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Long-term Water Productivity of Maize (Zea mays L.) From Limited Irrigation Conditions under Moderate Semi-arid Environment

Yıl 2021, Cilt: 18 Sayı: 3, 400 - 410, 07.09.2021
https://doi.org/10.33462/jotaf.702148

Öz

Crop production has a correlation with the applied water in moderate semi-arid conditions. Due to temperature and rainfall changes enhancing water productivity in crop production are needed for a limited resource conditions. In this study, maize (Zea mays L.) yields measured in fields during 11 years from 2005-2006 to 2015-2016 were compared with those simulated by the Agro-ecological Zone method under moderate semi-arid environment located at the north west of Iran with a soil texture of loamy-clay. Different research scenarios involving actual evapotranspirationc (ETa) to potential (ETm) value (ETa/ETm= 100%, 90%, 80%, 70%, 60%, 50% and 40%) under different water application efficiencies (Ea) of 40%, 50%, 60%, 70%, 80%, 90% and 100% were considered in the present study. Research scenarios affected yield and water productivity of maize. To produce potential yield of maize of 10084 kg ha-1 under water application efficiency of 100, 90, 80, 70, 60, 50 and 40%, irrigation water requirements were respectively 4683, 5203, 5854, 6690, 7805, 9366, 11708 m3 ha-1 and water productivity were respectively 2.15, 1.94, 1.72, 1.51, 1.29, 1.08, 0.86 kg m-3. Results confirmed that water productivity of maize was from 1.22 to 1.52 kg m-3 with an average of 1.38 kg m-3 during 11 years under water application efficiency of 68%. Because measured yield ranged from 3800 to 6971 kg ha-1 with an average of 5345 kg ha-1 and water applied was from 3125 to 4584 and averaged 3836 m3 ha-1. It is suggested that limited irrigation could be applied to enhance water productivity in maize production under such moderate semi-arid environment.

