Infection of Botrytis cinerea in Different Fungicide Application Programs in Semillon Grape

Yıl 2018, Cilt: 15 Sayı: 3, 61 - 67, 15.09.2018

Nagehan Desen Köycü Cengiz Özer Erhan Solak Nafiz Delen

Öz

Botrytis cinerea can lead to
reduction in the yield and quality of table and wine grapes, with high economic
loses in the world and also Turkey. In this work was compared fungicide
applications in trial vineyard of Semillon cv. with that of several grower
vineyards the effectiveness to fruit infection of Botrytis cinerea at harvest. Studies were conducted at five sites
in Tekirdağ. All fungicide treatments reduced mean B. cinerea berry infection when compared to the unsprayed control
treatment. Trial programme resulted in at least disease severity (1.46%) and
incidence (5.83%) and this programme was used fungicide at flower stage for B. cinerea. The highest disease severity
(11.46%) and incidence (31.67%) was noted in Grower I Programme. This is
followed by Grower III programme, Grower II programme and Grower IV programme,
respectively. The recommendation for control of B. cinerea in the Trakya region is to apply one spray at bloom.

Anahtar Kelimeler

Botrytis cinerea, fungicides, berry infection

Farklı Fungisit Uygulama Programlarında Semillon Üzümünde Botrytis cinerea’nın Enfeksiyonu

Öz

Botrytis cinerea dünyada olduğu gibi aynı zamanda Türkiye’de
de sofralık ve şaraplık üzümlerde önemli ekonomik kayıplara neden
olabilmektedir. Bu çalışmada, Semillon şaraplık üzüm çeşidinde B. cinerea’nın hasat döneminde meydana
getirdiği meyve enfeksiyonlarına karşı fungisit deneme programı ile
üreticilerin uyguladığı fungisit programları karşılaştırılmıştır. Deneme
Tekirdağ ilinde gerçekleştirilmiştir. B.
cinerea’ya karşı fungisit uygulaması yapılmamış kontrol üretici bağındaki
hastalık şiddeti %66,67 olarak tespit edilmiştir. Uygulanan tüm fungisit
programları konrol üretici bağı ile karşılaştırıldığında B. cinerea’nın tane enfeksiyonlarını azalttığı tespit edilmiştir.
En az hastalık şiddeti (%1,46) ve hastalık oranı (%5.83) çiçeklenme döneminden
itibaren başlatılan deneme programında tespit edilmiştir. En yüksek hastalık
şiddeti (%11.46) ve hastalık oranı (%31.67) I. üreticinin uyguladığı programda
tespit edilmiştir. Bunu sırasıyla III. üretici programı, II. üretici programı
ve IV. üretici programı takip etmiştir. Trakya Bölgesi’nde B. cinerea’nın kontrolü için çiçeklenme döneminde fungisit
uygulamalarının başlatılması gerekmektedir.

