Araştırma Makalesi
BibTex RIS Kaynak Göster

Determination of Important Weed Species, Densities and Frequencies in Hazelnut (Corylus avellana L.) Orchards in Düzce Province

Yıl 2024, Cilt: 21 Sayı: 5, 1252 - 1266
https://doi.org/10.33462/jotaf.1519243

Öz

Hazelnut (Corylus avellana L.) cultivation has strategic value for Türkiye, which is a leader in global hazelnut production. This study aims to determine the important weed species, densities, and frequencies in hazelnut orchards in Düzce province. The presence of weeds is a significant challenge in hazelnut cultivation as they compete with the crop for nutrients, water, and sunlight, while also serving as hosts for pests and pathogens. Effective weed management is critical to maintaining yield and quality. Field research was conducted in 50 hazelnut orchards in 8 districts of Düzce and weed densities and frequencies were calculated using the Odum & Barrett method. In the survey studies conducted in Düzce hazelnut orchards, it was determined that 103 weed taxa belonging to 31 families and the ones with the species with the densest populations included Potentilla reptans (creeping cinquefoil) (35.46 plants m-2), Poa pratensis (meadow grass) (12.15 plants m-2), and Bromus hordeaceus subsp. hordeaceus (soft brome) (11.97 plants m-2). The most frequent species were calculated to be Potentilla reptans (creeping cinquefoil) (81.80%), Oenanthe silaifolia (narrow-leaved water-dropwort) (78.34%) and Lapsana communis (nipplewort) (60.72%). Among the families identified, the Poaceae family has the highest number of species (19), followed by Fabaceae (14) and Asteraceae (13). Studies have detected those motorized scythes and herbicides, whose increased use may cause environmental effects and increase pest problems, are widely used in weed control. Identifying weed species and understanding their density and frequency will contribute to the adoption of more precise and environmentally friendly control methods and thus to increasing productivity and sustainability in hazelnut cultivation. Based on these findings, by applying targeted weed control measures, yield losses can be significantly reduced, beneficial organisms can be protected and the overall productivity and economic sustainability of hazelnut agriculture in Düzce Province can be contributed.

Etik Beyan

There is no need to obtain permission from the ethics committee for this study.

Destekleyen Kurum

-

Teşekkür

We would like to thank Düzce Provincial Directorate of Agriculture and Forestry for their support in the field work.

