Telci, I., Dönmez, E. (2000). Tokat ve çevresinde yaygin olarak bulunan bazi aromatik bitkilerin bitkisel ve teknolojik özellikleri. Araştırma Projesi Raporu, No: TOGTAG-1690, TÜBİTAK.
  • Umarusman, M.A., Aysan, Y., Özgüven, M. (2019). Farklı bitki ekstraktlarinin bezelye bakteriyel yaprak yanikliğina (Pseudomonas syringae pv. pisi) antibakteriyel etkilerinin araştirilmasi. Tekirdağ Ziraat Fakültesi Dergisi 16 (3): 297-314. https://doi.org/10.33462/jotaf.527213
  • Upadhyay, R.K., Bahl, J.R., Verma, R.S., Padalia, R.C., Chauhan, A., Patr, D.D. (2014). New source of planting material for quality cultivation of menthol-mint (Mentha arvensis L.). Industrial Crops and Products 59: 184-188. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.indcrop.2014.05.019
  • Yeşil, M., Öner, E., Özcan, M.M. (2018). Determination of agricultural characteristics of different mint (Mentha sp.) species in Ordu ecological conditions. Turkish Journal of Agriculture - Food Science and Technology 6 (12): 1734-1740. https://doi.org/10.24925/turjaf.v6i12.1734-1740.1979
  • Yilmaz, K. (2018). Isparta koşullarinda yetiştirilen Mentha piperita L. türüne ait klon ve çeşitlerin verim ve kalite özelliklerinin belirlenmesi. (Yüksek Lisans Tezi) Süleyman Demirel Üniversitesi Fen Bilimleri Enstitüsü, Isparta.
  • Zheljazkov, V.D., Cantrell, C.L., Astatkie, T., Ebelhar, M.W. (2010). Peppermint productivity and oil composition as a function of nitrogen, growth stage, and harvest time. Agronomy Journal 102 (1), 124-128. https://doi.org/10.2134/agronj2009.0256
Toplam 59 adet kaynakça vardır.

Ayrıntılar

Birincil Dil Türkçe
Bölüm Makaleler
Yazarlar

Amir Soltanbeigi 0000-0002-8791-0482

Menşure Özgüven 0000-0002-0489-4406

Proje Numarası ZF2012D4
Yayımlanma Tarihi 20 Aralık 2021
Gönderilme Tarihi 8 Mart 2021
Kabul Tarihi 28 Nisan 2021
Yayımlandığı Sayı Yıl 2021

Kaynak Göster

APA Soltanbeigi, A., & Özgüven, M. (2021). Marjinal Arazi Koşulları ve Ekim Zamanının Mentha × piperita’nın Verim ve Kalitesine Etkileri. Tekirdağ Ziraat Fakültesi Dergisi, 18(4), 702-717. https://doi.org/10.33462/jotaf.893022
AMA Soltanbeigi A, Özgüven M. Marjinal Arazi Koşulları ve Ekim Zamanının Mentha × piperita’nın Verim ve Kalitesine Etkileri. JOTAF. Aralık 2021;18(4):702-717. doi:10.33462/jotaf.893022
Chicago Soltanbeigi, Amir, ve Menşure Özgüven. “Marjinal Arazi Koşulları Ve Ekim Zamanının Mentha × piperita’nın Verim Ve Kalitesine Etkileri”. Tekirdağ Ziraat Fakültesi Dergisi 18, sy. 4 (Aralık 2021): 702-17. https://doi.org/10.33462/jotaf.893022.
EndNote Soltanbeigi A, Özgüven M (01 Aralık 2021) Marjinal Arazi Koşulları ve Ekim Zamanının Mentha × piperita’nın Verim ve Kalitesine Etkileri. Tekirdağ Ziraat Fakültesi Dergisi 18 4 702–717.
IEEE A. Soltanbeigi ve M. Özgüven, “Marjinal Arazi Koşulları ve Ekim Zamanının Mentha × piperita’nın Verim ve Kalitesine Etkileri”, JOTAF, c. 18, sy. 4, ss. 702–717, 2021, doi: 10.33462/jotaf.893022.
ISNAD Soltanbeigi, Amir - Özgüven, Menşure. “Marjinal Arazi Koşulları Ve Ekim Zamanının Mentha × piperita’nın Verim Ve Kalitesine Etkileri”. Tekirdağ Ziraat Fakültesi Dergisi 18/4 (Aralık 2021), 702-717. https://doi.org/10.33462/jotaf.893022.
JAMA Soltanbeigi A, Özgüven M. Marjinal Arazi Koşulları ve Ekim Zamanının Mentha × piperita’nın Verim ve Kalitesine Etkileri. JOTAF. 2021;18:702–717.
MLA Soltanbeigi, Amir ve Menşure Özgüven. “Marjinal Arazi Koşulları Ve Ekim Zamanının Mentha × piperita’nın Verim Ve Kalitesine Etkileri”. Tekirdağ Ziraat Fakültesi Dergisi, c. 18, sy. 4, 2021, ss. 702-17, doi:10.33462/jotaf.893022.
Vancouver Soltanbeigi A, Özgüven M. Marjinal Arazi Koşulları ve Ekim Zamanının Mentha × piperita’nın Verim ve Kalitesine Etkileri. JOTAF. 2021;18(4):702-17.