Anahtar Kelimeler

Botrytis cinerea, fungisit, tane enfeksiyonu

Kaynakça

• Abbott, W.S., 1925. A method of computing the effectiveness of an insecticide..Journal Economy Entomol. 18:265-267.
• Agnew, R.H., D.C. Mundy and R. Balasubramaniam. 2004. Effects of spraying strategies based on monitored disease risk on grape disease control and fungicide usage in Malborough. New Zealand Plant Protec. 57:30-36.
• Anonymous, 1996. Ministry of agriculture and rural affairs general directorate of agricultural research standart fungicide treatment methods. pp. 22-24.
• Broome, J.C., J.T. English, J.J. Marois, B.A. Latorre and J.C. Aviles, 1995. Development an infection model for Botrytis bunch rot of grapes based on wetness duration and temperature. Phytopathology 85:97-102.
• Burçak, A.. and N. Delen, 2000. Bağlardan izole edilen kurşuni küf (Botrytis cinerea Pers.) izolatlarının bazı fungisitlere duyarlılıkları üzerinde araştırmalar, Bitki Koruma Bül., 40(3-4):153-168.
• Delen, N. 2016. Fungicides. Nobel press, Ankara, Turkey. 534 pp.
• Elmer P.A.G. and T.J Michailides, 2004. Epidemiology of Botrytis cinerea in orchard and vine crops. In: Elad Y, Williamson B, Tudzynski P, Delen N ed. Botrytis: Biology, Pathology and Control. Springer, Dordrecht, The Netherlands. Pp. 243-272.
• Koplay, C. 2003.Studies on Determination of Fungal Pathogens Causing rots on Sultanina Table Grapes and Their Control with Fungicides in vitro Conditions. İzmir, Turkey, P. 105. MS.thesis. Köycü, N. D., N. Özer and C. Özer, 2005. Reactions agains to gray mold of wine grape varieties in Tekirdağ. In: 6th Turkish Vine Symposium. September Tekirdağ, Turkey. pp. 305-309.
• Köycü, N.D. 2007.Studies on the Determination of the Sensitivity level of Causal Agent of Gray Mould Disease (Botrytis cinerea Pers. Ex. Fr.) Against the Fungicides Used in Vineyards and Chemical Control.Süleymanpaşa/Tekirdağ, p, 104 phD Thesis.
• Köycü, N.D., N. Özer and N. Delen, 2012. Sensitivity of Botrytis cinerea isolates against some fungicides used in vineyards.African J. Biotech. Vol. 11(8), pp. 1892-1899.
• Leroux, P., F. Chapeland, D. Desbrosses and M. Gredt, 1999. Patterns of cross-resistance to fungicides in Botryotinia fuckeliana (Botrytis cinerea) isolates from French vineyards. Crop Protec. 18, s:687-697.
• Leroux, P. 2004.Chemical control of Botrytis and its resistance to chemical fungicides.In: Elad Y, Williamson B, Tudzynski P, Delen N ed. Botrytis: Biology, Pathology and Control. Springer, Dordrecht, The Netherlands. Pp. 195-217.
• McClellan, WD., and W.B. Hewitt, 1973. Early Botrytis Rot Grapes: Time of Infection and Latency of Botrytis cinerea Pers. in Vitis vinifera L. Phytopathology, 63:1151-1157.
• Nair N.G., R.N. Allen, 1993. Infection of grape flowers and berries by Botrytis cinerea as a function of time and temperature. Mycological Research. 97:1012-1014.
• Nair, N.G., S. Guilbaud-Oulton, I. Barchia and R. Emmet, 1995. Significance of carry over inoculums, flower infection and latency on the incidence of Botrytis cinerea in berries of grapevines at harvest in New South wales. Australian J. Experiment Agricul. 35, 1177-1180.
• Özer, N., N.D. Köycü, C. Özer. and A. Ippolito, 2004. Evaluation of Susceptibility of table grape cultivars to botrytis bunch rot. XIII. International Botrytis Symposium. Abstracts, 85.
• Petit, A., N. Vaillant-Gaveau, A.S. Walker, P. Leroux, F. Baillieul, M.L.Pannon, C. Clement and F. Fontaine, 2011. Effects of fludioxonil on Botrytis cinerea and on grapevine defence response. Phytopathol. Mediter. 50, 130−138.
• Reberdinos, L., I. Vallejo, M. Carbu and J.M. Cantoral, 2003. Control of agricultural diseases and pests: The case of Botrytis cinerea. Microorganisms for Health Care Food and Enzyme Production. 269-287.
• Shtienberg, D. 2004. Rational Management of Botrytis-Incited Diseases: Integration of Control Measures and Use of Warning Systems. In: Elad Y, Williamson B, Tudzynski P, Delen N ed. Botrytis: Biology, Pathology and Control. Springer, Dordrecht, The Netherlands. Pp. 335-346.
• Walker, A., A., Micoud, F. Remuson, J. Grosman, M. Gredt and P. Leroux, 2012. French vineyards provide information that opens ways for effective resistance management of Botrytis cinerea (grey mould). Pest Management Sci. 69:667-678.