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Kapsayıcı Liderlik Ölçeğinin (KLÖ) Geçerlik ve Güvenirlik Çalışması

Yıl 2026, Cilt: 6 Sayı: 1 , 172 - 186 , 23.03.2026
https://doi.org/10.71284/jpepfm.20266110
https://izlik.org/JA84JB76PW

Öz

Bu çalışma, örgütsel ortamlarda katılım, açıklık ve eşitliği teşvik eden lider davranışlarını ölçmek için Merlini vd. (2025) tarafından geliştirilen Kapsayıcı Liderlik Ölçeği'nin (KLÖ) Türkçe dil geçerliği ve güvenirliğini incelemek amacıyla gerçekleştirilmiştir. Çalışma, çeşitli sektörlerden çalışanlardan oluşan bir örneklem üzerinde gerçekleştirilmiş ve veriler açıklayıcı ve doğrulayıcı faktör analizleri kullanılarak analiz edilmiştir. Açıklayıcı faktör analizi, kapsayıcı liderlik ölçeğinin teorik çerçevesi ile tutarlı, net bir faktör yapısı ortaya koymuştur. Doğrulayıcı faktör analizi, modelin tatmin edici uyum indeksleri sergilediğini göstermiştir. Güvenilirlik analizi sonucu Cronbach alfa katsayılarının tüm alt boyutlar için önerilen eşikleri aşmasıyla güçlü bir iç tutarlılık olduğunu göstermiştir. Yakınsak ve ayırt edici geçerlilik testleri, ölçeğin yapı geçerliliğini daha da desteklemiştir. Sonuç olarak ölçek, orijinal ölçeğe uygun olarak iki alt boyuttan oluşmuştur; ait olma ve belirsizlik alt boyutları. Bulgular, kapsayıcı liderlik ölçeğinin örgütsel bağlamlarda kapsayıcı liderliği değerlendirmek için geçerli ve güvenilir bir ölçüm aracı olduğunu göstermektedir. Bu sonuçlar bağlamında, iş yerinde çeşitlilik, eşitlik ve kapsayıcılığı teşvik eden liderlik uygulamaları üzerine gelecekteki araştırmaları destekleyen, bilimsel olarak test edilmiş bir ölçüm aracı sağlayarak literatüre katkıda bulunmaktadır.

Etik Beyan

Bu çalışmada tüm etik kurallara uyduğumu beyan ederim.