Kaynakça

  • Abadi, A. G. F., Nasseri, A., and Nosrati, A. E. (2010). Water use efficiency and yield of garlic responses to the irrigation system, intra-row spacing and nitrogen fertilization. Journal of Food, Agriculture and Environment, 8(2), 344-346.
  • Abbasi, F., F. Sohrab and N. Abbasi, (2016). Evaluating on irrigation efficiencies and temporal and spatial variations in Iran. Technical Report No. 48496, Agricultural Engineering Research Institute.
  • Al-Kaisi, M. M., and Yin, X. (2003). Effects of nitrogen rate, irrigation rate, and plant population on corn yield and water use efficiency. Agronomy journal, 95(6), 1475-1482.
  • Bramley, H., Turner, N. C., and Siddique, K. H. (2013). Water use efficiency. In Genomics and breeding for climate-resilient crops (pp. 225-268). Springer, Berlin, Heidelberg.
  • Darusman A.H., Khan L.R., Stone W.E., Spurgeon, Lamm F.R. (1997). Water flux below the root zone vs. irrigation amount in drip-irrigated corn. Agron. J. 89, 375-379.
  • Davis, J. R. and M. A. Hagood. (1961). Efficient distribution of water in irrigating annual crops with limited supplies in drought years. California Agriculture. 15, 6-8.
  • Denmead O.T., Shaw R.H. (1960). The effects of soil moisture stress at different stages of growth on the development and yield of corn. Agron J. 52,272-274.
  • Doorenbos, J., and Kassam, A. H. (1979). Yield response to water. Irrigation and drainage paper, 33, 257.
  • Du, T., Kang, S., Sun, J., Zhang, X., and Zhang, J. (2010). An improved water use efficiency of cereals under temporal and spatial deficit irrigation in north China. Agricultural Water Management, 97(1), 66-74.
  • Eck H.V. Irrigated corn yield response to nitrogen and water. Agron. J. 1984; 76:421-428.
  • El-Hendawy, S. E., El-Lattief, E. A. A., Ahmed, M. S., and Schmidhalter, U. (2008). Irrigation rate and plant density effects on yield and water use efficiency of drip-irrigated corn. Agricultural Water Management, 95(7), 836-844.
  • El-Wahed, M. A., and Ali, E. A. (2013). Effect of irrigation systems, amounts of irrigation water and mulching on corn yield, water use efficiency and net profit. Agricultural Water Management, 120, 64-71.
  • Ezenne, G. I., Jupp, L., Mantel, S. K., and Tanner, J. L. (2019). Current and potential capabilities of UAS for crop water productivity in precision agriculture. Agricultural Water Management, 218, 158-164.
  • FAO. 2011. FAOSTAT online database, available at link http://faostat.fao.org/.accessed on December 2011.
  • Fang, Q., Ma, L., Yu, Q., Ahuja, L. R., Malone, R. W., and Hoogenboom, G. (2010). Irrigation strategies to improve the water use efficiency of wheat–maize double cropping systems in North China Plain. Agricultural Water Management, 97(8), 1165-1174.
  • Foley, D. J., Thenkabail, P. S., Aneece, I. P., Teluguntla, P. G., & Oliphant, A. J. (2020). A meta-analysis of global crop water productivity of three leading world crops (wheat, corn, and rice) in the irrigated areas over three decades. International Journal of Digital Earth, 13(8), 939-975.
  • Gilley, J.R., Watts, D.G., Sullivan, C.Y., 1980. Management of irrigation agriculture with a limited water and energy supply. Institute of Agriculture and Natural Resources, University of Nebraska-Lincoln, 168 pp.
  • Golizadeh, H., Ebadzadeh, H.R., Hatami, F., Hosseinpour, R., Mohiti, Z., Fazli, M., Rezaei, M.M., Arab, H., Kazemifard, R., Fazli, B., Abdshah, H., Sefidi, H., Rafiei, M., Kazemian, A., (2014). Crop production features (2012-2013) in Iran. Agricultural Ministry. Islamic Republic of Iran, pp. 167 (in Farsi).
  • Güneş, A., and Fatih, Ö. N. E. R. (2019). Determination of Silage Yield and Quality Characteristics of Some Maize (Zea mays L.) Varieties. Tekirdağ Ziraat Fakültesi Dergisi, 16(1), 42-50.
  • Guo, R., Lin, Z., Mo, X., and Yang, C. (2010). Responses of crop yield and water use efficiency to climate change in the North China Plain. Agricultural Water Management, 97(8), 1185-1194.
  • Hamdy, A., Ragab, R., and Scarascia‐Mugnozza, E. (2003). Coping with water scarcity: water saving and increasing water productivity. Irrigation and drainage, 52(1), 3-20.
  • Hsiao, T. C., Fereres, E., Acevedo, E., and Henderson, D. W. (1976). Water stress and dynamics of growth and yield of crop plants. In Water and plant life (pp. 281-305). Springer, Berlin, Heidelberg.
  • Howell, T. A., Yazar, A., Schneider, A. D., Dusek, D. A., and Copeland, K. S. (1995). Yield and water use efficiency of corn in response to LEPA irrigation. Transactions of the ASAE, 38(6), 1737-1747.
  • Johnson B.S., Blake G.R., Nelson W.W. (1987). Midseason soil water recharge for corn in the Northwestern Corn Belt. Agron. J. 79:661-667.
