Mürdümük (Lathyrus sativus L.) Genotiplerinin Kaba Yem Verimi, Besin İçeriği ve Fitoterapik Özellikler Bakımından Karşılaştırılması

Yıl 2025, Cilt: 22 Sayı: 4, 1004 - 1019, 03.10.2025

Mertcan Sezer , Erdem Gülümser

https://doi.org/10.33462/jotaf.1606039

Öz

Baklagiller familyasında yer alan mürdümük (Lathyrus sativus L.) kısa vejetasyon süresine sahip olup, kuraklığa karşı oldukça dayanıklıdır. Mürdümük ayrıca, hayvan besleme ve sağlığı ile hayvansal ürünlerin verim ve kalitesi için önemli bir yem bitkisidir. Bu çalışmada; 9 populasyon (1603, 2006, 2401, 4301, 4403, 5001, 6408, 6410 ve S3) ve 3 tescilli (GAP Mavisi, İptaş, Karadağ) çeşit olmak üzere toplam 12 mürdümük genotipinin kuru ot veriminin ve kalitesinin belirlenmesi amaçlanmıştır. Deneme, Bilecik ekolojik koşullarında 2022 ve 2023 vejetasyon dönemlerinde 3 tekrarlamalı olarak ve tesadüf blokları deneme desenine göre yürütülmüştür. Çalışmada; kuru ot verimi, ham protein oranı, bitki boyu, asit deterjanda çözünmeyen lif, nötr deterjan çözünmeyen lif, ham kül, besin maddeleri (K, P, Ca ve Mg), kondanse tanen, toplam flavonoid, toplam fenolik, radikal kovucu aktivite (DPPH), toplam alkaloit ve ODAP (N-oksalil-L-alfa, beta-diamino propiyonik asit) içerikleri belirlenmiştir. İki yıllık sonuçlara göre, genotiplerin kuru ot verimi 3.00-4.55 t ha-1 arasında değişmiştir. En yüksek ham protein oranı aynı istatistiksel grupta yer alan 1603 (%19.44), 2006 (%20.00), 2401 (%19.82) ve 6410 (%19.28) popülasyonlarında gözlenmiştir. ODAP içeriği bakımından 2006 (2.20 mg g-1), 2401 (2.00 mg g-1), 5001 (1.32 mg g-1) ve 6408 (1.77 mg g-1) popülasyonları istenilen düzeyde bulunmuştur. Genotiplerin K, P, Ca ve Mg içerikleri sırasıyla %2.75-3.11, %0.44-0.49, %0.91-0.99% ve %0.15-0.21 arasında değişmiştir. Sonuç olarak; kuru ot verimi bakımından GAP Mavisi ön plana çıkmış ancak, genotipler arasında istatistiksel açıdan bir farklılık tespit edilmemiştir. Kalite özellikleri bakımından ise genotipler arasında önemli farklılıklar tespit edilmiş olup, bu durum bölge ekolojisinde öne çıkan genotip/genotiplerin belirlenmesine yardımcı olmuştur. Buna göre; Bilecik ekolojisinde 2401 popülasyonu yem kalitesi açısından diğer genotiplerden daha üstün performans sergilemiştir. Ayrıca, 2006, 5001 ve 6408 populasyonlarının da incelenen özellikler bakımından ümit var oldukları belirlenmiştir.

Anahtar Kelimeler

Mürdümük , Yem bitkisi , Sekonder metabolit , Küresel ısınma , Hayvan sağlığı

Etik Beyan

Bu çalışma için etik kuruldan izin alınmasına gerek yoktur.

Destekleyen Kurum

TUBİTAK

Teşekkür

The data given on the article is taken from Mertcan SEZER’s master thesis. He research was supported by the Scientific and Technological Research Council of Turkey (TUBITAK) with the project number TOVAG 123O140.

Comparison of Grass Pea (Lathyrus sativus L.) Genotypes in Forage Yield, Nutrient Composition and Phytotrapic Traits

Öz

The grass pea (Lathyrus sativus L.), belonging to the legume family, has a short vegetative period and is highly resistant to drought. Also, it is an important forage crop for animal feeding and health, as well as for the yield and quality of animal products. This study aimed to determine the hay yield and quality of a total of 12 grass pea genotypes, including 9 populations (1603, 2006, 2401, 4301, 4403, 5001, 6408, 6410, and S3) and 3 registered varieties (GAP Mavisi, İptaş, Karadağ). The experiment was conducted with three repetitions according to a randomized complete block design in Bilecik during the vegetation periods of 2022 and 2023. Hay yield, crude protein ratio, plant height, acid detergent fiber, neutral detergent fiber, crude ash, mineral contents (K, P, Ca, and Mg), condensed tannin, total flavonoid content, total phenolic content, free radical scavenging activity (DPPH), total alkaloid, and ODAP content (N-oxalyl-L-alpha, beta-diamino propionic acid) were determined in this study. According to two-year results, hay yield ranged between 3.00-4.55 t ha-1. The highest crude protein rate was observed in populations 1603 (19.44%), 2006 (20.00%), 2401 (19.82%), and 6410 (19.28%), which were part of the same statistical group. The populations of 2006 (2.20 mg g-1), 2401 (2.00 mg g-1), 5001 (1.32 mg g-1), and 6408 (1.77 mg g-1) were at the desired level in terms of ODAP content. The K, P, Ca, and Mg contents of the genotypes varied between 2.75-3.11%, 0.44-0.49%, 0.91-0.99%, and 0.15-0.21%, respectively. As a result; GAP Mavisi come into prominence however, no statistical difference was found among the genotypes in terms of hay yield. Among the genotypes were detected significant differences in terms of quality traits, and this situation helped to determine the genotype/genotypes that stand out in the ecology of the region. Accordingly, the 2401 population showed superior performance in terms of forage quality compared to the other genotypes in the Bilecik ecology. Besides, it was determined that the 2006, 5001, and 6408 populations show promising results in terms of the examined traits.

Anahtar Kelimeler

Grass pea , Forage crop , Secondary metabolite , Global warming , Animal health

Etik Beyan

There is no need to obtain permission from the ethics committee for this study.

Destekleyen Kurum

TUBİTAK

Teşekkür

The data given on the article is taken from Mertcan SEZER’s master thesis. He research was supported by the Scientific and Technological Research Council of Turkey (TUBITAK) with the project number TOVAG 123O140.

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