Kaynakça

  • Ağalday, B. (2022). Examining the effect of principals’ inclusive leadership practices on organizational hypocrisy through the mediating role of trust in principal. Participatory Educational Research, 9(5), 204-221. https://doi.org/10.17275/per.22.111.9.5
  • Akcan, E., & Bozkurt, B. (2023). Kapsayıcı liderlik ölçeği: Türkçeye uyarlanması geçerlik ve güvenirlik çalışması. Anatolian Journal of Educational Leadership and Instruction, 11(1), 67-81.
  • Akman, A. Z. (2023). Toplum 5.0 Yapılanmasında Dijital Dönüşüm ile Örgüt Kültürü Etkileşiminin Yeri: Bir Alan Araştırması [Doktora Tezi]. Necmettin Erbakan Üniversitesi Sosyal Bilimler Enstitüsü, Konya.
  • Bass, B. M., & Riggio, R. E. (2006). Transformational leadership (2nd ed.). Lawrence Erlbaum Associates.
  • Bhuttah, T. M., Xusheng, Q., Abid, M. N., & Sharma, S. (2024). Enhancing student critical thinking and learning outcomes through innovative pedagogical approaches in higher education: The mediating role of inclusive leadership. Scientific Reports, 14(1). https://doi.org/10.1038/s41598-024-75379-0
  • Brislin, R. W., Lonner, W. J., & Thorndike, R. M. (1973). Cross-cultural research methods. John Wiley.
  • Carmeli, A., Reiter-Palmon, R., & Ziv, E. (2010). Inclusive leadership and employee involvement in creative tasks in the workplace: The mediating role of psychological safety. Creativity Research Journal, 22(3), 250-260. https://doi.org/10.1080/10400419.2010.504654
  • Choudhury, P. (2020). Our work-from-anywhere future. Harvard Business Review, 98(6), 58–67.
  • Çelik, Ç., & Polat, S. (2023). Kapsayıcı liderlik ölçeğinin Türkçeye uyarlanması. Journal of Higher Education and Science, 13(2), 303-308. https://doi.org/10.5961/higheredusci.1085320
  • Dwertmann, D. J. G., & Park, H. (2025). Linking basis of leader-member exchange differentiation to diversity climate and idea generation. Journal of Organizational Behavior, 1-21. https://doi.org/10.1002/job.70046
  • Fornell, C., & Larcker, D. F. (1981). Evaluating structural equation models with unobservable variables and measurement error. Journal of marketing research, 18(1), 39-50.
  • Greenleaf, R. K. (2013). Servant leadership: A journey into the nature of legitimate power and greatness. Paulist Press.
  • Hair, J. F., Black, W. C., Babin, B. J., & Anderson, R. E. (2019). Multivariate data analysis (Eight). Cengage Learning EMEA.
  • Hair, J. F., Matthews, L. M., Matthews, R. L., & Sarstedt, M. (2017). PLS-SEM or CB-SEM: Updated guidelines on which method to use “PLS-SEM or CB-SEM: updated guidelines on which method to use”. Içinde Organizational Research Methods, MIS Quarterly, and International Journal (C. 1, Sayı 2).
  • Henseler, J., Ringle, C. M., & Sarstedt, M. (2015). A new criterion for assessing discriminant validity in variance-based structural equation modeling. Journal of the Academy of Marketing Science, 43(1), 115-135.
  • Hincapie, M. X., & Costa, P. (2024). Fostering hybrid team performance through inclusive leadership strategies. Organizational Dynamics, 53(3). 1-6. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.orgdyn.2024.101072
  • Hollander, E. (2012). Inclusive leadership: The essential leader-follower relationship. Routledge.
  • Hoover, A. N., & Rupp, D. E. (2024). Inclusive leadership as a valid assessment center dimension. Industrial and Organizational Psychology, 17(2), 176-191. https://doi.org/DOI: 10.1017/iop.2024.1
  • Hu, L., & Bentler, P. M. (1999). Cutoff criteria for fit indexes in covariance structure analysis: Conventional criteria versus new alternatives. Structural equation modeling: A multidisciplinary journal, 6(1), 1-55.
  • Islam, T., Ahmed, I., & Alkharabsheh, O. H. M. (2024). Fostering a knowledge sharing culture: The role of fun, empowerment, and inclusive leadership. Global Knowledge, Memory and Communication. 1-17. https://doi.org/10.1108/GKMC-12-2023-0471
  • Kline, R. B. (2016). Principles and practice of structural equation modeling (4th ed.). Guilford Press.
  • Liu, Y., Fang, Y., Hu, L., Chen, N., Li, X., & Cai, Y. (2024). Inclusive leadership and employee workplace well-being: The role of vigor and supervisor developmental feedback. BMC Psychology, 12, 1-12. https://doi.org/10.1186/s40359-024-02029-5
  • Merlini, K. P., Moon, N. A., McKenzie-James, A. A., Caylor, J. R., Redmond, A., Nguyen, D., & Richardson, P. (2025). An unmet goal? A scale development and model test of the role of inclusive leadership. Journal of Business and Psychology, 40(2), 333-357. https://doi.org/10.1007/s10869-024-09955-6
  • Nembhard, I. M., & Edmondson, A. C. (2006). Making it safe: The effects of leader inclusiveness and professional status on psychological safety and improvement efforts in health care teams. Journal of Organizational Behavior, 27(7), 941-966. https://doi.org/10.1002/job.413
  • Nishii, L. H., & Mayer, D. M. (2009). Do inclusive leaders help to reduce turnover in diverse groups? The moderating role of leader–member exchange in the diversity to turnover relationship. Journal of Applied Psychology, 94(6), 1412.
  • Noor, S., & Golzar, J. (2022). Simple random sampling. IJELS, 1(2), 1-5.
  • Okçu, V., & Deviren, İ. (2021). Kapsayıcı liderlik ölçeğinin (KLÖ) geliştirilmesi. Elektronik Eğitim Bilimleri Dergisi, 10(20), 321-333.
  • Randel, A. E., Galvin, B. M., Shore, L. M., Ehrhart, K. H., Chung, B. G., Dean, M. A., & Kedharnath, U. (2018). Inclusive leadership: Realizing positive outcomes through belongingness and being valued for uniqueness. Human Resource Management Review, 28(2), 190-203. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.hrmr.2017.07.002
  • Shore, L. M., Randel, A. E., Chung, B. G., Dean, M. A., Holcombe Ehrhart, K., & Singh, G. (2011). Inclusion and diversity in work groups: A review and model for future research. Journal of Management, 37(4), 1262-1289.
  • Sürücü, L., & Maslakçı, A. (2021). Kapsayıcı liderlik ölçeğinin Türkçeye uyarlanması: Geçerlik ve güvenirlik çalışması. Doğuş Üniversitesi Dergisi, 22(2), 201-215.
  • Svendsen, M., & Næss, H. E. (2025). The importance of ildsjeler: A fieldwork study of inclusive leadership and subjective social mobility in sport. Equality, Diversity and Inclusion. 1-14. https://doi.org/10.1108/EDI-04-2024-0185 Tabachnick, B. G., & Fidell, L. S. (2019). Using multivariate statistics (7th ed.). Pearson.
  • Wong, K. K.-K. (2013). Partial least squares structural equation modeling (PLS-SEM) techniques using SmartPLS. Marketing Bulletin, 24(1), 1-32.
  • Yavuz, A. (2024). Farklılıkları güce dönüştüren yaklaşım: Kapsayıcı liderlik kavramına ilişkin bibliyometrik analiz. Tarsus University Faculty of Applied Sciences Journal, 2024(2), 127-138.