  • Karam, F., Breidy, J., Stephan, C., and Rouphael, J. (2003). Evapotranspiration, yield and water use efficiency of drip irrigated corn in the Bekaa Valley of Lebanon. Agricultural Water Management, 63(2), 125-137.
  • Katerji, N., Campi, P., and Mastrorilli, M. (2013). Productivity, evapotranspiration, and water use efficiency of corn and tomato crops simulated by AquaCrop under contrasting water stress conditions in the Mediterranean region. Agricultural Water Management, 130, 14-26.
  • Katerji, N., Mastrorilli, M., and Cherni, H. E. (2010). Effects of corn deficit irrigation and soil properties on water use efficiency. A 25-year analysis of a Mediterranean environment using the STICS model. European Journal of Agronomy, 32(2), 177-185.
  • Kipkorir, E.C., Raes, D. and Massawe, B. (2002). Seasonal water production functions and yield response factors for maize and onion in Perkerra, Kenya. Agricultural Water Management, 56(2), 229-240.
  • Klocke, N.L., Schneekloth, J.P., Melvin, S., Clark, R.T., Payero, J.O., (2004). Field scale limited irrigation scenarios for water policy strategies. Appl. Eng. Agric. 20,623–631.
  • Laboski, C. A. M., Dowdy, R. H., Allmaras, R. R., and Lamb, J. A. (1998). Soil strength and water content influences on corn root distribution in a sandy soil. Plant and Soil, 203(2), 239-247.
  • Lamm, F. R., Manges, H. L., Stone, L. R., Khan, A. H., and Rogers, D. H. (1995). Water requirement of subsurface drip-irrigated corn in northwest Kansas. Transactions of the ASAE, 38(2), 441-448.
  • Li, Q., Dong, B., Qiao, Y., Liu, M., and Zhang, J. (2010). Root growth, available soil water, and water-use efficiency of winter wheat under different irrigation regimes applied at different growth stages in North China. Agricultural Water Management, 97(10), 1676-1682.
  • Musick J.T., Dusek D.A. (1980). Irrigated corn yield response to water. Trans. Am. Soc. Agric. Eng. 23:92-98 Nasseri, A. (1999). Analysis and Optimization of Water Use-Crop Yield Relations in Moghan. 9th Seminar of Iranian National Comittee on Irrigation and Drainage.
  • Nasseri, A. (2005). Yield function of corn in the regions of Iran. National meeting on corn. Khozestan Agricultural Organization. Iran.
  • Nasseri, A. (2006). Water Use Effects on Corn Production in Moghan, Tabriz and Khoy (Iran). 7th Meeting of Islamic Azad University on Agriculture and Natural Resources, Tabriz, Iran.
  • Nasseri, A., and Bahramloo, R. (2009). Potato cultivar Marfuna yield and water use efficiency responses to early-season water stress. Int. J. Agric. Biol, 11, 201-204.
  • Nasseri, A., and Fallahi, H. A. (2007). Water use efficiency of winter wheat under deficit irrigation. Journal of Biological sciences, 7(1), 21-28.
  • Norwood, C. A, (2000). Water use and yield of limited-irrigated and dryland corn. Soil Science Society of America Journal, 64,365-370.
  • Payero, J. O., Tarkalson, D. D., Irmak, S., Davison, D., and Petersen, J. L. (2008). Effect of irrigation amounts applied with subsurface drip irrigation on corn evapotranspiration, yield, water use efficiency, and dry matter production in a semiarid climate. Agricultural Water Management, 95(8), 895-908.
  • Payero, J.O., Melvin, S.R., Irmak, S., Tarkalson, D., (2006). Yield response of corn to deficit irrigation in a semiarid climate. Agric. Water Manage. 84, 101– 112.
  • Penman, H. L. (1950). The dependence of transpiration on weather and soil conditions. Journal of Soil Science, 1(1), 74-89.
  • Penman, H. L. 1953. The physical bases of irrigation control. Rep. 13 Int. Hort. Cong.
  • Rhoades, F.M., Bennett, J.M., (1990). Corn. In: Stewart, B.A., Nielsen, D.R. (Eds), Irrigation of Agricultural Crops. Madison, WI, pp.569-596.
  • Robins J.S., Domingo C.E. (1953). Some effects of severe soil moisture deficits at specific growth stages of corn. Agron. J. 45:618-621.
  • Soltanbeigi, A. (2019). Effect of drought stress and seed pretreatment with CCC on yield and yield components of maize varieties. Tekirdağ Ziraat Fakültesi Dergisi, 16(1), 61-70.
  • Süheri, S., Hussein, N. M. H., Kurtar, E. S., Yavuz, N., and Yeşim, D. A. L. (2020). Determination of Yield and Quality of Different Snap Bean Varieties Under Deficit Irrigation. Tekirdağ Ziraat Fakültesi Dergisi, 17(2), 252-263.
  • Stone, L.R., (2003). Crop water use requirements and water use efficiencies. In: Proceedings of the 15th Annual Central Plains Irrigation Conference and Exposition, February 4–5, Colby, Kansas, pp. 127–133.
  • Zamani, A. S., and Nasseri, A. (2008). Response of dryland wheat production and precipitation water productivity to planting date. Asian Journal of Plant Sciences, 7(3), 323-326.
  • Zhang, X., Chen, S., Sun, H., Wang, Y., and Shao, L. (2010). Water use efficiency and associated traits in winter wheat cultivars in the North China Plain. Agricultural Water Management, 97(8), 1117-1125.