Kaynakça

  • Ahkemoğlu, E. and Uygur, S. (2018). Weed species in citrus orchards in different ecological conditions and comparison of mealybug species on weed species. Turkish Journal of Weed Science, 21(1): 19-32.
  • Aksoy, N., Özkan, N. G., Koçer, N. and Aslan, S. (2016). Botanical History Researches of Düzce Province. In: Proceedings of 2nd International Düzce History, Culture and Art Symposium, 11–12 December 2015, Düzce, Turkiye.
  • Anonymous (2011). Düzce Province Environmental Status Report. Republic of Turkey Düzce Governorship Provincial Directorate of Environment and Urbanization. https://webdosya.csb.gov.tr/db/ced/editordosya/Duzce_icdr2011.pdf (Accessed Date: 24.04.2022)
  • Anonymous (2019a). 2018 Hazelnut Sector Report. General Directorate of Soil Products Office. http://www.tmo.gov.tr/Upload/Document/findiksektorraporu2018.pdf (Accessed Date: 24.04.2022)
  • Anonymous (2019b). Düzce Province 2018 Environmental Status Report. Republic of Turkey Düzce Governorship Provincial Directorate of Environment and Urbanization. https://webdosya.csb.gov.tr/db/ced/icerikler/duzce_2018_-cdr_rev-ze-20190806102512.pdf (Accessed Date: 24.04.2022)
  • Anonymous (2022a). Geographical Structure of Düzce. Düzce Organized Industrial Zone. https://www.duzceosb.org.tr/detay/cografi-yapisi (Accessed Date: 10.04.2022)
  • Anonymous (2022b). DUOF virtual herbarium. Duzce University Faculty of Forestry.https://duzce.edu.tr/akademik/fakulte/of/herbaryum/e3b2/duof-sanal-herbaryum (Accessed Date: 24.04.2022)
  • Anonymous (2022c). Climate and Vegetation. Düzce Provincial Directorate of Culture and Tourism. https://duzce.ktb.gov.tr/TR-211369/iklimi-ve-bitki-ortusu.html (Accessed Date: 10.04.2022)
  • Anonymous (2022d). Official Statistics. General Directorate of Meteorology. https://www.mgm.gov.tr/veridegerlendirme/il-ve-ilceler-istatistik.aspx?k=A&m=DUZCE (Accessed Date: 25.04.2022)
  • Anonymous (2024). Plant Production Statistics Data Portal. Turkish Statistical Institute.https://data.tuik.gov.tr/Bulten/Index?p=Bitkisel-Uretim-Istatistikleri-2022-45504 (Accessed Date: 13.07.2024)
  • Aslan, M., Türkmen, N. and Güzel, A. (2001). Determination of weed species in pistachio (Pistacia vera L.) orchards in the southeastern Anatolia Region of Turkey. Turkish Journal of Weed Science, 4(1): 1–10.
  • Bora, T. and Karaca, İ. (1970). Measurement of Disease and Damage in Cultivated Plants. Ege University Supplementary Course Book, Publication, 167, İzmir, Türkiye.
  • Davis, P. H. (1965). Flora of Turkey. Edinburgh University Press, England.
  • Eker, S. and Kolören, O. (2023). Allelopathic effect of cover plants that can potentially be used in hazelnut orchards in Ordu Province. Turkish Journal of Weed Science, 26(2): 123-129.
  • Kara, A.and Ata, E. (2021). Determination of weed species, density and frequency of occurence in the vineyards of Tekirdağ Province. Journal of Tekirdag Agricultural Faculty, 18(2): 333-343.
  • Köse, Ç., Sezer, A., Kibar, A. K. and Doğan, I. (2014). Determining effects of different weed control methods on the Hazelnut green shield bug [(Palomena prasina L.) (Hemiptera: Pentatomidae)] population and damage rate. Plant Protection Bulletin, 54(1): 79–92.
  • Mennan, H., Kutbay, H. G. and Işık, D. (1999). Determination of weed species causing problems in hazelnut gardens in the Black Sea Region. Turkish Journal of Weed Science, 2(2): 13–21.
  • Mennan, H., Ngouajio, M., Isık, D. and Kaya, E. (2006). Effects of alternative management systems on weed populations in hazelnut (Corylus avellana L.). Crop Protection, 25(8): 835–841.
  • Odum, E. P. and Barrett, G. W. (1971). Fundamentals of Ecology (Vol. 3). Saunders Philadelphia, USA.
  • Öğüt Yavuz, D. and Boz, Ö. (2007). Determination of the prevalence and density of weeds in sapling production areas of Aydin province. Turkish Journal of Weed Science, 10(2): 9–17.
  • Saygılı, R. (2020). Duzce Province Map. http://cografyaharita.com/haritalarim/4l_duzce_ili_haritasi.png (Accessed Date: 01.07.2024)
  • Sokat, Y. and Çatıkkaş, U. (2019). Weed species in almond areas in Akhisar-Kula (Manisa) and Datça (Muğla). Turkish Journal of Weed Science, 22(1): 121–126.
  • Uygur, F. N. (1991). Herbology Research Methods. Çukurova University Faculty of Agriculture, Department of Plant Protection, Auxiliary Lecture Notes, Adana, Türkiye.
  • Uygur, F. N., Koch, W. and Walter, H. (1984). Introduction to Weed Science. PLITS, Stuttgart: Verlag Josef Margraf, Germany.
  • Yazlık, A., Çöpoğlu, E., Özçelik, A., Tembelo, B., Yiğit, M., Albayrak, B., Baykuş, M. A. and Aydınlı, V. (2019). Weed species and their impacts: Fruit nursery area sample in Düzce. Journal of Tekirdag Agricultural Faculty, 16(3): 389–401.
  • Yenisu, E. (2017). Turkish hazelnut sector's competitive power: Balassa indexing approach. Giresun University Journal of Economics and Administrative Sciences, 3(5): 22–37.
  • Yonat, H. and Kolören, O. (2023). Determination of knowledge levels of hazelnut producers about weeds and their control. Turkish Journal of Weed Science, 26(2): 130-143.