Validity and Reliability Study of the Inclusive Leadership Scale (ILS)

Yıl 2026, Cilt: 6 Sayı: 1 , 172 - 186 , 23.03.2026
https://doi.org/10.71284/jpepfm.20266110
https://izlik.org/JA84JB76PW

Öz

The present study was conducted for the purpose of examining the Turkish language validity and reliability of the Inclusive Leadership Scale (ILS), a tool developed by Merlini et al., (2025) for the purpose of measuring leadership behaviours that promote participation, openness, and equality in organizational settings. The study was conducted on a sample of employees from various sectors, and the data was analysed using exploratory and confirmatory factor analyses. An exploratory factor analysis was conducted, revealing a clear factor structure consistent with the theoretical framework of the inclusive leadership scale. The confirmatory factor analysis demonstrated that the model exhibited satisfactory fit indices. The reliability analysis indicated strong internal consistency, with Cronbach's alpha coefficients surpassing the recommended thresholds for all subscales. Convergent and discriminant validity tests further supported the construct validity of the scale. Consequently, the scale is composed of two subscales, consistent with the original scale: belongingness and uncertainty. The findings indicate that inclusive leadership scale is a valid and reliable measurement tool for assessing inclusive leadership in organizational contexts. In this context, the present study contributes to extant literature by providing a scientifically tested measurement tool that supports future research on leadership practices that promote diversity, equity, and inclusion in the workplace.

Etik Beyan

I declare that I have complied with all ethical rules in this study.

