Calculating the Heating Load of an Aircraft in Accordance with Thermal Comfort

Yıl 2025, Cilt: 2 Sayı: Aviation Technologies and Applications Conference (ATAConf'25) Special Issue, 21 - 40, 31.12.2025

Nur Tuğçe Gözüküçük

Öz

This study investigates the total heating load of an Airbus A380 wide-body aircraft at four different flight altitudes—9000 m, 10,000 m, 11,000 m, and 12,000 m—under cruising conditions at Mach number 0.85. The purpose is to support the design of thermally ergonomic aircraft environments by calculating the heating load associated with varying flight altitudes. Heat transfers due to conduction, convection, and radiation from the cabin to the external atmosphere, along with internal heat gains from passengers, solar radiation, and electronic–electrical equipment, are comprehensively analyzed. The study reveals that heat loss by conduction increases with altitude, while radiation and convection losses decrease. The results show that conduction heat loss ranges from 6.85 to 10.14 kW, radiation heat loss from 6.64 to 8.26 kW, and convection heat loss from 238.64 to 370.69 kW. The constant heat gains from passengers, solar radiation, and onboard systems are 53.5 kW, 8.01 kW, and 21 kW, respectively. Consequently, the total heating load decreases with increasing altitude, ranging from 172.82 to 303.3 kW. These findings are significant for optimizing the Environmental Control System (ECS) in terms of both energy efficiency and passenger thermal comfort, emphasizing the importance of thermally ergonomic design in modern aviation.

Anahtar Kelimeler

Aircraft heating load , thermal comfort , altitude , Environmental Control System , Airbus A380

Isıl Konfora Göre Bir Uçağın Isıtma Yükünün Hesaplanması

Öz

Bu çalışma, Airbus A380 tipi geniş gövdeli bir uçağın seyir şartlarında (Mach 0.85 hızında) dört farklı uçuş irtifasında (9000 m, 10 000 m, 11 000 m ve 12 000 m) toplam ısıtma yükünü incelemektedir. Çalışmanın amacı, değişen uçuş irtifalarına bağlı olarak oluşan ısıtma yükünü hesaplayarak termal olarak ergonomik uçak iç ortamlarının tasarımına katkı sağlamaktır. Uçak kabininden dış atmosfere olan iletim, taşınım ve ışınım yoluyla gerçekleşen ısı kayıpları; yolculardan, güneş ışınımından ve elektronik–elektrikli donanımlardan kaynaklanan iç ısı kazançlarıyla birlikte kapsamlı biçimde analiz edilmiştir. Sonuçlar, uçuş irtifası arttıkça iletimle ısı kaybının arttığını, buna karşın ışınım ve taşınım kayıplarının azaldığını göstermektedir. Hesaplamalar, iletim ısı kaybının 6.85–10.14 kW, ışınım ısı kaybının 6.64–8.26 kW ve taşınım ısı kaybının 238.64–370.69 kW arasında değiştiğini; sabit ısı kazançlarının ise yolculardan 53.5 kW, güneş ışınımından 8.01 kW ve sistemlerden 21 kW olduğunu ortaya koymuştur. Buna göre toplam ısıtma yükü, artan irtifa ile azalarak 172.82–303.3 kW aralığında gerçekleşmektedir. Elde edilen bulgular, çevresel kontrol sisteminin (ECS) enerji verimliliği ve yolcu termal konforu açısından optimize edilmesinde önemli veriler sunmakta; modern havacılıkta termal olarak ergonomik tasarımın önemini vurgulamaktadır.

Anahtar Kelimeler

Uçak ısıtma yükü , termal konfor , irtifa , çevresel kontrol sistemi , Airbus A380

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