Düzce İli Fındık (Corylus avellana L.) Bahçelerinde Görülen Önemli Yabancı Ot Türleri, Yoğunlukları ve Rastlanma Sıklıklarının Belirlenmesi

Yıl 2024, Cilt: 21 Sayı: 5, 1252 - 1266
https://doi.org/10.33462/jotaf.1519243

Öz

Fındık (Corylus avellana L.) yetiştiriciliği, küresel üretimde lider konumda olan Türkiye için stratejik değer taşımaktadır. Bu çalışmanın amacı Düzce ili fındık bahçelerinde bulunan önemli yabancı ot türlerini, yoğunluklarını ve sıklıklarını belirlemektir. Yabancı otların varlığı; besin maddesi, su ve güneş ışığı için ürünle rekabet ederken, aynı zamanda zararlılar ve patojenler için de konukçu görevi gördükleri için fındık yetiştiriciliğinde önemli bir zorluktur. Etkili yabancı ot yönetimi, verim ve kaliteyi korumak için kritik öneme sahiptir. Düzce'de 8 ilçede 50 fındık bahçesinde Odum & Barrett yöntemine göre sürvey çalışması yapılarak yabancı ot yoğunlukları ve sıklıkları hesaplanmıştır. Düzce fındık bahçelerinde yapılan çalışmalarda 31 familyaya ait 103 yabancı ot türü ve en yoğun popülasyona sahip olanlarının Potentilla reptans (reşatınotu) (35,46 bitki m-2), Poa pratensis (çayır salkımotu) (12,15 bitki m-2) ve Bromus hordeaceus subsp. hordeaceus (başakotu) (11,97 bitki m-2) olduğu belirlenmiştir. En sık görülen türler arasında Potentilla reptans (reşatınotu) (%81,80), Oenanthe silaifolia (attohumu) (%78,34) ve Lapsana communis (şebrek) (%60,72) yer almaktadır. Tespit edilen familyalar arasında Poaceae familyası en fazla tür sayısına (19) sahip olup onu Fabaceae (14) ve Asteraceae (13) takip etmektedir. Teşhis edilen türler arasında en çok temsil edilen familyalar Poaceae, Fabaceae ve Asteraceae olmuştur. Yapılan çalışmalarda yabancı ot kontrolünde motorlu tırpanların, çevresel etkilere ve haşere sorunlarının artışına sebep olabilecek herbisitlerin yaygın olarak kullanıldığı belirlenmiştir. Yabancı ot türlerinin, yoğunluklarının ve rastlanma sıklıklarının belirlenmesi; daha kesin ve çevre dostu kontrol yöntemleri benimsenmesine ve böylece fındık yetiştiriciliğinde üretkenlik ve sürdürülebilirliğin arttırılmasına katkıda bulunacaktır. Bu bulgulara dayanarak hedefe yönelik yabancı ot kontrol önlemlerinin uygulanması ile verim kayıplarını önemli ölçüde azaltılabilir, faydalı organizmalar korunabilir ve Düzce ilindeki fındık tarımının genel verimliliğine ve ekonomik sürdürülebilirliğine katkıda bulunulabilir.

Etik Beyan

Bu çalışma için etik kuruldan izin alınmasına gerek yoktur.

Destekleyen Kurum

-

Teşekkür

Düzce Tarım Orman İl Müdürlüğüne arazi çalışmalarındaki destekleri için teşekkür ederiz.