Kaynakça

  • Ağalday, B. (2022). Examining the effect of principals’ inclusive leadership practices on organizational hypocrisy through the mediating role of trust in principal. Participatory Educational Research, 9(5), 204-221. https://doi.org/10.17275/per.22.111.9.5
  • Akcan, E., & Bozkurt, B. (2023). Kapsayıcı liderlik ölçeği: Türkçeye uyarlanması geçerlik ve güvenirlik çalışması. Anatolian Journal of Educational Leadership and Instruction, 11(1), 67-81.
  • Akman, A. Z. (2023). Toplum 5.0 Yapılanmasında Dijital Dönüşüm ile Örgüt Kültürü Etkileşiminin Yeri: Bir Alan Araştırması [Doktora Tezi]. Necmettin Erbakan Üniversitesi Sosyal Bilimler Enstitüsü, Konya.
  • Bass, B. M., & Riggio, R. E. (2006). Transformational leadership (2nd ed.). Lawrence Erlbaum Associates.
  • Bhuttah, T. M., Xusheng, Q., Abid, M. N., & Sharma, S. (2024). Enhancing student critical thinking and learning outcomes through innovative pedagogical approaches in higher education: The mediating role of inclusive leadership. Scientific Reports, 14(1). https://doi.org/10.1038/s41598-024-75379-0
  • Brislin, R. W., Lonner, W. J., & Thorndike, R. M. (1973). Cross-cultural research methods. John Wiley.
  • Carmeli, A., Reiter-Palmon, R., & Ziv, E. (2010). Inclusive leadership and employee involvement in creative tasks in the workplace: The mediating role of psychological safety. Creativity Research Journal, 22(3), 250-260. https://doi.org/10.1080/10400419.2010.504654
  • Choudhury, P. (2020). Our work-from-anywhere future. Harvard Business Review, 98(6), 58–67.
  • Çelik, Ç., & Polat, S. (2023). Kapsayıcı liderlik ölçeğinin Türkçeye uyarlanması. Journal of Higher Education and Science, 13(2), 303-308. https://doi.org/10.5961/higheredusci.1085320
  • Dwertmann, D. J. G., & Park, H. (2025). Linking basis of leader-member exchange differentiation to diversity climate and idea generation. Journal of Organizational Behavior, 1-21. https://doi.org/10.1002/job.70046
  • Fornell, C., & Larcker, D. F. (1981). Evaluating structural equation models with unobservable variables and measurement error. Journal of marketing research, 18(1), 39-50.
  • Greenleaf, R. K. (2013). Servant leadership: A journey into the nature of legitimate power and greatness. Paulist Press.
  • Hair, J. F., Black, W. C., Babin, B. J., & Anderson, R. E. (2019). Multivariate data analysis (Eight). Cengage Learning EMEA.
  • Hair, J. F., Matthews, L. M., Matthews, R. L., & Sarstedt, M. (2017). PLS-SEM or CB-SEM: Updated guidelines on which method to use “PLS-SEM or CB-SEM: updated guidelines on which method to use”. Içinde Organizational Research Methods, MIS Quarterly, and International Journal (C. 1, Sayı 2).
  • Henseler, J., Ringle, C. M., & Sarstedt, M. (2015). A new criterion for assessing discriminant validity in variance-based structural equation modeling. Journal of the Academy of Marketing Science, 43(1), 115-135.
  • Hincapie, M. X., & Costa, P. (2024). Fostering hybrid team performance through inclusive leadership strategies. Organizational Dynamics, 53(3). 1-6. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.orgdyn.2024.101072
  • Hollander, E. (2012). Inclusive leadership: The essential leader-follower relationship. Routledge.
  • Hoover, A. N., & Rupp, D. E. (2024). Inclusive leadership as a valid assessment center dimension. Industrial and Organizational Psychology, 17(2), 176-191. https://doi.org/DOI: 10.1017/iop.2024.1
  • Hu, L., & Bentler, P. M. (1999). Cutoff criteria for fit indexes in covariance structure analysis: Conventional criteria versus new alternatives. Structural equation modeling: A multidisciplinary journal, 6(1), 1-55.