Long-term water productivity of maize (Zea mays L.) from limited Irrigation conditions under moderate semi-arid environment

Yıl 2021, Cilt: 18 Sayı: 3, 400 - 410, 07.09.2021
https://doi.org/10.33462/jotaf.702148

Öz

Crop production has a correlation with the applied water in moderate semi-arid conditions. Due to temperature and rainfall changes enhancing water productivity in crop production are needed for a limited resource conditions. In this study, maize (Zea mays L.) yields measured in fields during 11 years from 2005-2006 to 2015-2016 were compared with those simulated by the Agro-ecological Zone method under moderate semi-arid environment located at the north west of Iran with a soil texture of loamy-clay. Different research scenarios involving actual evapotranspirationc (ETa) to potential (ETm) value (ETa/ETm= 100%, 90%, 80%, 70%, 60%, 50% and 40%) under different water application efficiencies (Ea) of 40%, 50%, 60%, 70%, 80%, 90% and 100% were considered in the present study. Research scenarios affected yield and water productivity of maize. To produce potential yield of maize of 10084 kg ha-1 under water application efficiency of 100, 90, 80, 70, 60, 50 and 40%, irrigation water requirements were respectively 4683, 5203, 5854, 6690, 7805, 9366, 11708 m3 ha-1 and water productivity were respectively 2.15, 1.94, 1.72, 1.51, 1.29, 1.08, 0.86 kg m-3. Results confirmed that water productivity of maize was from 1.22 to 1.52 kg m-3 with an average of 1.38 kg m-3 during 11 years under water application efficiency of 68%. Because measured yield ranged from 3800 to 6971 kg ha-1 with an average of 5345 kg ha-1 and water applied was from 3125 to 4584 and averaged 3836 m3 ha-1. It is suggested that limited irrigation could be applied to enhance water productivity in maize production under such moderate semi-arid environment.

