Detection and Identification of Wheat Pest Chaetopteroplia segetum (Coleoptera: Scarabaeidae)

Yıl 2024, Cilt: 21 Sayı: 5, 1363 - 1372

Refika Ceyda Beram , Nurzhan Tashıgul , Alime Bayındır Erol

https://doi.org/10.33462/jotaf.1434467

Öz

Anisopliines are an important group of insects associated with both cultivated plants and wild weeds. Chaetopteroplia segetum (Herbst, 1783) (Coleoptera: Scarabaeidae), although preferring natural plants, can cause significant damage to agricultural crops such as wheat, rye, and corn, posing a major threat to agricultural fields. This species is widely distributed across Europe and Asia, and C. segetum has been reported in several provinces in Türkiye. However, despite its extensive geographical range, the phylogenetic relationships within the Scarabaeidae family remain poorly understood. This study aimed to detect, identify, and investigate the phylogenetic relationships of this wheat pest across various agricultural fields in the Çivril district of Denizli province, Türkiye. The surveys were systematically conducted between June and July 2023, with monthly sample collections carried out at predetermined locations within twelve different fields. The collected samples were morphologically characterized, and the morphological identification was further confirmed through molecular analysis of representative samples from each field. After DNA isolation, a partial fragment of the cytochrome oxidase I (COI) gene was amplified using universal barcode primers LCO1490F and HCO2198R. BLAST analysis revealed that all collected individuals exhibited 99%–100% similarity with previously reported C. segetum sequences. Furthermore, a phylogenetic tree was constructed using the neighbor-joining method with MEGA X software, based on COI gene region data, to elucidate the relationships among the individuals. Currently, there is limited information on the molecular classification of the Scarabaeidae family in Türkiye. The findings of this study contribute to bridging this gap by providing a foundation for future molecular research aimed at better understanding the genetic structure and phylogenetic relationships within this family.

Anahtar Kelimeler

Chaetopteroplia segetum, Wheat, COI, DNA barcoding, Türkiye

Etik Beyan

There is no need to obtain permission from the ethics committee for this study

Destekleyen Kurum

-

Teşekkür

-

Buğday Zararlısı Chaetopteroplia segetum (Coleoptera: Scarabaeidae)’un Tespiti ve Tanımlanması

Öz

Anisopliines, hem kültür bitkileri hem de yabani otlarla ilişkili önemli bir böcek grubunu oluşturur. Chaetopteroplia segetum (Herbst, 1783) (Coleoptera: Scarabaeidae), doğal bitkileri tercih etmesine rağmen, buğday, çavdar ve mısır gibi tarım ürünlerine önemli zararlar verebilen bir türdür ve bu özelliğiyle tarım alanlarında büyük bir tehdit oluşturmaktadır. Bu tür, geniş coğrafi yayılımı ile Avrupa ve Asya'da yaygın olarak bulunmakta olup, Türkiye'de de birçok ilde C. segetum örneklerine rastlanmıştır. Ancak, bu türün Scarabaeidae ailesindeki filogenetik ilişkileri henüz yeterince incelenmemiştir. Bu çalışmanın amacı, Türkiye'nin Denizli ilinin Çivril ilçesinde yer alan farklı tarım alanlarında buğday zararlısı olarak görülen C. segetum'u tespit etmek, tanımlamak ve filogenetik ilişkilerini araştırmaktır. Haziran ve Temmuz 2023 tarihleri arasında yapılan sörveyler, on iki farklı alandan sistematik bir şekilde gerçekleştirilmiş olup, önceden belirlenen noktalardan aylık örneklem toplama işlemi yapılmıştır. Toplanan örnekler, morfolojik olarak detaylı bir şekilde karakterize edilmiş ve morfolojik tanımlamalar, her bir alandan seçilen temsilci örneklerin moleküler analizleriyle doğrulanmıştır. DNA izolasyonu sonrası, LCO1490F ve HCO2198R evrensel barkod primerleri kullanılarak mitokondriyal DNA'nın sitokrom oksidaz I (COI) gen bölgesinin bir kısmı çoğaltılmıştır. Elde edilen veriler, BLAST analizi ile toplanan tüm bireylerin, daha önce bildirilen C. segetum dizileriyle %99–100 benzerlik gösterdiğini ortaya koymuştur. Ayrıca, COI gen bölgesine dayalı olarak, bireyler arasındaki filogenetik ilişkileri göstermek amacıyla MEGA X yazılımı ile neighbor-joining yöntemiyle bir filogenetik ağaç oluşturulmuştur. Türkiye'de Scarabaeidae ailesinin moleküler sınıflandırmasına dair mevcut veriler sınırlı olduğundan, bu çalışma, bu aileye ait genetik yapı ve filogenetik ilişkilerin daha iyi anlaşılmasına yönelik gelecekteki moleküler araştırmalara önemli bir temel oluşturmaktadır.