Kaynakça

  • Ahkemoğlu, E. and Uygur, S. (2018). Weed species in citrus orchards in different ecological conditions and comparison of mealybug species on weed species. Turkish Journal of Weed Science, 21(1): 19-32.
  • Aksoy, N., Özkan, N. G., Koçer, N. and Aslan, S. (2016). Botanical History Researches of Düzce Province. In: Proceedings of 2nd International Düzce History, Culture and Art Symposium, 11–12 December 2015, Düzce, Turkiye.
  • Anonymous (2011). Düzce Province Environmental Status Report. Republic of Turkey Düzce Governorship Provincial Directorate of Environment and Urbanization. https://webdosya.csb.gov.tr/db/ced/editordosya/Duzce_icdr2011.pdf (Accessed Date: 24.04.2022)
  • Anonymous (2019a). 2018 Hazelnut Sector Report. General Directorate of Soil Products Office. http://www.tmo.gov.tr/Upload/Document/findiksektorraporu2018.pdf (Accessed Date: 24.04.2022)
  • Anonymous (2019b). Düzce Province 2018 Environmental Status Report. Republic of Turkey Düzce Governorship Provincial Directorate of Environment and Urbanization. https://webdosya.csb.gov.tr/db/ced/icerikler/duzce_2018_-cdr_rev-ze-20190806102512.pdf (Accessed Date: 24.04.2022)
  • Anonymous (2022a). Geographical Structure of Düzce. Düzce Organized Industrial Zone. https://www.duzceosb.org.tr/detay/cografi-yapisi (Accessed Date: 10.04.2022)
  • Anonymous (2022b). DUOF virtual herbarium. Duzce University Faculty of Forestry.https://duzce.edu.tr/akademik/fakulte/of/herbaryum/e3b2/duof-sanal-herbaryum (Accessed Date: 24.04.2022)
  • Anonymous (2022c). Climate and Vegetation. Düzce Provincial Directorate of Culture and Tourism. https://duzce.ktb.gov.tr/TR-211369/iklimi-ve-bitki-ortusu.html (Accessed Date: 10.04.2022)
  • Anonymous (2022d). Official Statistics. General Directorate of Meteorology. https://www.mgm.gov.tr/veridegerlendirme/il-ve-ilceler-istatistik.aspx?k=A&m=DUZCE (Accessed Date: 25.04.2022)
  • Anonymous (2024). Plant Production Statistics Data Portal. Turkish Statistical Institute.https://data.tuik.gov.tr/Bulten/Index?p=Bitkisel-Uretim-Istatistikleri-2022-45504 (Accessed Date: 13.07.2024)
  • Aslan, M., Türkmen, N. and Güzel, A. (2001). Determination of weed species in pistachio (Pistacia vera L.) orchards in the southeastern Anatolia Region of Turkey. Turkish Journal of Weed Science, 4(1): 1–10.
  • Bora, T. and Karaca, İ. (1970). Measurement of Disease and Damage in Cultivated Plants. Ege University Supplementary Course Book, Publication, 167, İzmir, Türkiye.
  • Davis, P. H. (1965). Flora of Turkey. Edinburgh University Press, England.
  • Eker, S. and Kolören, O. (2023). Allelopathic effect of cover plants that can potentially be used in hazelnut orchards in Ordu Province. Turkish Journal of Weed Science, 26(2): 123-129.
  • Kara, A.and Ata, E. (2021). Determination of weed species, density and frequency of occurence in the vineyards of Tekirdağ Province. Journal of Tekirdag Agricultural Faculty, 18(2): 333-343.
  • Köse, Ç., Sezer, A., Kibar, A. K. and Doğan, I. (2014). Determining effects of different weed control methods on the Hazelnut green shield bug [(Palomena prasina L.) (Hemiptera: Pentatomidae)] population and damage rate. Plant Protection Bulletin, 54(1): 79–92.
  • Mennan, H., Kutbay, H. G. and Işık, D. (1999). Determination of weed species causing problems in hazelnut gardens in the Black Sea Region. Turkish Journal of Weed Science, 2(2): 13–21.
  • Mennan, H., Ngouajio, M., Isık, D. and Kaya, E. (2006). Effects of alternative management systems on weed populations in hazelnut (Corylus avellana L.). Crop Protection, 25(8): 835–841.
  • Odum, E. P. and Barrett, G. W. (1971). Fundamentals of Ecology (Vol. 3). Saunders Philadelphia, USA.
  • Öğüt Yavuz, D. and Boz, Ö. (2007). Determination of the prevalence and density of weeds in sapling production areas of Aydin province. Turkish Journal of Weed Science, 10(2): 9–17.
  • Saygılı, R. (2020). Duzce Province Map. http://cografyaharita.com/haritalarim/4l_duzce_ili_haritasi.png (Accessed Date: 01.07.2024)
  • Sokat, Y. and Çatıkkaş, U. (2019). Weed species in almond areas in Akhisar-Kula (Manisa) and Datça (Muğla). Turkish Journal of Weed Science, 22(1): 121–126.
  • Uygur, F. N. (1991). Herbology Research Methods. Çukurova University Faculty of Agriculture, Department of Plant Protection, Auxiliary Lecture Notes, Adana, Türkiye.
  • Uygur, F. N., Koch, W. and Walter, H. (1984). Introduction to Weed Science. PLITS, Stuttgart: Verlag Josef Margraf, Germany.
  • Yazlık, A., Çöpoğlu, E., Özçelik, A., Tembelo, B., Yiğit, M., Albayrak, B., Baykuş, M. A. and Aydınlı, V. (2019). Weed species and their impacts: Fruit nursery area sample in Düzce. Journal of Tekirdag Agricultural Faculty, 16(3): 389–401.
  • Yenisu, E. (2017). Turkish hazelnut sector's competitive power: Balassa indexing approach. Giresun University Journal of Economics and Administrative Sciences, 3(5): 22–37.
  • Yonat, H. and Kolören, O. (2023). Determination of knowledge levels of hazelnut producers about weeds and their control. Turkish Journal of Weed Science, 26(2): 130-143.
Toplam 27 adet kaynakça vardır.