Kaynakça

  • Abadi, A. G. F., Nasseri, A., and Nosrati, A. E. (2010). Water use efficiency and yield of garlic responses to the irrigation system, intra-row spacing and nitrogen fertilization. Journal of Food, Agriculture and Environment, 8(2), 344-346.
  • Abbasi, F., F. Sohrab and N. Abbasi, (2016). Evaluating on irrigation efficiencies and temporal and spatial variations in Iran. Technical Report No. 48496, Agricultural Engineering Research Institute.
  • Al-Kaisi, M. M., and Yin, X. (2003). Effects of nitrogen rate, irrigation rate, and plant population on corn yield and water use efficiency. Agronomy journal, 95(6), 1475-1482.
  • Bramley, H., Turner, N. C., and Siddique, K. H. (2013). Water use efficiency. In Genomics and breeding for climate-resilient crops (pp. 225-268). Springer, Berlin, Heidelberg.
  • Darusman A.H., Khan L.R., Stone W.E., Spurgeon, Lamm F.R. (1997). Water flux below the root zone vs. irrigation amount in drip-irrigated corn. Agron. J. 89, 375-379.
  • Davis, J. R. and M. A. Hagood. (1961). Efficient distribution of water in irrigating annual crops with limited supplies in drought years. California Agriculture. 15, 6-8.
  • Denmead O.T., Shaw R.H. (1960). The effects of soil moisture stress at different stages of growth on the development and yield of corn. Agron J. 52,272-274.
  • Doorenbos, J., and Kassam, A. H. (1979). Yield response to water. Irrigation and drainage paper, 33, 257.
  • Du, T., Kang, S., Sun, J., Zhang, X., and Zhang, J. (2010). An improved water use efficiency of cereals under temporal and spatial deficit irrigation in north China. Agricultural Water Management, 97(1), 66-74.
  • Eck H.V. Irrigated corn yield response to nitrogen and water. Agron. J. 1984; 76:421-428.
  • El-Hendawy, S. E., El-Lattief, E. A. A., Ahmed, M. S., and Schmidhalter, U. (2008). Irrigation rate and plant density effects on yield and water use efficiency of drip-irrigated corn. Agricultural Water Management, 95(7), 836-844.
  • El-Wahed, M. A., and Ali, E. A. (2013). Effect of irrigation systems, amounts of irrigation water and mulching on corn yield, water use efficiency and net profit. Agricultural Water Management, 120, 64-71.
  • Ezenne, G. I., Jupp, L., Mantel, S. K., and Tanner, J. L. (2019). Current and potential capabilities of UAS for crop water productivity in precision agriculture. Agricultural Water Management, 218, 158-164.
  • FAO. 2011. FAOSTAT online database, available at link http://faostat.fao.org/.accessed on December 2011.
  • Fang, Q., Ma, L., Yu, Q., Ahuja, L. R., Malone, R. W., and Hoogenboom, G. (2010). Irrigation strategies to improve the water use efficiency of wheat–maize double cropping systems in North China Plain. Agricultural Water Management, 97(8), 1165-1174.
  • Foley, D. J., Thenkabail, P. S., Aneece, I. P., Teluguntla, P. G., & Oliphant, A. J. (2020). A meta-analysis of global crop water productivity of three leading world crops (wheat, corn, and rice) in the irrigated areas over three decades. International Journal of Digital Earth, 13(8), 939-975.
  • Gilley, J.R., Watts, D.G., Sullivan, C.Y., 1980. Management of irrigation agriculture with a limited water and energy supply. Institute of Agriculture and Natural Resources, University of Nebraska-Lincoln, 168 pp.
  • Golizadeh, H., Ebadzadeh, H.R., Hatami, F., Hosseinpour, R., Mohiti, Z., Fazli, M., Rezaei, M.M., Arab, H., Kazemifard, R., Fazli, B., Abdshah, H., Sefidi, H., Rafiei, M., Kazemian, A., (2014). Crop production features (2012-2013) in Iran. Agricultural Ministry. Islamic Republic of Iran, pp. 167 (in Farsi).
  • Güneş, A., and Fatih, Ö. N. E. R. (2019). Determination of Silage Yield and Quality Characteristics of Some Maize (Zea mays L.) Varieties. Tekirdağ Ziraat Fakültesi Dergisi, 16(1), 42-50.
  • Guo, R., Lin, Z., Mo, X., and Yang, C. (2010). Responses of crop yield and water use efficiency to climate change in the North China Plain. Agricultural Water Management, 97(8), 1185-1194.
  • Hamdy, A., Ragab, R., and Scarascia‐Mugnozza, E. (2003). Coping with water scarcity: water saving and increasing water productivity. Irrigation and drainage, 52(1), 3-20.
  • Hsiao, T. C., Fereres, E., Acevedo, E., and Henderson, D. W. (1976). Water stress and dynamics of growth and yield of crop plants. In Water and plant life (pp. 281-305). Springer, Berlin, Heidelberg.
  • Howell, T. A., Yazar, A., Schneider, A. D., Dusek, D. A., and Copeland, K. S. (1995). Yield and water use efficiency of corn in response to LEPA irrigation. Transactions of the ASAE, 38(6), 1737-1747.
  • Johnson B.S., Blake G.R., Nelson W.W. (1987). Midseason soil water recharge for corn in the Northwestern Corn Belt. Agron. J. 79:661-667.