Anahtar Kelimeler

Chaetopteroplia segetum, buğday, COI, DNA barkodlama, Türkiye

Etik Beyan

Bu çalışma için etik kuruldan izin alınmasına gerek yoktur.

Destekleyen Kurum

-

Teşekkür

-

Kaynakça

• Altın, İ. and Özder, N. (2020). Investigations on harmful species of ınsect in the canola production areas in Çorlu, Tekirdağ. Journal of Tekirdag Agricultural Faculty, 17(2): 239-251 (In Turkish).
• Baraud, J. (1986). Nouvelle classification propose´e pour les espe`cesdu genre Anisoplia Fischer, 1824 (Col. Scarabaeoidea, Rutelidae) (premie`re partie). L’Entomologiste, 42: 325–344.
• Baraud, J. (1992). Cole´ opte`res Scarabaeoidea d’Europe. Faune deFrance, 78: 1–856.
• Bell, K. L., Yeates, D. K., Moritz, C. and Monteith, G. B. (2004). Molecular phylogeny and biogeography of the dung beetle genus Temnoplectron Westwood (Scarabaeidae: Scarabaeinae) from Australia’s wet tropics. Molecular Phylogenetics and Evolution, 31: 741-753.
• Blaxter, M. L. (2004). The promise of a DNA taxonomy. Philosophical Transactions of the Royal Society of London. Series B: Biological Sciences, 359(1444): 669-679.
• Browne, J. and Scholtz, C. H. (1995). Phylogeny of the families of Scarabaeoidea based on characters of the hindwing articulation, hindwing base and wing venation. Systematic Entomology, 20: 145-173.
• Folmer, R. H. A., Nilges, M., Folkers, P. J. M., Konings, R. N. H. and Hilbers, C. W. (1994). A Model of the Complex between Single-stranded DNA and the single-stranded DNA binding protein encoded by gene V of filamentous bacteriophage M13. Journal of Molecular Biology, 240(4): 341-357.
• Foottit, R. G., Maw, H. E. L., Von Dohlen, C. D. and Hebert, P. D. N. (2008). Species identification of aphids (Insecta: Hemiptera: Aphididae) through DNA barcodes. Molecular Ecology Resources, 8: 1189–1201.
• Hendrich, L., Moriniere, J., Haszprunar, G., Hebert, P. D., Hausmann, A., Kohler, F. and Balke, M. (2015). A comprehensive DNA barcode database for Central European beetles with a focus on Germany: adding more than 3500 identified species to BOLD. Molecular Ecology Resources, 15(4): 795-818.
• Hurpin, B. (1962). Super-Famille des Scarabaeoidea. EntomologieApplique´e a l’Agriculture, Tome 1, Cole´opte`res (ed. by A. S. Balachowsky), Vol. 1, pp. 24–204. Masson et Cie Editeurs, Paris, France.
• Jalalizand, A. R., H., Mirhendib, A., Karimi, Modaresi, M. and Mahmoodi, E. (2012). Morphological and molecular identification aphids of rosae. APCBEE Procedia, 4: 12–15.
• Jameson, M. L., Micó, E. and Galante, E. (2007). Evolution and phylogeny of the scarab subtribe Anisopliina (Coleoptera: Scarabaeidae: Rutelinae: Anomalini). Systematic Entomology, 32(3): 429-449.
• Küçükkaykı, E. C., Şenyüz, Y., Şirin, Ü., Çalışkan, H. and Destire, C. (2013). New contributions to Scarabaedidae (Insecta: Coleoptera) Fauna of the Eskişehir province. Anadolu University Journal of Science and Technology, LifeSciences and Biotechnology, 3(1): 23-29.
• Lodos, N., Önder, F., Pehlivan, E. and Atalay, R. (1978). Studies on the Detection of Pest Insect Fauna of the Aegean and Marmara Regions. General Directorate of Agricultural Control and Agricultural Quarantine, 301 s., Ankara, Türkiye (In Turkish).
• Löbl, I. and Smetana, A. (2006). Catalogue of Palaearctic Coleoptera: Scarabaeoidea, Scirtoidea, Dascilloidea, Buprestoidea and Byrrhoidea. Apollo Books. Vol. 3: Stenstrup.
• Machatschke, J. W. (1961). Revision des Genus Anisoplia serville (1825) (Coleoptera: Lamellicornia, Melolonthidae, Rutelinae). Beiträge zur Entomologie, 11: 613-655.