Ayrıntılar

Birincil Dil İngilizce
Konular Herboloji
Bölüm Makaleler
Yazarlar

Adnan Kara 0000-0003-2693-2511

Hakan Ermeç 0000-0002-6445-1420

Sezer Dıblan 0009-0002-8949-2592

Erken Görünüm Tarihi 13 Aralık 2024
Yayımlanma Tarihi
Gönderilme Tarihi 19 Temmuz 2024
Kabul Tarihi 5 Kasım 2024
Yayımlandığı Sayı Yıl 2024 Cilt: 21 Sayı: 5

Kaynak Göster

APA Kara, A., Ermeç, H., & Dıblan, S. (2024). Determination of Important Weed Species, Densities and Frequencies in Hazelnut (Corylus avellana L.) Orchards in Düzce Province. Tekirdağ Ziraat Fakültesi Dergisi, 21(5), 1252-1266. https://doi.org/10.33462/jotaf.1519243
AMA Kara A, Ermeç H, Dıblan S. Determination of Important Weed Species, Densities and Frequencies in Hazelnut (Corylus avellana L.) Orchards in Düzce Province. JOTAF. Aralık 2024;21(5):1252-1266. doi:10.33462/jotaf.1519243
Chicago Kara, Adnan, Hakan Ermeç, ve Sezer Dıblan. “Determination of Important Weed Species, Densities and Frequencies in Hazelnut (Corylus Avellana L.) Orchards in Düzce Province”. Tekirdağ Ziraat Fakültesi Dergisi 21, sy. 5 (Aralık 2024): 1252-66. https://doi.org/10.33462/jotaf.1519243.
EndNote Kara A, Ermeç H, Dıblan S (01 Aralık 2024) Determination of Important Weed Species, Densities and Frequencies in Hazelnut (Corylus avellana L.) Orchards in Düzce Province. Tekirdağ Ziraat Fakültesi Dergisi 21 5 1252–1266.
IEEE A. Kara, H. Ermeç, ve S. Dıblan, “Determination of Important Weed Species, Densities and Frequencies in Hazelnut (Corylus avellana L.) Orchards in Düzce Province”, JOTAF, c. 21, sy. 5, ss. 1252–1266, 2024, doi: 10.33462/jotaf.1519243.
ISNAD Kara, Adnan vd. “Determination of Important Weed Species, Densities and Frequencies in Hazelnut (Corylus Avellana L.) Orchards in Düzce Province”. Tekirdağ Ziraat Fakültesi Dergisi 21/5 (Aralık 2024), 1252-1266. https://doi.org/10.33462/jotaf.1519243.
JAMA Kara A, Ermeç H, Dıblan S. Determination of Important Weed Species, Densities and Frequencies in Hazelnut (Corylus avellana L.) Orchards in Düzce Province. JOTAF. 2024;21:1252–1266.
MLA Kara, Adnan vd. “Determination of Important Weed Species, Densities and Frequencies in Hazelnut (Corylus Avellana L.) Orchards in Düzce Province”. Tekirdağ Ziraat Fakültesi Dergisi, c. 21, sy. 5, 2024, ss. 1252-66, doi:10.33462/jotaf.1519243.
Vancouver Kara A, Ermeç H, Dıblan S. Determination of Important Weed Species, Densities and Frequencies in Hazelnut (Corylus avellana L.) Orchards in Düzce Province. JOTAF. 2024;21(5):1252-66.