  • Karam, F., Breidy, J., Stephan, C., and Rouphael, J. (2003). Evapotranspiration, yield and water use efficiency of drip irrigated corn in the Bekaa Valley of Lebanon. Agricultural Water Management, 63(2), 125-137.
  • Katerji, N., Campi, P., and Mastrorilli, M. (2013). Productivity, evapotranspiration, and water use efficiency of corn and tomato crops simulated by AquaCrop under contrasting water stress conditions in the Mediterranean region. Agricultural Water Management, 130, 14-26.
  • Katerji, N., Mastrorilli, M., and Cherni, H. E. (2010). Effects of corn deficit irrigation and soil properties on water use efficiency. A 25-year analysis of a Mediterranean environment using the STICS model. European Journal of Agronomy, 32(2), 177-185.
  • Kipkorir, E.C., Raes, D. and Massawe, B. (2002). Seasonal water production functions and yield response factors for maize and onion in Perkerra, Kenya. Agricultural Water Management, 56(2), 229-240.
  • Klocke, N.L., Schneekloth, J.P., Melvin, S., Clark, R.T., Payero, J.O., (2004). Field scale limited irrigation scenarios for water policy strategies. Appl. Eng. Agric. 20,623–631.
  • Laboski, C. A. M., Dowdy, R. H., Allmaras, R. R., and Lamb, J. A. (1998). Soil strength and water content influences on corn root distribution in a sandy soil. Plant and Soil, 203(2), 239-247.
  • Lamm, F. R., Manges, H. L., Stone, L. R., Khan, A. H., and Rogers, D. H. (1995). Water requirement of subsurface drip-irrigated corn in northwest Kansas. Transactions of the ASAE, 38(2), 441-448.
  • Li, Q., Dong, B., Qiao, Y., Liu, M., and Zhang, J. (2010). Root growth, available soil water, and water-use efficiency of winter wheat under different irrigation regimes applied at different growth stages in North China. Agricultural Water Management, 97(10), 1676-1682.
  • Musick J.T., Dusek D.A. (1980). Irrigated corn yield response to water. Trans. Am. Soc. Agric. Eng. 23:92-98 Nasseri, A. (1999). Analysis and Optimization of Water Use-Crop Yield Relations in Moghan. 9th Seminar of Iranian National Comittee on Irrigation and Drainage.
  • Nasseri, A. (2005). Yield function of corn in the regions of Iran. National meeting on corn. Khozestan Agricultural Organization. Iran.
  • Nasseri, A. (2006). Water Use Effects on Corn Production in Moghan, Tabriz and Khoy (Iran). 7th Meeting of Islamic Azad University on Agriculture and Natural Resources, Tabriz, Iran.
  • Nasseri, A., and Bahramloo, R. (2009). Potato cultivar Marfuna yield and water use efficiency responses to early-season water stress. Int. J. Agric. Biol, 11, 201-204.
  • Nasseri, A., and Fallahi, H. A. (2007). Water use efficiency of winter wheat under deficit irrigation. Journal of Biological sciences, 7(1), 21-28.
  • Norwood, C. A, (2000). Water use and yield of limited-irrigated and dryland corn. Soil Science Society of America Journal, 64,365-370.
  • Payero, J. O., Tarkalson, D. D., Irmak, S., Davison, D., and Petersen, J. L. (2008). Effect of irrigation amounts applied with subsurface drip irrigation on corn evapotranspiration, yield, water use efficiency, and dry matter production in a semiarid climate. Agricultural Water Management, 95(8), 895-908.
  • Payero, J.O., Melvin, S.R., Irmak, S., Tarkalson, D., (2006). Yield response of corn to deficit irrigation in a semiarid climate. Agric. Water Manage. 84, 101– 112.
  • Penman, H. L. (1950). The dependence of transpiration on weather and soil conditions. Journal of Soil Science, 1(1), 74-89.
  • Penman, H. L. 1953. The physical bases of irrigation control. Rep. 13 Int. Hort. Cong.
  • Rhoades, F.M., Bennett, J.M., (1990). Corn. In: Stewart, B.A., Nielsen, D.R. (Eds), Irrigation of Agricultural Crops. Madison, WI, pp.569-596.
  • Robins J.S., Domingo C.E. (1953). Some effects of severe soil moisture deficits at specific growth stages of corn. Agron. J. 45:618-621.
  • Soltanbeigi, A. (2019). Effect of drought stress and seed pretreatment with CCC on yield and yield components of maize varieties. Tekirdağ Ziraat Fakültesi Dergisi, 16(1), 61-70.
  • Süheri, S., Hussein, N. M. H., Kurtar, E. S., Yavuz, N., and Yeşim, D. A. L. (2020). Determination of Yield and Quality of Different Snap Bean Varieties Under Deficit Irrigation. Tekirdağ Ziraat Fakültesi Dergisi, 17(2), 252-263.
  • Stone, L.R., (2003). Crop water use requirements and water use efficiencies. In: Proceedings of the 15th Annual Central Plains Irrigation Conference and Exposition, February 4–5, Colby, Kansas, pp. 127–133.
  • Zamani, A. S., and Nasseri, A. (2008). Response of dryland wheat production and precipitation water productivity to planting date. Asian Journal of Plant Sciences, 7(3), 323-326.
  • Zhang, X., Chen, S., Sun, H., Wang, Y., and Shao, L. (2010). Water use efficiency and associated traits in winter wheat cultivars in the North China Plain. Agricultural Water Management, 97(8), 1117-1125.
Toplam 49 adet kaynakça vardır.