• Machatschke, J. W. (1972). Scarabaeoidea: Melolonthidae, Ruteli-nae. Coleopterorum Catalogus. Supplementa, 66(1): 1–361.
• Mgocheki, N., Conlong, D. E., Ganeshan, S. and Addison, P. (2012). Using Morphological and Molecular Techniques for the Identification of White Grub Species (Coleoptera: Scarabaeidae). Proceedings of the Annual Congress-South African Sugar Technologists' Association, 85: 108-113 ref.11
• Mico´, E., Verdu´, J. R. and Galante, E. (2001). Larval morphologyof some Anisopliini grain beetles with a key to their larvae (Coleoptera: Scarabaeoidea: Rutelidae: Anomalinae). European Journal of Entomology, 98: 311–320.
• Murthy, K. S. (2020). Molecular identification of phytophagous scarabaeid from different regions of India. International Journal of Environment, Agriculture and Biotechnology, 5(4): 966-974.
• Özgökçe, M. S., Göksugüzel, G., Kara, H., Rişvanlı, M. R. and Doğaç, M. (2024). Distribution and DNA barcoding of anomalini beetles (Coleoptera: Scarabaeidae: Rutelinae) in wheat fields of Van, Türkiye. Yuzuncu Yil University Journal of Agricultural Sciences, 34(2): 271-285.
• Philips, T. K., Pretorius, E. and Scholtz, C. H. (2004). A phylogenetic analysis of dung beetles (Scarabaeinae: Scarabaeidae): unrolling an evolutionary history. Invertebrate Systematics, 18: 53-88.
• Potts, R. L. (1974). Revision of the Scarabaeidae: Anomalinae. 1.The genera occurring in the United States and Canada. Pan-Pacific Entomologist, 50: 148–154.
• Polat, A., Yildirim, E. and Uliana, M. (2018). A contribution to the knowledge of the Dynastinae, Rutelinae and Melolonthinae fauna of Turkey (Coleoptera: Scarabaeidae). Entomofauna, 39(2): 567-614.
• Qiu, H., Lv. L., Bing-cai, P., Qing-jian, Z., Wei-ming, Z. and Quan-xing, Z. (2009). Critical review in adsorption kinetic models. Journal of Zhejiang University-SCIENCE A, 10: 716–724.
• Rozner I. and Rozner, G. (2009). Additional Data to the Lamellicornia Fauna of Türkiye. Natura Somogyiensis, 15: 69-100.
• Rulik, B., Eberle, J., Mark, L., Thormann, J., Jung, M., Köhler, F., Apfel, W., Weigel, A., Kopetz, A., Köhler, J., Fritzlar, F., Hartmann, M., Hadulla, K., Schmidt, J., Hörren, T., Krebs, D., Theves, F., Eulitz, U., Skale, A., Rohwedder, D., Kleeberg, A., Astrin, J. J., Geiger, M. F., Wägele, J. W., Grobe, P. and Ahrens, D. (2017). Using taxonomic consistency with semi-automated datapre-processing for high quality DNA barcodes. Methods in Ecology and Evolution, 8: 1878-1887.
• Sert, O. and Özdemir, S. (2019). A study on the insect fauna in some provinces of central, eastern and southeastern Anatolian regions of Turkey. Hacettepe Journal of Biology and Chemistry, 47(1): 33-49.
• Sharif, G. S., Faraj, A. M. and Kadir Mawlood, N. A. (2023). Morphological and Molecular Identification of Adoretus hirsutus (Ohaus, 1914) (Coleoptera: Scarabaeidae: Rutelinae) from Erbil Governorate Kurdistan Region Iraq. Kirkuk University Journal for Agricultural Sciences, 14(3): 296-305.
• Syromyatnikov, M. Y., Popov, V. N., Golub, V. B., Kokina A. V. and Soboleva V. A. (2017). DNA barcoding of pests in European part of Russia. Zookeys, 706: 51–71.
• Tayat, E. and Özder, N. (2023). Research on the morphological and molecular diagnosis of Hyalopterus pruni (Geoffroy). Journal of Tekirdag Agricultural Faculty, 20(3): 723-730.
• Zahoor, M. K., Suhai, A. Zahoor, S., Iqbal, A. and Awan, F. S. (2013). Molecular characterization of scarab beetles (Scarabaeidae: Coleoptera) using RAPD markers. Pakistan Journal of Life and Social Sciences, 11(3): 238-243.