  • Islam, T., Ahmed, I., & Alkharabsheh, O. H. M. (2024). Fostering a knowledge sharing culture: The role of fun, empowerment, and inclusive leadership. Global Knowledge, Memory and Communication. 1-17. https://doi.org/10.1108/GKMC-12-2023-0471
  • Kline, R. B. (2016). Principles and practice of structural equation modeling (4th ed.). Guilford Press.
  • Liu, Y., Fang, Y., Hu, L., Chen, N., Li, X., & Cai, Y. (2024). Inclusive leadership and employee workplace well-being: The role of vigor and supervisor developmental feedback. BMC Psychology, 12, 1-12. https://doi.org/10.1186/s40359-024-02029-5
  • Merlini, K. P., Moon, N. A., McKenzie-James, A. A., Caylor, J. R., Redmond, A., Nguyen, D., & Richardson, P. (2025). An unmet goal? A scale development and model test of the role of inclusive leadership. Journal of Business and Psychology, 40(2), 333-357. https://doi.org/10.1007/s10869-024-09955-6
  • Nembhard, I. M., & Edmondson, A. C. (2006). Making it safe: The effects of leader inclusiveness and professional status on psychological safety and improvement efforts in health care teams. Journal of Organizational Behavior, 27(7), 941-966. https://doi.org/10.1002/job.413
  • Nishii, L. H., & Mayer, D. M. (2009). Do inclusive leaders help to reduce turnover in diverse groups? The moderating role of leader–member exchange in the diversity to turnover relationship. Journal of Applied Psychology, 94(6), 1412.
  • Noor, S., & Golzar, J. (2022). Simple random sampling. IJELS, 1(2), 1-5.
  • Okçu, V., & Deviren, İ. (2021). Kapsayıcı liderlik ölçeğinin (KLÖ) geliştirilmesi. Elektronik Eğitim Bilimleri Dergisi, 10(20), 321-333.
  • Randel, A. E., Galvin, B. M., Shore, L. M., Ehrhart, K. H., Chung, B. G., Dean, M. A., & Kedharnath, U. (2018). Inclusive leadership: Realizing positive outcomes through belongingness and being valued for uniqueness. Human Resource Management Review, 28(2), 190-203. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.hrmr.2017.07.002
  • Shore, L. M., Randel, A. E., Chung, B. G., Dean, M. A., Holcombe Ehrhart, K., & Singh, G. (2011). Inclusion and diversity in work groups: A review and model for future research. Journal of Management, 37(4), 1262-1289.
  • Sürücü, L., & Maslakçı, A. (2021). Kapsayıcı liderlik ölçeğinin Türkçeye uyarlanması: Geçerlik ve güvenirlik çalışması. Doğuş Üniversitesi Dergisi, 22(2), 201-215.
  • Svendsen, M., & Næss, H. E. (2025). The importance of ildsjeler: A fieldwork study of inclusive leadership and subjective social mobility in sport. Equality, Diversity and Inclusion. 1-14. https://doi.org/10.1108/EDI-04-2024-0185 Tabachnick, B. G., & Fidell, L. S. (2019). Using multivariate statistics (7th ed.). Pearson.
  • Wong, K. K.-K. (2013). Partial least squares structural equation modeling (PLS-SEM) techniques using SmartPLS. Marketing Bulletin, 24(1), 1-32.
  • Yavuz, A. (2024). Farklılıkları güce dönüştüren yaklaşım: Kapsayıcı liderlik kavramına ilişkin bibliyometrik analiz. Tarsus University Faculty of Applied Sciences Journal, 2024(2), 127-138.
Toplam 33 adet kaynakça vardır.

Ayrıntılar

Birincil Dil Türkçe
Konular Liderlik, Organizasyon
Bölüm Araştırma Makalesi
Yazarlar

Abdullah Zübeyr Akman 0000-0001-6392-1884

Gönderilme Tarihi 29 Ocak 2026
Kabul Tarihi 16 Mart 2026
Yayımlanma Tarihi 23 Mart 2026
DOI https://doi.org/10.71284/jpepfm.20266110
IZ https://izlik.org/JA84JB76PW
Yayımlandığı Sayı Yıl 2026 Cilt: 6 Sayı: 1

Kaynak Göster

APA Akman, A. Z. (2026). Kapsayıcı Liderlik Ölçeğinin (KLÖ) Geçerlik ve Güvenirlik Çalışması. Journal of Public Economy and Public Financıal Management, 6(1), 172-186. https://doi.org/10.71284/jpepfm.20266110