Ayrıntılar

Birincil Dil İngilizce
Bölüm Makaleler
Yazarlar

Abolfazl Nasseri 0000-0002-6758-4050

Yayımlanma Tarihi 7 Eylül 2021
Gönderilme Tarihi 11 Mart 2020
Kabul Tarihi 17 Haziran 2021
Yayımlandığı Sayı Yıl 2021 Cilt: 18 Sayı: 3

Kaynak Göster

APA Nasseri, A. (2021). Long-term Water Productivity of Maize (Zea mays L.) From Limited Irrigation Conditions under Moderate Semi-arid Environment. Tekirdağ Ziraat Fakültesi Dergisi, 18(3), 400-410. https://doi.org/10.33462/jotaf.702148
AMA Nasseri A. Long-term Water Productivity of Maize (Zea mays L.) From Limited Irrigation Conditions under Moderate Semi-arid Environment. JOTAF. Eylül 2021;18(3):400-410. doi:10.33462/jotaf.702148
Chicago Nasseri, Abolfazl. “Long-Term Water Productivity of Maize (Zea Mays L.) From Limited Irrigation Conditions under Moderate Semi-Arid Environment”. Tekirdağ Ziraat Fakültesi Dergisi 18, sy. 3 (Eylül 2021): 400-410. https://doi.org/10.33462/jotaf.702148.
EndNote Nasseri A (01 Eylül 2021) Long-term Water Productivity of Maize (Zea mays L.) From Limited Irrigation Conditions under Moderate Semi-arid Environment. Tekirdağ Ziraat Fakültesi Dergisi 18 3 400–410.
IEEE A. Nasseri, “Long-term Water Productivity of Maize (Zea mays L.) From Limited Irrigation Conditions under Moderate Semi-arid Environment”, JOTAF, c. 18, sy. 3, ss. 400–410, 2021, doi: 10.33462/jotaf.702148.
ISNAD Nasseri, Abolfazl. “Long-Term Water Productivity of Maize (Zea Mays L.) From Limited Irrigation Conditions under Moderate Semi-Arid Environment”. Tekirdağ Ziraat Fakültesi Dergisi 18/3 (Eylül 2021), 400-410. https://doi.org/10.33462/jotaf.702148.
JAMA Nasseri A. Long-term Water Productivity of Maize (Zea mays L.) From Limited Irrigation Conditions under Moderate Semi-arid Environment. JOTAF. 2021;18:400–410.
MLA Nasseri, Abolfazl. “Long-Term Water Productivity of Maize (Zea Mays L.) From Limited Irrigation Conditions under Moderate Semi-Arid Environment”. Tekirdağ Ziraat Fakültesi Dergisi, c. 18, sy. 3, 2021, ss. 400-1, doi:10.33462/jotaf.702148.
Vancouver Nasseri A. Long-term Water Productivity of Maize (Zea mays L.) From Limited Irrigation Conditions under Moderate Semi-arid Environment. JOTAF. 2021;18(3):400-1.