Türkiye ve Nijerya Biber Genotiplerinin Moleküler Markörler Kullanılarak Domates Lekeli Solgunluk Virüsüne Dayanıklılıklarının Belirlenmesi

Yıl 2025, Cilt: 22 Sayı: 2, 461 - 471, 26.05.2025

Abdifatah Adan Hassan , Hülya İlbi

https://doi.org/10.33462/jotaf.1557943

Öz

Biber (Capsicum spp.), Solanaceae familyasının önemli bir türü olup, dünya genelinde hem sebze hem de baharat olarak yaygın bir şekilde yetiştirilmektedir. Biber, diğer tarımsal bitki türleri gibi çeşitli biyotik ve abiyotik stres faktörlerine karşı hassastır. Bu stres faktörlerine karşı hassasiyeti azaltmak için, etkili savunma mekanizmalarına ve dayanıklılık genlerine sahip olmaları gerekmektedir. Capsicum chinense'de bulunan Tsw geni, Domates Lekeli Solgunluk Virüsü'ne (TSWV) karşı dayanıklılık sağlamaktadır. Bu gen birçok genotipte dominant allel (Tsw) olarak bulunarak dayanıklılığı kontrol etmektedir. SCAC568 CAPs markörü, TSWV dayanımı ile bağlantılı olup, dayanıklı ve hassas biber genotiplerinin (RR, Rr, rr) kodominant ayrımını sağlamaktadır. Tsw geni ile yakın ilişkili olan bu markör, biber ıslah programlarında biber genetik materyallerinin taranması ve markör destekli seleksiyon için değerli bir araçtır. Bu nedenle bu çalışmada, Türkiye ve Nijerya'dan 60 yerel biber genotipi TSWV'ye karşı dayanıklılık durumlarını belirlemek için SCAC568 CAPs markörü ile değerlendirmiştir. Biber genotiplerinin genomik DNA'sı, SCAC568 markör PCR protokolü ile çoğaltılmış ve ardından Taq1 enzimi ile kesilmiştir. Kesilen PCR ürünleri, %2 agaroz jel elektroforezi ile ayrılmış ve UV ışığı altında görüntülenmiştir. Doğrulama amacıyla, Capsicum chinense PI152225 (homozigot dayanıklı) ve iki Capsicum annuum genotipi (homozigot duyarlı ve heterozigot dayanıklı) dahil olmak üzere üç kontrol genotipi kullanılmıştır. Markör taramasında 60 biber genotipi değerlendirilmiş ve bu örneklerden 13'ünün homozigot dayanıklı (RR), 24'ünün heterozigot dayanıklı (Rr), 23'ünün ise homozigot hassas (rr) olduğu ortaya çıkmıştır. Test edilen genotiplerden, Nijerya biber genotipleri TSWV’ye karşı daha fazla dayanıklılık göstermiştir. Bu sonuçlar, biber ıslahı programlarında Domates Lekeli Solgunluk Virüsüne karşı dayanıklı veya hassas genotipleri belirlemek için SCAC568 CAPs markörünün kullanılabileceğini desteklemektedir. Ayrıca, çalışmada belirlenen dayanıklı yerel biber genotiplerinin TSWV’ye dayanıklılık ıslahı programlarında kullanılabileceği de gösterilmiştir.

Anahtar Kelimeler

Capsicum spp., TSWV, Dayanım Geni, SCAC568., CAPs Markörü

Etik Beyan

Bu çalışma için etik kuruldan izin alınmasına gerek yoktur.

Determination of Resistance to Tomato Spotted Wild Virus in Pepper Genotypes from Turkey and Nigeria Using Molecular Markers

Öz

as both a vegetable and a spice. Pepper like other agricultural crops, are vulnerable to various biotic and abiotic stress factors. To mitigate these threats, they must possess effective defense mechanisms and resistance genes. The Tsw gene, found in Capsicum chinense, confers resistance to Tomato Spotted Wilt Virus (TSWV) and is expressed as a dominant allele (Tsw) in many genotypes. The SCAC568 CAPs marker, linked to TSWV resistance, allows for the co-dominant differentiation of resistant and susceptible pepper genotypes (RR, Rr, rr). Due to its close association with the Tsw gene, this marker is a valuable tool for marker-assisted selection and for screening pepper germplasm collection in pepper breeding programs. Therefore, in this study the resistance of 60 pepper local genotypes from Turkey and Nigeria to TSWV were evaluated by the SCAC568 CAPs marker linked to Tsw. The genomic DNA of the samples was amplified with the SCAC568 marker PCR protocol and then subjected to digestion with the Taq1 enzyme. The digested products were resolved by electrophoresis on a 2% agarose gel and visualized under UV light. For validation purposes, three control genotypes, including Capsicum chinense PI152225 (homozygous resistant) and two Capsicum annuum genotypes (homozygous susceptible and heterozygous resistant) were included. In the marker screening, 60 pepper genotypes were evaluated, revealing that 13 of these samples were homozygous resistant (RR), 24 were heterozygous (Rr), and 23 were homozygous susceptible (rr). Amongst the tested genotypes, Nigerian pepper genotypes showed more resistance to TSWV. These results validate the utility of the SCAC568 CAPs marker in pepper breeding programme for identifying genotypes with resistance or susceptibility to Tomato Spotted Wilt Virus. In addition, it is shown that, the resistant local pepper genotypes in this study can be used in the TSWV resistance breeding programme.

Anahtar Kelimeler

Capsicum spp., TSWV, CAPS Marker, Resistance Gene, SCAC568

Etik Beyan

There is no need to obtain permission from the ethics committee for this study.

Kaynakça

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